import operator
import warnings
import sys
import decimal
from fractions import Fraction
import math
import pytest
import numpy as np
from numpy import ma
from numpy.testing import (
assert_, assert_equal, assert_array_equal, assert_almost_equal,
assert_array_almost_equal, assert_raises, assert_allclose, IS_PYPY,
assert_warns, assert_raises_regex, suppress_warnings, HAS_REFCOUNT,
)
import numpy.lib.function_base as nfb
from numpy.random import rand
from numpy.lib import (
add_newdoc_ufunc, angle, average, bartlett, blackman, corrcoef, cov,
delete, diff, digitize, extract, flipud, gradient, hamming, hanning,
i0, insert, interp, kaiser, meshgrid, msort, piecewise, place, rot90,
select, setxor1d, sinc, trapz, trim_zeros, unwrap, unique, vectorize
)
def get_mat(n):
data = np.arange(n)
data = np.add.outer(data, data)
return data
def _make_complex(real, imag):
"""
Like real + 1j * imag, but behaves as expected when imag contains non-finite
values
"""
ret = np.zeros(np.broadcast(real, imag).shape, np.complex_)
ret.real = real
ret.imag = imag
return ret
class TestRot90:
def test_basic(self):
assert_raises(ValueError, rot90, np.ones(4))
assert_raises(ValueError, rot90, np.ones((2,2,2)), axes=(0,1,2))
assert_raises(ValueError, rot90, np.ones((2,2)), axes=(0,2))
assert_raises(ValueError, rot90, np.ones((2,2)), axes=(1,1))
assert_raises(ValueError, rot90, np.ones((2,2,2)), axes=(-2,1))
a = [[0, 1, 2],
[3, 4, 5]]
b1 = [[2, 5],
[1, 4],
[0, 3]]
b2 = [[5, 4, 3],
[2, 1, 0]]
b3 = [[3, 0],
[4, 1],
[5, 2]]
b4 = [[0, 1, 2],
[3, 4, 5]]
for k in range(-3, 13, 4):
assert_equal(rot90(a, k=k), b1)
for k in range(-2, 13, 4):
assert_equal(rot90(a, k=k), b2)
for k in range(-1, 13, 4):
assert_equal(rot90(a, k=k), b3)
for k in range(0, 13, 4):
assert_equal(rot90(a, k=k), b4)
assert_equal(rot90(rot90(a, axes=(0,1)), axes=(1,0)), a)
assert_equal(rot90(a, k=1, axes=(1,0)), rot90(a, k=-1, axes=(0,1)))
def test_axes(self):
a = np.ones((50, 40, 3))
assert_equal(rot90(a).shape, (40, 50, 3))
assert_equal(rot90(a, axes=(0,2)), rot90(a, axes=(0,-1)))
assert_equal(rot90(a, axes=(1,2)), rot90(a, axes=(-2,-1)))
def test_rotation_axes(self):
a = np.arange(8).reshape((2,2,2))
a_rot90_01 = [[[2, 3],
[6, 7]],
[[0, 1],
[4, 5]]]
a_rot90_12 = [[[1, 3],
[0, 2]],
[[5, 7],
[4, 6]]]
a_rot90_20 = [[[4, 0],
[6, 2]],
[[5, 1],
[7, 3]]]
a_rot90_10 = [[[4, 5],
[0, 1]],
[[6, 7],
[2, 3]]]
assert_equal(rot90(a, axes=(0, 1)), a_rot90_01)
assert_equal(rot90(a, axes=(1, 0)), a_rot90_10)
assert_equal(rot90(a, axes=(1, 2)), a_rot90_12)
for k in range(1,5):
assert_equal(rot90(a, k=k, axes=(2, 0)),
rot90(a_rot90_20, k=k-1, axes=(2, 0)))
class TestFlip:
def test_axes(self):
assert_raises(np.AxisError, np.flip, np.ones(4), axis=1)
assert_raises(np.AxisError, np.flip, np.ones((4, 4)), axis=2)
assert_raises(np.AxisError, np.flip, np.ones((4, 4)), axis=-3)
assert_raises(np.AxisError, np.flip, np.ones((4, 4)), axis=(0, 3))
def test_basic_lr(self):
a = get_mat(4)
b = a[:, ::-1]
assert_equal(np.flip(a, 1), b)
a = [[0, 1, 2],
[3, 4, 5]]
b = [[2, 1, 0],
[5, 4, 3]]
assert_equal(np.flip(a, 1), b)
def test_basic_ud(self):
a = get_mat(4)
b = a[::-1, :]
assert_equal(np.flip(a, 0), b)
a = [[0, 1, 2],
[3, 4, 5]]
b = [[3, 4, 5],
[0, 1, 2]]
assert_equal(np.flip(a, 0), b)
def test_3d_swap_axis0(self):
a = np.array([[[0, 1],
[2, 3]],
[[4, 5],
[6, 7]]])
b = np.array([[[4, 5],
[6, 7]],
[[0, 1],
[2, 3]]])
assert_equal(np.flip(a, 0), b)
def test_3d_swap_axis1(self):
a = np.array([[[0, 1],
[2, 3]],
[[4, 5],
[6, 7]]])
b = np.array([[[2, 3],
[0, 1]],
[[6, 7],
[4, 5]]])
assert_equal(np.flip(a, 1), b)
def test_3d_swap_axis2(self):
a = np.array([[[0, 1],
[2, 3]],
[[4, 5],
[6, 7]]])
b = np.array([[[1, 0],
[3, 2]],
[[5, 4],
[7, 6]]])
assert_equal(np.flip(a, 2), b)
def test_4d(self):
a = np.arange(2 * 3 * 4 * 5).reshape(2, 3, 4, 5)
for i in range(a.ndim):
assert_equal(np.flip(a, i),
np.flipud(a.swapaxes(0, i)).swapaxes(i, 0))
def test_default_axis(self):
a = np.array([[1, 2, 3],
[4, 5, 6]])
b = np.array([[6, 5, 4],
[3, 2, 1]])
assert_equal(np.flip(a), b)
def test_multiple_axes(self):
a = np.array([[[0, 1],
[2, 3]],
[[4, 5],
[6, 7]]])
assert_equal(np.flip(a, axis=()), a)
b = np.array([[[5, 4],
[7, 6]],
[[1, 0],
[3, 2]]])
assert_equal(np.flip(a, axis=(0, 2)), b)
c = np.array([[[3, 2],
[1, 0]],
[[7, 6],
[5, 4]]])
assert_equal(np.flip(a, axis=(1, 2)), c)
class TestAny:
def test_basic(self):
y1 = [0, 0, 1, 0]
y2 = [0, 0, 0, 0]
y3 = [1, 0, 1, 0]
assert_(np.any(y1))
assert_(np.any(y3))
assert_(not np.any(y2))
def test_nd(self):
y1 = [[0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0], [1, 1, 0]]
assert_(np.any(y1))
assert_array_equal(np.sometrue(y1, axis=0), [1, 1, 0])
assert_array_equal(np.sometrue(y1, axis=1), [0, 1, 1])
class TestAll:
def test_basic(self):
y1 = [0, 1, 1, 0]
y2 = [0, 0, 0, 0]
y3 = [1, 1, 1, 1]
assert_(not np.all(y1))
assert_(np.all(y3))
assert_(not np.all(y2))
assert_(np.all(~np.array(y2)))
def test_nd(self):
y1 = [[0, 0, 1], [0, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1]]
assert_(not np.all(y1))
assert_array_equal(np.alltrue(y1, axis=0), [0, 0, 1])
assert_array_equal(np.alltrue(y1, axis=1), [0, 0, 1])
class TestCopy:
def test_basic(self):
a = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
a_copy = np.copy(a)
assert_array_equal(a, a_copy)
a_copy[0, 0] = 10
assert_equal(a[0, 0], 1)
assert_equal(a_copy[0, 0], 10)
def test_order(self):
# It turns out that people rely on np.copy() preserving order by
# default; changing this broke scikit-learn:
# github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn/commit/7842748cf777412c506a8c0ed28090711d3a3783 # noqa
a = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
assert_(a.flags.c_contiguous)
assert_(not a.flags.f_contiguous)
a_fort = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]], order="F")
assert_(not a_fort.flags.c_contiguous)
assert_(a_fort.flags.f_contiguous)
a_copy = np.copy(a)
assert_(a_copy.flags.c_contiguous)
assert_(not a_copy.flags.f_contiguous)
a_fort_copy = np.copy(a_fort)
assert_(not a_fort_copy.flags.c_contiguous)
assert_(a_fort_copy.flags.f_contiguous)
def test_subok(self):
mx = ma.ones(5)
assert_(not ma.isMaskedArray(np.copy(mx, subok=False)))
assert_(ma.isMaskedArray(np.copy(mx, subok=True)))
# Default behavior
assert_(not ma.isMaskedArray(np.copy(mx)))
class TestAverage:
def test_basic(self):
y1 = np.array([1, 2, 3])
assert_(average(y1, axis=0) == 2.)
y2 = np.array([1., 2., 3.])
assert_(average(y2, axis=0) == 2.)
y3 = [0., 0., 0.]
assert_(average(y3, axis=0) == 0.)
y4 = np.ones((4, 4))
y4[0, 1] = 0
y4[1, 0] = 2
assert_almost_equal(y4.mean(0), average(y4, 0))
assert_almost_equal(y4.mean(1), average(y4, 1))
y5 = rand(5, 5)
assert_almost_equal(y5.mean(0), average(y5, 0))
assert_almost_equal(y5.mean(1), average(y5, 1))
def test_weights(self):
y = np.arange(10)
w = np.arange(10)
actual = average(y, weights=w)
desired = (np.arange(10) ** 2).sum() * 1. / np.arange(10).sum()
assert_almost_equal(actual, desired)
y1 = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]])
w0 = [1, 2]
actual = average(y1, weights=w0, axis=0)
desired = np.array([3., 4., 5.])
assert_almost_equal(actual, desired)
w1 = [0, 0, 1]
actual = average(y1, weights=w1, axis=1)
desired = np.array([3., 6.])
assert_almost_equal(actual, desired)
# This should raise an error. Can we test for that ?
# assert_equal(average(y1, weights=w1), 9./2.)
# 2D Case
w2 = [[0, 0, 1], [0, 0, 2]]
desired = np.array([3., 6.])
assert_array_equal(average(y1, weights=w2, axis=1), desired)
assert_equal(average(y1, weights=w2), 5.)
y3 = rand(5).astype(np.float32)
w3 = rand(5).astype(np.float64)
assert_(np.average(y3, weights=w3).dtype == np.result_type(y3, w3))
def test_returned(self):
y = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]])
# No weights
avg, scl = average(y, returned=True)
assert_equal(scl, 6.)
avg, scl = average(y, 0, returned=True)
assert_array_equal(scl, np.array([2., 2., 2.]))
avg, scl = average(y, 1, returned=True)
assert_array_equal(scl, np.array([3., 3.]))
# With weights
w0 = [1, 2]
avg, scl = average(y, weights=w0, axis=0, returned=True)
assert_array_equal(scl, np.array([3., 3., 3.]))
w1 = [1, 2, 3]
avg, scl = average(y, weights=w1, axis=1, returned=True)
assert_array_equal(scl, np.array([6., 6.]))
w2 = [[0, 0, 1], [1, 2, 3]]
avg, scl = average(y, weights=w2, axis=1, returned=True)
assert_array_equal(scl, np.array([1., 6.]))
def test_subclasses(self):
class subclass(np.ndarray):
pass
a = np.array([[1,2],[3,4]]).view(subclass)
w = np.array([[1,2],[3,4]]).view(subclass)
assert_equal(type(np.average(a)), subclass)
assert_equal(type(np.average(a, weights=w)), subclass)
def test_upcasting(self):
typs = [('i4', 'i4', 'f8'), ('i4', 'f4', 'f8'), ('f4', 'i4', 'f8'),
('f4', 'f4', 'f4'), ('f4', 'f8', 'f8')]
for at, wt, rt in typs:
a = np.array([[1,2],[3,4]], dtype=at)
w = np.array([[1,2],[3,4]], dtype=wt)
assert_equal(np.average(a, weights=w).dtype, np.dtype(rt))
def test_object_dtype(self):
a = np.array([decimal.Decimal(x) for x in range(10)])
w = np.array([decimal.Decimal(1) for _ in range(10)])
w /= w.sum()
assert_almost_equal(a.mean(0), average(a, weights=w))
class TestSelect:
choices = [np.array([1, 2, 3]),
np.array([4, 5, 6]),
np.array([7, 8, 9])]
conditions = [np.array([False, False, False]),
np.array([False, True, False]),
np.array([False, False, True])]
def _select(self, cond, values, default=0):
output = []
for m in range(len(cond)):
output += [V[m] for V, C in zip(values, cond) if C[m]] or [default]
return output
def test_basic(self):
choices = self.choices
conditions = self.conditions
assert_array_equal(select(conditions, choices, default=15),
self._select(conditions, choices, default=15))
assert_equal(len(choices), 3)
assert_equal(len(conditions), 3)
def test_broadcasting(self):
conditions = [np.array(True), np.array([False, True, False])]
choices = [1, np.arange(12).reshape(4, 3)]
assert_array_equal(select(conditions, choices), np.ones((4, 3)))
# default can broadcast too:
assert_equal(select([True], [0], default=[0]).shape, (1,))
def test_return_dtype(self):
assert_equal(select(self.conditions, self.choices, 1j).dtype,
np.complex_)
# But the conditions need to be stronger then the scalar default
# if it is scalar.
choices = [choice.astype(np.int8) for choice in self.choices]
assert_equal(select(self.conditions, choices).dtype, np.int8)
d = np.array([1, 2, 3, np.nan, 5, 7])
m = np.isnan(d)
assert_equal(select([m], [d]), [0, 0, 0, np.nan, 0, 0])
def test_deprecated_empty(self):
assert_raises(ValueError, select, [], [], 3j)
assert_raises(ValueError, select, [], [])
def test_non_bool_deprecation(self):
choices = self.choices
conditions = self.conditions[:]
conditions[0] = conditions[0].astype(np.int_)
assert_raises(TypeError, select, conditions, choices)
conditions[0] = conditions[0].astype(np.uint8)
assert_raises(TypeError, select, conditions, choices)
assert_raises(TypeError, select, conditions, choices)
def test_many_arguments(self):
# This used to be limited by NPY_MAXARGS == 32
conditions = [np.array([False])] * 100
choices = [np.array([1])] * 100
select(conditions, choices)
class TestInsert:
def test_basic(self):
a = [1, 2, 3]
assert_equal(insert(a, 0, 1), [1, 1, 2, 3])
assert_equal(insert(a, 3, 1), [1, 2, 3, 1])
assert_equal(insert(a, [1, 1, 1], [1, 2, 3]), [1, 1, 2, 3, 2, 3])
assert_equal(insert(a, 1, [1, 2, 3]), [1, 1, 2, 3, 2, 3])
assert_equal(insert(a, [1, -1, 3], 9), [1, 9, 2, 9, 3, 9])
assert_equal(insert(a, slice(-1, None, -1), 9), [9, 1, 9, 2, 9, 3])
assert_equal(insert(a, [-1, 1, 3], [7, 8, 9]), [1, 8, 2, 7, 3, 9])
b = np.array([0, 1], dtype=np.float64)
assert_equal(insert(b, 0, b[0]), [0., 0., 1.])
assert_equal(insert(b, [], []), b)
# Bools will be treated differently in the future:
# assert_equal(insert(a, np.array([True]*4), 9), [9, 1, 9, 2, 9, 3, 9])
with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
warnings.filterwarnings('always', '', FutureWarning)
assert_equal(
insert(a, np.array([True] * 4), 9), [1, 9, 9, 9, 9, 2, 3])
assert_(w[0].category is FutureWarning)
def test_multidim(self):
a = [[1, 1, 1]]
r = [[2, 2, 2],
[1, 1, 1]]
assert_equal(insert(a, 0, [1]), [1, 1, 1, 1])
assert_equal(insert(a, 0, [2, 2, 2], axis=0), r)
assert_equal(insert(a, 0, 2, axis=0), r)
assert_equal(insert(a, 2, 2, axis=1), [[1, 1, 2, 1]])
a = np.array([[1, 1], [2, 2], [3, 3]])
b = np.arange(1, 4).repeat(3).reshape(3, 3)
c = np.concatenate(
(a[:, 0:1], np.arange(1, 4).repeat(3).reshape(3, 3).T,
a[:, 1:2]), axis=1)
assert_equal(insert(a, [1], [[1], [2], [3]], axis=1), b)
assert_equal(insert(a, [1], [1, 2, 3], axis=1), c)
# scalars behave differently, in this case exactly opposite:
assert_equal(insert(a, 1, [1, 2, 3], axis=1), b)
assert_equal(insert(a, 1, [[1], [2], [3]], axis=1), c)
a = np.arange(4).reshape(2, 2)
assert_equal(insert(a[:, :1], 1, a[:, 1], axis=1), a)
assert_equal(insert(a[:1,:], 1, a[1,:], axis=0), a)
# negative axis value
a = np.arange(24).reshape((2, 3, 4))
assert_equal(insert(a, 1, a[:,:, 3], axis=-1),
insert(a, 1, a[:,:, 3], axis=2))
assert_equal(insert(a, 1, a[:, 2,:], axis=-2),
insert(a, 1, a[:, 2,:], axis=1))
# invalid axis value
assert_raises(np.AxisError, insert, a, 1, a[:, 2, :], axis=3)
assert_raises(np.AxisError, insert, a, 1, a[:, 2, :], axis=-4)
# negative axis value
a = np.arange(24).reshape((2, 3, 4))
assert_equal(insert(a, 1, a[:, :, 3], axis=-1),
insert(a, 1, a[:, :, 3], axis=2))
assert_equal(insert(a, 1, a[:, 2, :], axis=-2),
insert(a, 1, a[:, 2, :], axis=1))
def test_0d(self):
a = np.array(1)
with pytest.raises(np.AxisError):
insert(a, [], 2, axis=0)
with pytest.raises(TypeError):
insert(a, [], 2, axis="nonsense")
def test_subclass(self):
class SubClass(np.ndarray):
pass
a = np.arange(10).view(SubClass)
assert_(isinstance(np.insert(a, 0, [0]), SubClass))
assert_(isinstance(np.insert(a, [], []), SubClass))
assert_(isinstance(np.insert(a, [0, 1], [1, 2]), SubClass))
assert_(isinstance(np.insert(a, slice(1, 2), [1, 2]), SubClass))
assert_(isinstance(np.insert(a, slice(1, -2, -1), []), SubClass))
# This is an error in the future:
a = np.array(1).view(SubClass)
assert_(isinstance(np.insert(a, 0, [0]), SubClass))
def test_index_array_copied(self):
x = np.array([1, 1, 1])
np.insert([0, 1, 2], x, [3, 4, 5])
assert_equal(x, np.array([1, 1, 1]))
def test_structured_array(self):
a = np.array([(1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (3, 'c')],
dtype=[('foo', 'i'), ('bar', 'a1')])
val = (4, 'd')
b = np.insert(a, 0, val)
assert_array_equal(b[0], np.array(val, dtype=b.dtype))
val = [(4, 'd')] * 2
b = np.insert(a, [0, 2], val)
assert_array_equal(b[[0, 3]], np.array(val, dtype=b.dtype))
def test_index_floats(self):
with pytest.raises(IndexError):
np.insert([0, 1, 2], np.array([1.0, 2.0]), [10, 20])
with pytest.raises(IndexError):
np.insert([0, 1, 2], np.array([], dtype=float), [])
class TestAmax:
def test_basic(self):
a = [3, 4, 5, 10, -3, -5, 6.0]
assert_equal(np.amax(a), 10.0)
b = [[3, 6.0, 9.0],
[4, 10.0, 5.0],
[8, 3.0, 2.0]]
assert_equal(np.amax(b, axis=0), [8.0, 10.0, 9.0])
assert_equal(np.amax(b, axis=1), [9.0, 10.0, 8.0])
class TestAmin:
def test_basic(self):
a = [3, 4, 5, 10, -3, -5, 6.0]
assert_equal(np.amin(a), -5.0)
b = [[3, 6.0, 9.0],
[4, 10.0, 5.0],
[8, 3.0, 2.0]]
assert_equal(np.amin(b, axis=0), [3.0, 3.0, 2.0])
assert_equal(np.amin(b, axis=1), [3.0, 4.0, 2.0])
class TestPtp:
def test_basic(self):
a = np.array([3, 4, 5, 10, -3, -5, 6.0])
assert_equal(a.ptp(axis=0), 15.0)
b = np.array([[3, 6.0, 9.0],
[4, 10.0, 5.0],
[8, 3.0, 2.0]])
assert_equal(b.ptp(axis=0), [5.0, 7.0, 7.0])
assert_equal(b.ptp(axis=-1), [6.0, 6.0, 6.0])
assert_equal(b.ptp(axis=0, keepdims=True), [[5.0, 7.0, 7.0]])
assert_equal(b.ptp(axis=(0,1), keepdims=True), [[8.0]])
class TestCumsum:
def test_basic(self):
ba = [1, 2, 10, 11, 6, 5, 4]
ba2 = [[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 9], [10, 3, 4, 5]]
for ctype in [np.int8, np.uint8, np.int16, np.uint16, np.int32,
np.uint32, np.float32, np.float64, np.complex64,
np.complex128]:
a = np.array(ba, ctype)
a2 = np.array(ba2, ctype)
tgt = np.array([1, 3, 13, 24, 30, 35, 39], ctype)
assert_array_equal(np.cumsum(a, axis=0), tgt)
tgt = np.array(
[[1, 2, 3, 4], [6, 8, 10, 13], [16, 11, 14, 18]], ctype)
assert_array_equal(np.cumsum(a2, axis=0), tgt)
tgt = np.array(
[[1, 3, 6, 10], [5, 11, 18, 27], [10, 13, 17, 22]], ctype)
assert_array_equal(np.cumsum(a2, axis=1), tgt)
class TestProd:
def test_basic(self):
ba = [1, 2, 10, 11, 6, 5, 4]
ba2 = [[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 9], [10, 3, 4, 5]]
for ctype in [np.int16, np.uint16, np.int32, np.uint32,
np.float32, np.float64, np.complex64, np.complex128]:
a = np.array(ba, ctype)
a2 = np.array(ba2, ctype)
if ctype in ['1', 'b']:
assert_raises(ArithmeticError, np.prod, a)
assert_raises(ArithmeticError, np.prod, a2, 1)
else:
assert_equal(a.prod(axis=0), 26400)
assert_array_equal(a2.prod(axis=0),
np.array([50, 36, 84, 180], ctype))
assert_array_equal(a2.prod(axis=-1),
np.array([24, 1890, 600], ctype))
class TestCumprod:
def test_basic(self):
ba = [1, 2, 10, 11, 6, 5, 4]
ba2 = [[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 9], [10, 3, 4, 5]]
for ctype in [np.int16, np.uint16, np.int32, np.uint32,
np.float32, np.float64, np.complex64, np.complex128]:
a = np.array(ba, ctype)
a2 = np.array(ba2, ctype)
if ctype in ['1', 'b']:
assert_raises(ArithmeticError, np.cumprod, a)
assert_raises(ArithmeticError, np.cumprod, a2, 1)
assert_raises(ArithmeticError, np.cumprod, a)
else:
assert_array_equal(np.cumprod(a, axis=-1),
np.array([1, 2, 20, 220,
1320, 6600, 26400], ctype))
assert_array_equal(np.cumprod(a2, axis=0),
np.array([[1, 2, 3, 4],
[5, 12, 21, 36],
[50, 36, 84, 180]], ctype))
assert_array_equal(np.cumprod(a2, axis=-1),
np.array([[1, 2, 6, 24],
[5, 30, 210, 1890],
[10, 30, 120, 600]], ctype))
class TestDiff:
def test_basic(self):
x = [1, 4, 6, 7, 12]
out = np.array([3, 2, 1, 5])
out2 = np.array([-1, -1, 4])
out3 = np.array([0, 5])
assert_array_equal(diff(x), out)
assert_array_equal(diff(x, n=2), out2)
assert_array_equal(diff(x, n=3), out3)
x = [1.1, 2.2, 3.0, -0.2, -0.1]
out = np.array([1.1, 0.8, -3.2, 0.1])
assert_almost_equal(diff(x), out)
x = [True, True, False, False]
out = np.array([False, True, False])
out2 = np.array([True, True])
assert_array_equal(diff(x), out)
assert_array_equal(diff(x, n=2), out2)
def test_axis(self):
x = np.zeros((10, 20, 30))
x[:, 1::2, :] = 1
exp = np.ones((10, 19, 30))
exp[:, 1::2, :] = -1
assert_array_equal(diff(x), np.zeros((10, 20, 29)))
assert_array_equal(diff(x, axis=-1), np.zeros((10, 20, 29)))
assert_array_equal(diff(x, axis=0), np.zeros((9, 20, 30)))
assert_array_equal(diff(x, axis=1), exp)
assert_array_equal(diff(x, axis=-2), exp)
assert_raises(np.AxisError, diff, x, axis=3)
assert_raises(np.AxisError, diff, x, axis=-4)
x = np.array(1.11111111111, np.float64)
assert_raises(ValueError, diff, x)
def test_nd(self):
x = 20 * rand(10, 20, 30)
out1 = x[:, :, 1:] - x[:, :, :-1]
out2 = out1[:, :, 1:] - out1[:, :, :-1]
out3 = x[1:, :, :] - x[:-1, :, :]
out4 = out3[1:, :, :] - out3[:-1, :, :]
assert_array_equal(diff(x), out1)
assert_array_equal(diff(x, n=2), out2)
assert_array_equal(diff(x, axis=0), out3)
assert_array_equal(diff(x, n=2, axis=0), out4)
def test_n(self):
x = list(range(3))
assert_raises(ValueError, diff, x, n=-1)
output = [diff(x, n=n) for n in range(1, 5)]
expected = [[1, 1], [0], [], []]
assert_(diff(x, n=0) is x)
for n, (expected, out) in enumerate(zip(expected, output), start=1):
assert_(type(out) is np.ndarray)
assert_array_equal(out, expected)
assert_equal(out.dtype, np.int_)
assert_equal(len(out), max(0, len(x) - n))
def test_times(self):
x = np.arange('1066-10-13', '1066-10-16', dtype=np.datetime64)
expected = [
np.array([1, 1], dtype='timedelta64[D]'),
np.array([0], dtype='timedelta64[D]'),
]
expected.extend([np.array([], dtype='timedelta64[D]')] * 3)
for n, exp in enumerate(expected, start=1):
out = diff(x, n=n)
assert_array_equal(out, exp)
assert_equal(out.dtype, exp.dtype)
def test_subclass(self):
x = ma.array([[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6], [7, 8], [9, 10]],
mask=[[False, False], [True, False],
[False, True], [True, True], [False, False]])
out = diff(x)
assert_array_equal(out.data, [[1], [1], [1], [1], [1]])
assert_array_equal(out.mask, [[False], [True],
[True], [True], [False]])
assert_(type(out) is type(x))
out3 = diff(x, n=3)
assert_array_equal(out3.data, [[], [], [], [], []])
assert_array_equal(out3.mask, [[], [], [], [], []])
assert_(type(out3) is type(x))
def test_prepend(self):
x = np.arange(5) + 1
assert_array_equal(diff(x, prepend=0), np.ones(5))
assert_array_equal(diff(x, prepend=[0]), np.ones(5))
assert_array_equal(np.cumsum(np.diff(x, prepend=0)), x)
assert_array_equal(diff(x, prepend=[-1, 0]), np.ones(6))
x = np.arange(4).reshape(2, 2)
result = np.diff(x, axis=1, prepend=0)
expected = [[0, 1], [2, 1]]
assert_array_equal(result, expected)
result = np.diff(x, axis=1, prepend=[[0], [0]])
assert_array_equal(result, expected)
result = np.diff(x, axis=0, prepend=0)
expected = [[0, 1], [2, 2]]
assert_array_equal(result, expected)
result = np.diff(x, axis=0, prepend=[[0, 0]])
assert_array_equal(result, expected)
assert_raises(ValueError, np.diff, x, prepend=np.zeros((3,3)))
assert_raises(np.AxisError, diff, x, prepend=0, axis=3)
def test_append(self):
x = np.arange(5)
result = diff(x, append=0)
expected = [1, 1, 1, 1, -4]
assert_array_equal(result, expected)
result = diff(x, append=[0])
assert_array_equal(result, expected)
result = diff(x, append=[0, 2])
expected = expected + [2]
assert_array_equal(result, expected)
x = np.arange(4).reshape(2, 2)
result = np.diff(x, axis=1, append=0)
expected = [[1, -1], [1, -3]]
assert_array_equal(result, expected)
result = np.diff(x, axis=1, append=[[0], [0]])
assert_array_equal(result, expected)
result = np.diff(x, axis=0, append=0)
expected = [[2, 2], [-2, -3]]
assert_array_equal(result, expected)
result = np.diff(x, axis=0, append=[[0, 0]])
assert_array_equal(result, expected)
assert_raises(ValueError, np.diff, x, append=np.zeros((3,3)))
assert_raises(np.AxisError, diff, x, append=0, axis=3)
class TestDelete:
def setup(self):
self.a = np.arange(5)
self.nd_a = np.arange(5).repeat(2).reshape(1, 5, 2)
def _check_inverse_of_slicing(self, indices):
a_del = delete(self.a, indices)
nd_a_del = delete(self.nd_a, indices, axis=1)
msg = 'Delete failed for obj: %r' % indices
assert_array_equal(setxor1d(a_del, self.a[indices, ]), self.a,
err_msg=msg)
xor = setxor1d(nd_a_del[0,:, 0], self.nd_a[0, indices, 0])
assert_array_equal(xor, self.nd_a[0,:, 0], err_msg=msg)
def test_slices(self):
lims = [-6, -2, 0, 1, 2, 4, 5]
steps = [-3, -1, 1, 3]
for start in lims:
for stop in lims:
for step in steps:
s = slice(start, stop, step)
self._check_inverse_of_slicing(s)
def test_fancy(self):
self._check_inverse_of_slicing(np.array([[0, 1], [2, 1]]))
with pytest.raises(IndexError):
delete(self.a, [100])
with pytest.raises(IndexError):
delete(self.a, [-100])
self._check_inverse_of_slicing([0, -1, 2, 2])
self._check_inverse_of_slicing([True, False, False, True, False])
# not legal, indexing with these would change the dimension
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
delete(self.a, True)
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
delete(self.a, False)
# not enough items
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
delete(self.a, [False]*4)
def test_single(self):
self._check_inverse_of_slicing(0)
self._check_inverse_of_slicing(-4)
def test_0d(self):
a = np.array(1)
with pytest.raises(np.AxisError):
delete(a, [], axis=0)
with pytest.raises(TypeError):
delete(a, [], axis="nonsense")
def test_subclass(self):
class SubClass(np.ndarray):
pass
a = self.a.view(SubClass)
assert_(isinstance(delete(a, 0), SubClass))
assert_(isinstance(delete(a, []), SubClass))
assert_(isinstance(delete(a, [0, 1]), SubClass))
assert_(isinstance(delete(a, slice(1, 2)), SubClass))
assert_(isinstance(delete(a, slice(1, -2)), SubClass))
def test_array_order_preserve(self):
# See gh-7113
k = np.arange(10).reshape(2, 5, order='F')
m = delete(k, slice(60, None), axis=1)
# 'k' is Fortran ordered, and 'm' should have the
# same ordering as 'k' and NOT become C ordered
assert_equal(m.flags.c_contiguous, k.flags.c_contiguous)
assert_equal(m.flags.f_contiguous, k.flags.f_contiguous)
def test_index_floats(self):
with pytest.raises(IndexError):
np.delete([0, 1, 2], np.array([1.0, 2.0]))
with pytest.raises(IndexError):
np.delete([0, 1, 2], np.array([], dtype=float))
class TestGradient:
def test_basic(self):
v = [[1, 1], [3, 4]]
x = np.array(v)
dx = [np.array([[2., 3.], [2., 3.]]),
np.array([[0., 0.], [1., 1.]])]
assert_array_equal(gradient(x), dx)
assert_array_equal(gradient(v), dx)
def test_args(self):
dx = np.cumsum(np.ones(5))
dx_uneven = [1., 2., 5., 9., 11.]
f_2d = np.arange(25).reshape(5, 5)
# distances must be scalars or have size equal to gradient[axis]
gradient(np.arange(5), 3.)
gradient(np.arange(5), np.array(3.))
gradient(np.arange(5), dx)
# dy is set equal to dx because scalar
gradient(f_2d, 1.5)
gradient(f_2d, np.array(1.5))
gradient(f_2d, dx_uneven, dx_uneven)
# mix between even and uneven spaces and
# mix between scalar and vector
gradient(f_2d, dx, 2)
# 2D but axis specified
gradient(f_2d, dx, axis=1)
# 2d coordinate arguments are not yet allowed
assert_raises_regex(ValueError, '.*scalars or 1d',
gradient, f_2d, np.stack([dx]*2, axis=-1), 1)
def test_badargs(self):
f_2d = np.arange(25).reshape(5, 5)
x = np.cumsum(np.ones(5))
# wrong sizes
assert_raises(ValueError, gradient, f_2d, x, np.ones(2))
assert_raises(ValueError, gradient, f_2d, 1, np.ones(2))
assert_raises(ValueError, gradient, f_2d, np.ones(2), np.ones(2))
# wrong number of arguments
assert_raises(TypeError, gradient, f_2d, x)
assert_raises(TypeError, gradient, f_2d, x, axis=(0,1))
assert_raises(TypeError, gradient, f_2d, x, x, x)
assert_raises(TypeError, gradient, f_2d, 1, 1, 1)
assert_raises(TypeError, gradient, f_2d, x, x, axis=1)
assert_raises(TypeError, gradient, f_2d, 1, 1, axis=1)
def test_datetime64(self):
# Make sure gradient() can handle special types like datetime64
x = np.array(
['1910-08-16', '1910-08-11', '1910-08-10', '1910-08-12',
'1910-10-12', '1910-12-12', '1912-12-12'],
dtype='datetime64[D]')
dx = np.array(
[-5, -3, 0, 31, 61, 396, 731],
dtype='timedelta64[D]')
assert_array_equal(gradient(x), dx)
assert_(dx.dtype == np.dtype('timedelta64[D]'))
def test_masked(self):
# Make sure that gradient supports subclasses like masked arrays
x = np.ma.array([[1, 1], [3, 4]],
mask=[[False, False], [False, False]])
out = gradient(x)[0]
assert_equal(type(out), type(x))
# And make sure that the output and input don't have aliased mask
# arrays
assert_(x._mask is not out._mask)
# Also check that edge_order=2 doesn't alter the original mask
x2 = np.ma.arange(5)
x2[2] = np.ma.masked
np.gradient(x2, edge_order=2)
assert_array_equal(x2.mask, [False, False, True, False, False])
def test_second_order_accurate(self):
# Testing that the relative numerical error is less that 3% for
# this example problem. This corresponds to second order
# accurate finite differences for all interior and boundary
# points.
x = np.linspace(0, 1, 10)
dx = x[1] - x[0]
y = 2 * x ** 3 + 4 * x ** 2 + 2 * x
analytical = 6 * x ** 2 + 8 * x + 2
num_error = np.abs((np.gradient(y, dx, edge_order=2) / analytical) - 1)
assert_(np.all(num_error < 0.03) == True)
# test with unevenly spaced
np.random.seed(0)
x = np.sort(np.random.random(10))
y = 2 * x ** 3 + 4 * x ** 2 + 2 * x
analytical = 6 * x ** 2 + 8 * x + 2
num_error = np.abs((np.gradient(y, x, edge_order=2) / analytical) - 1)
assert_(np.all(num_error < 0.03) == True)
def test_spacing(self):
f = np.array([0, 2., 3., 4., 5., 5.])
f = np.tile(f, (6,1)) + f.reshape(-1, 1)
x_uneven = np.array([0., 0.5, 1., 3., 5., 7.])
x_even = np.arange(6.)
fdx_even_ord1 = np.tile([2., 1.5, 1., 1., 0.5, 0.], (6,1))
fdx_even_ord2 = np.tile([2.5, 1.5, 1., 1., 0.5, -0.5], (6,1))
fdx_uneven_ord1 = np.tile([4., 3., 1.7, 0.5, 0.25, 0.], (6,1))
fdx_uneven_ord2 = np.tile([5., 3., 1.7, 0.5, 0.25, -0.25], (6,1))
# evenly spaced
for edge_order, exp_res in [(1, fdx_even_ord1), (2, fdx_even_ord2)]:
res1 = gradient(f, 1., axis=(0,1), edge_order=edge_order)
res2 = gradient(f, x_even, x_even,
axis=(0,1), edge_order=edge_order)
res3 = gradient(f, x_even, x_even,
axis=None, edge_order=edge_order)
assert_array_equal(res1, res2)
assert_array_equal(res2, res3)
assert_almost_equal(res1[0], exp_res.T)
assert_almost_equal(res1[1], exp_res)
res1 = gradient(f, 1., axis=0, edge_order=edge_order)
res2 = gradient(f, x_even, axis=0, edge_order=edge_order)
assert_(res1.shape == res2.shape)
assert_almost_equal(res2, exp_res.T)
res1 = gradient(f, 1., axis=1, edge_order=edge_order)
res2 = gradient(f, x_even, axis=1, edge_order=edge_order)
assert_(res1.shape == res2.shape)
assert_array_equal(res2, exp_res)
# unevenly spaced
for edge_order, exp_res in [(1, fdx_uneven_ord1), (2, fdx_uneven_ord2)]:
res1 = gradient(f, x_uneven, x_uneven,
axis=(0,1), edge_order=edge_order)
res2 = gradient(f, x_uneven, x_uneven,
axis=None, edge_order=edge_order)
assert_array_equal(res1, res2)
assert_almost_equal(res1[0], exp_res.T)
assert_almost_equal(res1[1], exp_res)
res1 = gradient(f, x_uneven, axis=0, edge_order=edge_order)
assert_almost_equal(res1, exp_res.T)
res1 = gradient(f, x_uneven, axis=1, edge_order=edge_order)
assert_almost_equal(res1, exp_res)
# mixed
res1 = gradient(f, x_even, x_uneven, axis=(0,1), edge_order=1)
res2 = gradient(f, x_uneven, x_even, axis=(1,0), edge_order=1)
assert_array_equal(res1[0], res2[1])
assert_array_equal(res1[1], res2[0])
assert_almost_equal(res1[0], fdx_even_ord1.T)
assert_almost_equal(res1[1], fdx_uneven_ord1)
res1 = gradient(f, x_even, x_uneven, axis=(0,1), edge_order=2)
res2 = gradient(f, x_uneven, x_even, axis=(1,0), edge_order=2)
assert_array_equal(res1[0], res2[1])
assert_array_equal(res1[1], res2[0])
assert_almost_equal(res1[0], fdx_even_ord2.T)
assert_almost_equal(res1[1], fdx_uneven_ord2)
def test_specific_axes(self):
# Testing that gradient can work on a given axis only
v = [[1, 1], [3, 4]]
x = np.array(v)
dx = [np.array([[2., 3.], [2., 3.]]),
np.array([[0., 0.], [1., 1.]])]
assert_array_equal(gradient(x, axis=0), dx[0])
assert_array_equal(gradient(x, axis=1), dx[1])
assert_array_equal(gradient(x, axis=-1), dx[1])
assert_array_equal(gradient(x, axis=(1, 0)), [dx[1], dx[0]])
# test axis=None which means all axes
assert_almost_equal(gradient(x, axis=None), [dx[0], dx[1]])
# and is the same as no axis keyword given
assert_almost_equal(gradient(x, axis=None), gradient(x))
# test vararg order
assert_array_equal(gradient(x, 2, 3, axis=(1, 0)),
[dx[1]/2.0, dx[0]/3.0])
# test maximal number of varargs
assert_raises(TypeError, gradient, x, 1, 2, axis=1)
assert_raises(np.AxisError, gradient, x, axis=3)
assert_raises(np.AxisError, gradient, x, axis=-3)
# assert_raises(TypeError, gradient, x, axis=[1,])
def test_timedelta64(self):
# Make sure gradient() can handle special types like timedelta64
x = np.array(
[-5, -3, 10, 12, 61, 321, 300],
dtype='timedelta64[D]')
dx = np.array(
[2, 7, 7, 25, 154, 119, -21],
dtype='timedelta64[D]')
assert_array_equal(gradient(x), dx)
assert_(dx.dtype == np.dtype('timedelta64[D]'))
def test_inexact_dtypes(self):
for dt in [np.float16, np.float32, np.float64]:
# dtypes should not be promoted in a different way to what diff does
x = np.array([1, 2, 3], dtype=dt)
assert_equal(gradient(x).dtype, np.diff(x).dtype)
def test_values(self):
# needs at least 2 points for edge_order ==1
gradient(np.arange(2), edge_order=1)
# needs at least 3 points for edge_order ==1
gradient(np.arange(3), edge_order=2)
assert_raises(ValueError, gradient, np.arange(0), edge_order=1)
assert_raises(ValueError, gradient, np.arange(0), edge_order=2)
assert_raises(ValueError, gradient, np.arange(1), edge_order=1)
assert_raises(ValueError, gradient, np.arange(1), edge_order=2)
assert_raises(ValueError, gradient, np.arange(2), edge_order=2)
@pytest.mark.parametrize('f_dtype', [np.uint8, np.uint16,
np.uint32, np.uint64])
def test_f_decreasing_unsigned_int(self, f_dtype):
f = np.array([5, 4, 3, 2, 1], dtype=f_dtype)
g = gradient(f)
assert_array_equal(g, [-1]*len(f))
@pytest.mark.parametrize('f_dtype', [np.int8, np.int16,
np.int32, np.int64])
def test_f_signed_int_big_jump(self, f_dtype):
maxint = np.iinfo(f_dtype).max
x = np.array([1, 3])
f = np.array([-1, maxint], dtype=f_dtype)
dfdx = gradient(f, x)
assert_array_equal(dfdx, [(maxint + 1) // 2]*2)
@pytest.mark.parametrize('x_dtype', [np.uint8, np.uint16,
np.uint32, np.uint64])
def test_x_decreasing_unsigned(self, x_dtype):
x = np.array([3, 2, 1], dtype=x_dtype)
f = np.array([0, 2, 4])
dfdx = gradient(f, x)
assert_array_equal(dfdx, [-2]*len(x))
@pytest.mark.parametrize('x_dtype', [np.int8, np.int16,
np.int32, np.int64])
def test_x_signed_int_big_jump(self, x_dtype):
minint = np.iinfo(x_dtype).min
maxint = np.iinfo(x_dtype).max
x = np.array([-1, maxint], dtype=x_dtype)
f = np.array([minint // 2, 0])
dfdx = gradient(f, x)
assert_array_equal(dfdx, [0.5, 0.5])
class TestAngle:
def test_basic(self):
x = [1 + 3j, np.sqrt(2) / 2.0 + 1j * np.sqrt(2) / 2,
1, 1j, -1, -1j, 1 - 3j, -1 + 3j]
y = angle(x)
yo = [
np.arctan(3.0 / 1.0),
np.arctan(1.0), 0, np.pi / 2, np.pi, -np.pi / 2.0,
-np.arctan(3.0 / 1.0), np.pi - np.arctan(3.0 / 1.0)]
z = angle(x, deg=True)
zo = np.array(yo) * 180 / np.pi
assert_array_almost_equal(y, yo, 11)
assert_array_almost_equal(z, zo, 11)
def test_subclass(self):
x = np.ma.array([1 + 3j, 1, np.sqrt(2)/2 * (1 + 1j)])
x[1] = np.ma.masked
expected = np.ma.array([np.arctan(3.0 / 1.0), 0, np.arctan(1.0)])
expected[1] = np.ma.masked
actual = angle(x)
assert_equal(type(actual), type(expected))
assert_equal(actual.mask, expected.mask)
assert_equal(actual, expected)
class TestTrimZeros:
"""
Only testing for integer splits.
"""
def test_basic(self):
a = np.array([0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 0])
res = trim_zeros(a)
assert_array_equal(res, np.array([1, 2, 3, 4]))
def test_leading_skip(self):
a = np.array([0, 0, 1, 0, 2, 3, 4, 0])
res = trim_zeros(a)
assert_array_equal(res, np.array([1, 0, 2, 3, 4]))
def test_trailing_skip(self):
a = np.array([0, 0, 1, 0, 2, 3, 0, 4, 0])
res = trim_zeros(a)
assert_array_equal(res, np.array([1, 0, 2, 3, 0, 4]))
class TestExtins:
def test_basic(self):
a = np.array([1, 3, 2, 1, 2, 3, 3])
b = extract(a > 1, a)
assert_array_equal(b, [3, 2, 2, 3, 3])
def test_place(self):
# Make sure that non-np.ndarray objects
# raise an error instead of doing nothing
assert_raises(TypeError, place, [1, 2, 3], [True, False], [0, 1])
a = np.array([1, 4, 3, 2, 5, 8, 7])
place(a, [0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0], [2, 4, 6])
assert_array_equal(a, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7])
place(a, np.zeros(7), [])
assert_array_equal(a, np.arange(1, 8))
place(a, [1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1], [8, 9])
assert_array_equal(a, [8, 2, 9, 4, 8, 6, 9])
assert_raises_regex(ValueError, "Cannot insert from an empty array",
lambda: place(a, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0], []))
# See Issue #6974
a = np.array(['12', '34'])
place(a, [0, 1], '9')
assert_array_equal(a, ['12', '9'])
def test_both(self):
a = rand(10)
mask = a > 0.5
ac = a.copy()
c = extract(mask, a)
place(a, mask, 0)
place(a, mask, c)
assert_array_equal(a, ac)
# _foo1 and _foo2 are used in some tests in TestVectorize.
def _foo1(x, y=1.0):
return y*math.floor(x)
def _foo2(x, y=1.0, z=0.0):
return y*math.floor(x) + z
class TestVectorize:
def test_simple(self):
def addsubtract(a, b):
if a > b:
return a - b
else:
return a + b
f = vectorize(addsubtract)
r = f([0, 3, 6, 9], [1, 3, 5, 7])
assert_array_equal(r, [1, 6, 1, 2])
def test_scalar(self):
def addsubtract(a, b):
if a > b:
return a - b
else:
return a + b
f = vectorize(addsubtract)
r = f([0, 3, 6, 9], 5)
assert_array_equal(r, [5, 8, 1, 4])
def test_large(self):
x = np.linspace(-3, 2, 10000)
f = vectorize(lambda x: x)
y = f(x)
assert_array_equal(y, x)
def test_ufunc(self):
f = vectorize(math.cos)
args = np.array([0, 0.5 * np.pi, np.pi, 1.5 * np.pi, 2 * np.pi])
r1 = f(args)
r2 = np.cos(args)
assert_array_almost_equal(r1, r2)
def test_keywords(self):
def foo(a, b=1):
return a + b
f = vectorize(foo)
args = np.array([1, 2, 3])
r1 = f(args)
r2 = np.array([2, 3, 4])
assert_array_equal(r1, r2)
r1 = f(args, 2)
r2 = np.array([3, 4, 5])
assert_array_equal(r1, r2)
def test_keywords_with_otypes_order1(self):
# gh-1620: The second call of f would crash with
# `ValueError: invalid number of arguments`.
f = vectorize(_foo1, otypes=[float])
# We're testing the caching of ufuncs by vectorize, so the order
# of these function calls is an important part of the test.
r1 = f(np.arange(3.0), 1.0)
r2 = f(np.arange(3.0))
assert_array_equal(r1, r2)
def test_keywords_with_otypes_order2(self):
# gh-1620: The second call of f would crash with
# `ValueError: non-broadcastable output operand with shape ()
# doesn't match the broadcast shape (3,)`.
f = vectorize(_foo1, otypes=[float])
# We're testing the caching of ufuncs by vectorize, so the order
# of these function calls is an important part of the test.
r1 = f(np.arange(3.0))
r2 = f(np.arange(3.0), 1.0)
assert_array_equal(r1, r2)
def test_keywords_with_otypes_order3(self):
# gh-1620: The third call of f would crash with
# `ValueError: invalid number of arguments`.
f = vectorize(_foo1, otypes=[float])
# We're testing the caching of ufuncs by vectorize, so the order
# of these function calls is an important part of the test.
r1 = f(np.arange(3.0))
r2 = f(np.arange(3.0), y=1.0)
r3 = f(np.arange(3.0))
assert_array_equal(r1, r2)
assert_array_equal(r1, r3)
def test_keywords_with_otypes_several_kwd_args1(self):
# gh-1620 Make sure different uses of keyword arguments
# don't break the vectorized function.
f = vectorize(_foo2, otypes=[float])
# We're testing the caching of ufuncs by vectorize, so the order
# of these function calls is an important part of the test.
r1 = f(10.4, z=100)
r2 = f(10.4, y=-1)
r3 = f(10.4)
assert_equal(r1, _foo2(10.4, z=100))
assert_equal(r2, _foo2(10.4, y=-1))
assert_equal(r3, _foo2(10.4))
def test_keywords_with_otypes_several_kwd_args2(self):
# gh-1620 Make sure different uses of keyword arguments
# don't break the vectorized function.
f = vectorize(_foo2, otypes=[float])
# We're testing the caching of ufuncs by vectorize, so the order
# of these function calls is an important part of the test.
r1 = f(z=100, x=10.4, y=-1)
r2 = f(1, 2, 3)
assert_equal(r1, _foo2(z=100, x=10.4, y=-1))
assert_equal(r2, _foo2(1, 2, 3))
def test_keywords_no_func_code(self):
# This needs to test a function that has keywords but
# no func_code attribute, since otherwise vectorize will
# inspect the func_code.
import random
try:
vectorize(random.randrange) # Should succeed
except Exception:
raise AssertionError()
def test_keywords2_ticket_2100(self):
# Test kwarg support: enhancement ticket 2100
def foo(a, b=1):
return a + b
f = vectorize(foo)
args = np.array([1, 2, 3])
r1 = f(a=args)
r2 = np.array([2, 3, 4])
assert_array_equal(r1, r2)
r1 = f(b=1, a=args)
assert_array_equal(r1, r2)
r1 = f(args, b=2)
r2 = np.array([3, 4, 5])
assert_array_equal(r1, r2)
def test_keywords3_ticket_2100(self):
# Test excluded with mixed positional and kwargs: ticket 2100
def mypolyval(x, p):
_p = list(p)
res = _p.pop(0)
while _p:
res = res * x + _p.pop(0)
return res
vpolyval = np.vectorize(mypolyval, excluded=['p', 1])
ans = [3, 6]
assert_array_equal(ans, vpolyval(x=[0, 1], p=[1, 2, 3]))
assert_array_equal(ans, vpolyval([0, 1], p=[1, 2, 3]))
assert_array_equal(ans, vpolyval([0, 1], [1, 2, 3]))
def test_keywords4_ticket_2100(self):
# Test vectorizing function with no positional args.
@vectorize
def f(**kw):
res = 1.0
for _k in kw:
res *= kw[_k]
return res
assert_array_equal(f(a=[1, 2], b=[3, 4]), [3, 8])
def test_keywords5_ticket_2100(self):
# Test vectorizing function with no kwargs args.
@vectorize
def f(*v):
return np.prod(v)
assert_array_equal(f([1, 2], [3, 4]), [3, 8])
def test_coverage1_ticket_2100(self):
def foo():
return 1
f = vectorize(foo)
assert_array_equal(f(), 1)
def test_assigning_docstring(self):
def foo(x):
"""Original documentation"""
return x
f = vectorize(foo)
assert_equal(f.__doc__, foo.__doc__)
doc = "Provided documentation"
f = vectorize(foo, doc=doc)
assert_equal(f.__doc__, doc)
def test_UnboundMethod_ticket_1156(self):
# Regression test for issue 1156
class Foo:
b = 2
def bar(self, a):
return a ** self.b
assert_array_equal(vectorize(Foo().bar)(np.arange(9)),
np.arange(9) ** 2)
assert_array_equal(vectorize(Foo.bar)(Foo(), np.arange(9)),
np.arange(9) ** 2)
def test_execution_order_ticket_1487(self):
# Regression test for dependence on execution order: issue 1487
f1 = vectorize(lambda x: x)
res1a = f1(np.arange(3))
res1b = f1(np.arange(0.1, 3))
f2 = vectorize(lambda x: x)
res2b = f2(np.arange(0.1, 3))
res2a = f2(np.arange(3))
assert_equal(res1a, res2a)
assert_equal(res1b, res2b)
def test_string_ticket_1892(self):
# Test vectorization over strings: issue 1892.
f = np.vectorize(lambda x: x)
s = '0123456789' * 10
assert_equal(s, f(s))
def test_cache(self):
# Ensure that vectorized func called exactly once per argument.
_calls = [0]
@vectorize
def f(x):
_calls[0] += 1
return x ** 2
f.cache = True
x = np.arange(5)
assert_array_equal(f(x), x * x)
assert_equal(_calls[0], len(x))
def test_otypes(self):
f = np.vectorize(lambda x: x)
f.otypes = 'i'
x = np.arange(5)
assert_array_equal(f(x), x)
def test_parse_gufunc_signature(self):
assert_equal(nfb._parse_gufunc_signature('(x)->()'), ([('x',)], [()]))
assert_equal(nfb._parse_gufunc_signature('(x,y)->()'),
([('x', 'y')], [()]))
assert_equal(nfb._parse_gufunc_signature('(x),(y)->()'),
([('x',), ('y',)], [()]))
assert_equal(nfb._parse_gufunc_signature('(x)->(y)'),
([('x',)], [('y',)]))
assert_equal(nfb._parse_gufunc_signature('(x)->(y),()'),
([('x',)], [('y',), ()]))
assert_equal(nfb._parse_gufunc_signature('(),(a,b,c),(d)->(d,e)'),
([(), ('a', 'b', 'c'), ('d',)], [('d', 'e')]))
with assert_raises(ValueError):
nfb._parse_gufunc_signature('(x)(y)->()')
with assert_raises(ValueError):
nfb._parse_gufunc_signature('(x),(y)->')
with assert_raises(ValueError):
nfb._parse_gufunc_signature('((x))->(x)')
def test_signature_simple(self):
def addsubtract(a, b):
if a > b:
return a - b
else:
return a + b
f = vectorize(addsubtract, signature='(),()->()')
r = f([0, 3, 6, 9], [1, 3, 5, 7])
assert_array_equal(r, [1, 6, 1, 2])
def test_signature_mean_last(self):
def mean(a):
return a.mean()
f = vectorize(mean, signature='(n)->()')
r = f([[1, 3], [2, 4]])
assert_array_equal(r, [2, 3])
def test_signature_center(self):
def center(a):
return a - a.mean()
f = vectorize(center, signature='(n)->(n)')
r = f([[1, 3], [2, 4]])
assert_array_equal(r, [[-1, 1], [-1, 1]])
def test_signature_two_outputs(self):
f = vectorize(lambda x: (x, x), signature='()->(),()')
r = f([1, 2, 3])
assert_(isinstance(r, tuple) and len(r) == 2)
assert_array_equal(r[0], [1, 2, 3])
assert_array_equal(r[1], [1, 2, 3])
def test_signature_outer(self):
f = vectorize(np.outer, signature='(a),(b)->(a,b)')
r = f([1, 2], [1, 2, 3])
assert_array_equal(r, [[1, 2, 3], [2, 4, 6]])
r = f([[[1, 2]]], [1, 2, 3])
assert_array_equal(r, [[[[1, 2, 3], [2, 4, 6]]]])
r = f([[1, 0], [2, 0]], [1, 2, 3])
assert_array_equal(r, [[[1, 2, 3], [0, 0, 0]],
[[2, 4, 6], [0, 0, 0]]])
r = f([1, 2], [[1, 2, 3], [0, 0, 0]])
assert_array_equal(r, [[[1, 2, 3], [2, 4, 6]],
[[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]]])
def test_signature_computed_size(self):
f = vectorize(lambda x: x[:-1], signature='(n)->(m)')
r = f([1, 2, 3])
assert_array_equal(r, [1, 2])
r = f([[1, 2, 3], [2, 3, 4]])
assert_array_equal(r, [[1, 2], [2, 3]])
def test_signature_excluded(self):
def foo(a, b=1):
return a + b
f = vectorize(foo, signature='()->()', excluded={'b'})
assert_array_equal(f([1, 2, 3]), [2, 3, 4])
assert_array_equal(f([1, 2, 3], b=0), [1, 2, 3])
def test_signature_otypes(self):
f = vectorize(lambda x: x, signature='(n)->(n)', otypes=['float64'])
r = f([1, 2, 3])
assert_equal(r.dtype, np.dtype('float64'))
assert_array_equal(r, [1, 2, 3])
def test_signature_invalid_inputs(self):
f = vectorize(operator.add, signature='(n),(n)->(n)')
with assert_raises_regex(TypeError, 'wrong number of positional'):
f([1, 2])
with assert_raises_regex(
ValueError, 'does not have enough dimensions'):
f(1, 2)
with assert_raises_regex(
ValueError, 'inconsistent size for core dimension'):
f([1, 2], [1, 2, 3])
f = vectorize(operator.add, signature='()->()')
with assert_raises_regex(TypeError, 'wrong number of positional'):
f(1, 2)
def test_signature_invalid_outputs(self):
f = vectorize(lambda x: x[:-1], signature='(n)->(n)')
with assert_raises_regex(
ValueError, 'inconsistent size for core dimension'):
f([1, 2, 3])
f = vectorize(lambda x: x, signature='()->(),()')
with assert_raises_regex(ValueError, 'wrong number of outputs'):
f(1)
f = vectorize(lambda x: (x, x), signature='()->()')
with assert_raises_regex(ValueError, 'wrong number of outputs'):
f([1, 2])
def test_size_zero_output(self):
# see issue 5868
f = np.vectorize(lambda x: x)
x = np.zeros([0, 5], dtype=int)
with assert_raises_regex(ValueError, 'otypes'):
f(x)
f.otypes = 'i'
assert_array_equal(f(x), x)
f = np.vectorize(lambda x: x, signature='()->()')
with assert_raises_regex(ValueError, 'otypes'):
f(x)
f = np.vectorize(lambda x: x, signature='()->()', otypes='i')
assert_array_equal(f(x), x)
f = np.vectorize(lambda x: x, signature='(n)->(n)', otypes='i')
assert_array_equal(f(x), x)
f = np.vectorize(lambda x: x, signature='(n)->(n)')
assert_array_equal(f(x.T), x.T)
f = np.vectorize(lambda x: [x], signature='()->(n)', otypes='i')
with assert_raises_regex(ValueError, 'new output dimensions'):
f(x)
class TestLeaks:
class A:
iters = 20
def bound(self, *args):
return 0
@staticmethod
def unbound(*args):
return 0
@pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_REFCOUNT, reason="Python lacks refcounts")
@pytest.mark.parametrize('name, incr', [
('bound', A.iters),
('unbound', 0),
])
def test_frompyfunc_leaks(self, name, incr):
# exposed in gh-11867 as np.vectorized, but the problem stems from
# frompyfunc.
# class.attribute = np.frompyfunc(<method>) creates a
# reference cycle if <method> is a bound class method. It requires a
# gc collection cycle to break the cycle (on CPython 3)
import gc
A_func = getattr(self.A, name)
gc.disable()
try:
refcount = sys.getrefcount(A_func)
for i in range(self.A.iters):
a = self.A()
a.f = np.frompyfunc(getattr(a, name), 1, 1)
out = a.f(np.arange(10))
a = None
# A.func is part of a reference cycle if incr is non-zero
assert_equal(sys.getrefcount(A_func), refcount + incr)
for i in range(5):
gc.collect()
assert_equal(sys.getrefcount(A_func), refcount)
finally:
gc.enable()
class TestDigitize:
def test_forward(self):
x = np.arange(-6, 5)
bins = np.arange(-5, 5)
assert_array_equal(digitize(x, bins), np.arange(11))
def test_reverse(self):
x = np.arange(5, -6, -1)
bins = np.arange(5, -5, -1)
assert_array_equal(digitize(x, bins), np.arange(11))
def test_random(self):
x = rand(10)
bin = np.linspace(x.min(), x.max(), 10)
assert_(np.all(digitize(x, bin) != 0))
def test_right_basic(self):
x = [1, 5, 4, 10, 8, 11, 0]
bins = [1, 5, 10]
default_answer = [1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 3, 0]
assert_array_equal(digitize(x, bins), default_answer)
right_answer = [0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 0]
assert_array_equal(digitize(x, bins, True), right_answer)
def test_right_open(self):
x = np.arange(-6, 5)
bins = np.arange(-6, 4)
assert_array_equal(digitize(x, bins, True), np.arange(11))
def test_right_open_reverse(self):
x = np.arange(5, -6, -1)
bins = np.arange(4, -6, -1)
assert_array_equal(digitize(x, bins, True), np.arange(11))
def test_right_open_random(self):
x = rand(10)
bins = np.linspace(x.min(), x.max(), 10)
assert_(np.all(digitize(x, bins, True) != 10))
def test_monotonic(self):
x = [-1, 0, 1, 2]
bins = [0, 0, 1]
assert_array_equal(digitize(x, bins, False), [0, 2, 3, 3])
assert_array_equal(digitize(x, bins, True), [0, 0, 2, 3])
bins = [1, 1, 0]
assert_array_equal(digitize(x, bins, False), [3, 2, 0, 0])
assert_array_equal(digitize(x, bins, True), [3, 3, 2, 0])
bins = [1, 1, 1, 1]
assert_array_equal(digitize(x, bins, False), [0, 0, 4, 4])
assert_array_equal(digitize(x, bins, True), [0, 0, 0, 4])
bins = [0, 0, 1, 0]
assert_raises(ValueError, digitize, x, bins)
bins = [1, 1, 0, 1]
assert_raises(ValueError, digitize, x, bins)
def test_casting_error(self):
x = [1, 2, 3 + 1.j]
bins = [1, 2, 3]
assert_raises(TypeError, digitize, x, bins)
x, bins = bins, x
assert_raises(TypeError, digitize, x, bins)
def test_return_type(self):
# Functions returning indices should always return base ndarrays
class A(np.ndarray):
pass
a = np.arange(5).view(A)
b = np.arange(1, 3).view(A)
assert_(not isinstance(digitize(b, a, False), A))
assert_(not isinstance(digitize(b, a, True), A))
def test_large_integers_increasing(self):
# gh-11022
x = 2**54 # loses precision in a float
assert_equal(np.digitize(x, [x - 1, x + 1]), 1)
@pytest.mark.xfail(
reason="gh-11022: np.core.multiarray._monoticity loses precision")
def test_large_integers_decreasing(self):
# gh-11022
x = 2**54 # loses precision in a float
assert_equal(np.digitize(x, [x + 1, x - 1]), 1)
class TestUnwrap:
def test_simple(self):
# check that unwrap removes jumps greater that 2*pi
assert_array_equal(unwrap([1, 1 + 2 * np.pi]), [1, 1])
# check that unwrap maintains continuity
assert_(np.all(diff(unwrap(rand(10) * 100)) < np.pi))
class TestFilterwindows:
def test_hanning(self):
# check symmetry
w = hanning(10)
assert_array_almost_equal(w, flipud(w), 7)
# check known value
assert_almost_equal(np.sum(w, axis=0), 4.500, 4)
def test_hamming(self):
# check symmetry
w = hamming(10)
assert_array_almost_equal(w, flipud(w), 7)
# check known value
assert_almost_equal(np.sum(w, axis=0), 4.9400, 4)
def test_bartlett(self):
# check symmetry
w = bartlett(10)
assert_array_almost_equal(w, flipud(w), 7)
# check known value
assert_almost_equal(np.sum(w, axis=0), 4.4444, 4)
def test_blackman(self):
# check symmetry
w = blackman(10)
assert_array_almost_equal(w, flipud(w), 7)
# check known value
assert_almost_equal(np.sum(w, axis=0), 3.7800, 4)
class TestTrapz:
def test_simple(self):
x = np.arange(-10, 10, .1)
r = trapz(np.exp(-.5 * x ** 2) / np.sqrt(2 * np.pi), dx=0.1)
# check integral of normal equals 1
assert_almost_equal(r, 1, 7)
def test_ndim(self):
x = np.linspace(0, 1, 3)
y = np.linspace(0, 2, 8)
z = np.linspace(0, 3, 13)
wx = np.ones_like(x) * (x[1] - x[0])
wx[0] /= 2
wx[-1] /= 2
wy = np.ones_like(y) * (y[1] - y[0])
wy[0] /= 2
wy[-1] /= 2
wz = np.ones_like(z) * (z[1] - z[0])
wz[0] /= 2
wz[-1] /= 2
q = x[:, None, None] + y[None,:, None] + z[None, None,:]
qx = (q * wx[:, None, None]).sum(axis=0)
qy = (q * wy[None, :, None]).sum(axis=1)
qz = (q * wz[None, None, :]).sum(axis=2)
# n-d `x`
r = trapz(q, x=x[:, None, None], axis=0)
assert_almost_equal(r, qx)
r = trapz(q, x=y[None,:, None], axis=1)
assert_almost_equal(r, qy)
r = trapz(q, x=z[None, None,:], axis=2)
assert_almost_equal(r, qz)
# 1-d `x`
r = trapz(q, x=x, axis=0)
assert_almost_equal(r, qx)
r = trapz(q, x=y, axis=1)
assert_almost_equal(r, qy)
r = trapz(q, x=z, axis=2)
assert_almost_equal(r, qz)
def test_masked(self):
# Testing that masked arrays behave as if the function is 0 where
# masked
x = np.arange(5)
y = x * x
mask = x == 2
ym = np.ma.array(y, mask=mask)
r = 13.0 # sum(0.5 * (0 + 1) * 1.0 + 0.5 * (9 + 16))
assert_almost_equal(trapz(ym, x), r)
xm = np.ma.array(x, mask=mask)
assert_almost_equal(trapz(ym, xm), r)
xm = np.ma.array(x, mask=mask)
assert_almost_equal(trapz(y, xm), r)
class TestSinc:
def test_simple(self):
assert_(sinc(0) == 1)
w = sinc(np.linspace(-1, 1, 100))
# check symmetry
assert_array_almost_equal(w, flipud(w), 7)
def test_array_like(self):
x = [0, 0.5]
y1 = sinc(np.array(x))
y2 = sinc(list(x))
y3 = sinc(tuple(x))
assert_array_equal(y1, y2)
assert_array_equal(y1, y3)
class TestUnique:
def test_simple(self):
x = np.array([4, 3, 2, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 0])
assert_(np.all(unique(x) == [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]))
assert_(unique(np.array([1, 1, 1, 1, 1])) == np.array([1]))
x = ['widget', 'ham', 'foo', 'bar', 'foo', 'ham']
assert_(np.all(unique(x) == ['bar', 'foo', 'ham', 'widget']))
x = np.array([5 + 6j, 1 + 1j, 1 + 10j, 10, 5 + 6j])
assert_(np.all(unique(x) == [1 + 1j, 1 + 10j, 5 + 6j, 10]))
class TestCheckFinite:
def test_simple(self):
a = [1, 2, 3]
b = [1, 2, np.inf]
c = [1, 2, np.nan]
np.lib.asarray_chkfinite(a)
assert_raises(ValueError, np.lib.asarray_chkfinite, b)
assert_raises(ValueError, np.lib.asarray_chkfinite, c)
def test_dtype_order(self):
# Regression test for missing dtype and order arguments
a = [1, 2, 3]
a = np.lib.asarray_chkfinite(a, order='F', dtype=np.float64)
assert_(a.dtype == np.float64)
class TestCorrCoef:
A = np.array(
[[0.15391142, 0.18045767, 0.14197213],
[0.70461506, 0.96474128, 0.27906989],
[0.9297531, 0.32296769, 0.19267156]])
B = np.array(
[[0.10377691, 0.5417086, 0.49807457],
[0.82872117, 0.77801674, 0.39226705],
[0.9314666, 0.66800209, 0.03538394]])
res1 = np.array(
[[1., 0.9379533, -0.04931983],
[0.9379533, 1., 0.30007991],
[-0.04931983, 0.30007991, 1.]])
res2 = np.array(
[[1., 0.9379533, -0.04931983, 0.30151751, 0.66318558, 0.51532523],
[0.9379533, 1., 0.30007991, -0.04781421, 0.88157256, 0.78052386],
[-0.04931983, 0.30007991, 1., -0.96717111, 0.71483595, 0.83053601],
[0.30151751, -0.04781421, -0.96717111, 1., -0.51366032, -0.66173113],
[0.66318558, 0.88157256, 0.71483595, -0.51366032, 1., 0.98317823],
[0.51532523, 0.78052386, 0.83053601, -0.66173113, 0.98317823, 1.]])
def test_non_array(self):
assert_almost_equal(np.corrcoef([0, 1, 0], [1, 0, 1]),
[[1., -1.], [-1., 1.]])
def test_simple(self):
tgt1 = corrcoef(self.A)
assert_almost_equal(tgt1, self.res1)
assert_(np.all(np.abs(tgt1) <= 1.0))
tgt2 = corrcoef(self.A, self.B)
assert_almost_equal(tgt2, self.res2)
assert_(np.all(np.abs(tgt2) <= 1.0))
def test_ddof(self):
# ddof raises DeprecationWarning
with suppress_warnings() as sup:
warnings.simplefilter("always")
assert_warns(DeprecationWarning, corrcoef, self.A, ddof=-1)
sup.filter(DeprecationWarning)
# ddof has no or negligible effect on the function
assert_almost_equal(corrcoef(self.A, ddof=-1), self.res1)
assert_almost_equal(corrcoef(self.A, self.B, ddof=-1), self.res2)
assert_almost_equal(corrcoef(self.A, ddof=3), self.res1)
assert_almost_equal(corrcoef(self.A, self.B, ddof=3), self.res2)
def test_bias(self):
# bias raises DeprecationWarning
with suppress_warnings() as sup:
warnings.simplefilter("always")
assert_warns(DeprecationWarning, corrcoef, self.A, self.B, 1, 0)
assert_warns(DeprecationWarning, corrcoef, self.A, bias=0)
sup.filter(DeprecationWarning)
# bias has no or negligible effect on the function
assert_almost_equal(corrcoef(self.A, bias=1), self.res1)
def test_complex(self):
x = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [1j, 2j, 3j]])
res = corrcoef(x)
tgt = np.array([[1., -1.j], [1.j, 1.]])
assert_allclose(res, tgt)
assert_(np.all(np.abs(res) <= 1.0))
def test_xy(self):
x = np.array([[1, 2, 3]])
y = np.array([[1j, 2j, 3j]])
assert_allclose(np.corrcoef(x, y), np.array([[1., -1.j], [1.j, 1.]]))
def test_empty(self):
with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True):
warnings.simplefilter('always', RuntimeWarning)
assert_array_equal(corrcoef(np.array([])), np.nan)
assert_array_equal(corrcoef(np.array([]).reshape(0, 2)),
np.array([]).reshape(0, 0))
assert_array_equal(corrcoef(np.array([]).reshape(2, 0)),
np.array([[np.nan, np.nan], [np.nan, np.nan]]))
def test_extreme(self):
x = [[1e-100, 1e100], [1e100, 1e-100]]
with np.errstate(all='raise'):
c = corrcoef(x)
assert_array_almost_equal(c, np.array([[1., -1.], [-1., 1.]]))
assert_(np.all(np.abs(c) <= 1.0))
class TestCov:
x1 = np.array([[0, 2], [1, 1], [2, 0]]).T
res1 = np.array([[1., -1.], [-1., 1.]])
x2 = np.array([0.0, 1.0, 2.0], ndmin=2)
frequencies = np.array([1, 4, 1])
x2_repeats = np.array([[0.0], [1.0], [1.0], [1.0], [1.0], [2.0]]).T
res2 = np.array([[0.4, -0.4], [-0.4, 0.4]])
unit_frequencies = np.ones(3, dtype=np.int_)
weights = np.array([1.0, 4.0, 1.0])
res3 = np.array([[2. / 3., -2. / 3.], [-2. / 3., 2. / 3.]])
unit_weights = np.ones(3)
x3 = np.array([0.3942, 0.5969, 0.7730, 0.9918, 0.7964])
def test_basic(self):
assert_allclose(cov(self.x1), self.res1)
def test_complex(self):
x = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [1j, 2j, 3j]])
res = np.array([[1., -1.j], [1.j, 1.]])
assert_allclose(cov(x), res)
assert_allclose(cov(x, aweights=np.ones(3)), res)
def test_xy(self):
x = np.array([[1, 2, 3]])
y = np.array([[1j, 2j, 3j]])
assert_allclose(cov(x, y), np.array([[1., -1.j], [1.j, 1.]]))
def test_empty(self):
with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True):
warnings.simplefilter('always', RuntimeWarning)
assert_array_equal(cov(np.array([])), np.nan)
assert_array_equal(cov(np.array([]).reshape(0, 2)),
np.array([]).reshape(0, 0))
assert_array_equal(cov(np.array([]).reshape(2, 0)),
np.array([[np.nan, np.nan], [np.nan, np.nan]]))
def test_wrong_ddof(self):
with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True):
warnings.simplefilter('always', RuntimeWarning)
assert_array_equal(cov(self.x1, ddof=5),
np.array([[np.inf, -np.inf],
[-np.inf, np.inf]]))
def test_1D_rowvar(self):
assert_allclose(cov(self.x3), cov(self.x3, rowvar=False))
y = np.array([0.0780, 0.3107, 0.2111, 0.0334, 0.8501])
assert_allclose(cov(self.x3, y), cov(self.x3, y, rowvar=False))
def test_1D_variance(self):
assert_allclose(cov(self.x3, ddof=1), np.var(self.x3, ddof=1))
def test_fweights(self):
assert_allclose(cov(self.x2, fweights=self.frequencies),
cov(self.x2_repeats))
assert_allclose(cov(self.x1, fweights=self.frequencies),
self.res2)
assert_allclose(cov(self.x1, fweights=self.unit_frequencies),
self.res1)
nonint = self.frequencies + 0.5
assert_raises(TypeError, cov, self.x1, fweights=nonint)
f = np.ones((2, 3), dtype=np.int_)
assert_raises(RuntimeError, cov, self.x1, fweights=f)
f = np.ones(2, dtype=np.int_)
assert_raises(RuntimeError, cov, self.x1, fweights=f)
f = -1 * np.ones(3, dtype=np.int_)
assert_raises(ValueError, cov, self.x1, fweights=f)
def test_aweights(self):
assert_allclose(cov(self.x1, aweights=self.weights), self.res3)
assert_allclose(cov(self.x1, aweights=3.0 * self.weights),
cov(self.x1, aweights=self.weights))
assert_allclose(cov(self.x1, aweights=self.unit_weights), self.res1)
w = np.ones((2, 3))
assert_raises(RuntimeError, cov, self.x1, aweights=w)
w = np.ones(2)
assert_raises(RuntimeError, cov, self.x1, aweights=w)
w = -1.0 * np.ones(3)
assert_raises(ValueError, cov, self.x1, aweights=w)
def test_unit_fweights_and_aweights(self):
assert_allclose(cov(self.x2, fweights=self.frequencies,
aweights=self.unit_weights),
cov(self.x2_repeats))
assert_allclose(cov(self.x1, fweights=self.frequencies,
aweights=self.unit_weights),
self.res2)
assert_allclose(cov(self.x1, fweights=self.unit_frequencies,
aweights=self.unit_weights),
self.res1)
assert_allclose(cov(self.x1, fweights=self.unit_frequencies,
aweights=self.weights),
self.res3)
assert_allclose(cov(self.x1, fweights=self.unit_frequencies,
aweights=3.0 * self.weights),
cov(self.x1, aweights=self.weights))
assert_allclose(cov(self.x1, fweights=self.unit_frequencies,
aweights=self.unit_weights),
self.res1)
class Test_I0:
def test_simple(self):
assert_almost_equal(
i0(0.5),
np.array(1.0634833707413234))
A = np.array([0.49842636, 0.6969809, 0.22011976, 0.0155549])
expected = np.array([1.06307822, 1.12518299, 1.01214991, 1.00006049])
assert_almost_equal(i0(A), expected)
assert_almost_equal(i0(-A), expected)
B = np.array([[0.827002, 0.99959078],
[0.89694769, 0.39298162],
[0.37954418, 0.05206293],
[0.36465447, 0.72446427],
[0.48164949, 0.50324519]])
assert_almost_equal(
i0(B),
np.array([[1.17843223, 1.26583466],
[1.21147086, 1.03898290],
[1.03633899, 1.00067775],
[1.03352052, 1.13557954],
[1.05884290, 1.06432317]]))
# Regression test for gh-11205
i0_0 = np.i0([0.])
assert_equal(i0_0.shape, (1,))
assert_array_equal(np.i0([0.]), np.array([1.]))
def test_non_array(self):
a = np.arange(4)
class array_like:
__array_interface__ = a.__array_interface__
def __array_wrap__(self, arr):
return self
# E.g. pandas series survive ufunc calls through array-wrap:
assert isinstance(np.abs(array_like()), array_like)
exp = np.i0(a)
res = np.i0(array_like())
assert_array_equal(exp, res)
class TestKaiser:
def test_simple(self):
assert_(np.isfinite(kaiser(1, 1.0)))
assert_almost_equal(kaiser(0, 1.0),
np.array([]))
assert_almost_equal(kaiser(2, 1.0),
np.array([0.78984831, 0.78984831]))
assert_almost_equal(kaiser(5, 1.0),
np.array([0.78984831, 0.94503323, 1.,
0.94503323, 0.78984831]))
assert_almost_equal(kaiser(5, 1.56789),
np.array([0.58285404, 0.88409679, 1.,
0.88409679, 0.58285404]))
def test_int_beta(self):
kaiser(3, 4)
class TestMsort:
def test_simple(self):
A = np.array([[0.44567325, 0.79115165, 0.54900530],
[0.36844147, 0.37325583, 0.96098397],
[0.64864341, 0.52929049, 0.39172155]])
assert_almost_equal(
msort(A),
np.array([[0.36844147, 0.37325583, 0.39172155],
[0.44567325, 0.52929049, 0.54900530],
[0.64864341, 0.79115165, 0.96098397]]))
class TestMeshgrid:
def test_simple(self):
[X, Y] = meshgrid([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7])
assert_array_equal(X, np.array([[1, 2, 3],
[1, 2, 3],
[1, 2, 3],
[1, 2, 3]]))
assert_array_equal(Y, np.array([[4, 4, 4],
[5, 5, 5],
[6, 6, 6],
[7, 7, 7]]))
def test_single_input(self):
[X] = meshgrid([1, 2, 3, 4])
assert_array_equal(X, np.array([1, 2, 3, 4]))
def test_no_input(self):
args = []
assert_array_equal([], meshgrid(*args))
assert_array_equal([], meshgrid(*args, copy=False))
def test_indexing(self):
x = [1, 2, 3]
y = [4, 5, 6, 7]
[X, Y] = meshgrid(x, y, indexing='ij')
assert_array_equal(X, np.array([[1, 1, 1, 1],
[2, 2, 2, 2],
[3, 3, 3, 3]]))
assert_array_equal(Y, np.array([[4, 5, 6, 7],
[4, 5, 6, 7],
[4, 5, 6, 7]]))
# Test expected shapes:
z = [8, 9]
assert_(meshgrid(x, y)[0].shape == (4, 3))
assert_(meshgrid(x, y, indexing='ij')[0].shape == (3, 4))
assert_(meshgrid(x, y, z)[0].shape == (4, 3, 2))
assert_(meshgrid(x, y, z, indexing='ij')[0].shape == (3, 4, 2))
assert_raises(ValueError, meshgrid, x, y, indexing='notvalid')
def test_sparse(self):
[X, Y] = meshgrid([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7], sparse=True)
assert_array_equal(X, np.array([[1, 2, 3]]))
assert_array_equal(Y, np.array([[4], [5], [6], [7]]))
def test_invalid_arguments(self):
# Test that meshgrid complains about invalid arguments
# Regression test for issue #4755:
# https://github.com/numpy/numpy/issues/4755
assert_raises(TypeError, meshgrid,
[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7], indices='ij')
def test_return_type(self):
# Test for appropriate dtype in returned arrays.
# Regression test for issue #5297
# https://github.com/numpy/numpy/issues/5297
x = np.arange(0, 10, dtype=np.float32)
y = np.arange(10, 20, dtype=np.float64)
X, Y = np.meshgrid(x,y)
assert_(X.dtype == x.dtype)
assert_(Y.dtype == y.dtype)
# copy
X, Y = np.meshgrid(x,y, copy=True)
assert_(X.dtype == x.dtype)
assert_(Y.dtype == y.dtype)
# sparse
X, Y = np.meshgrid(x,y, sparse=True)
assert_(X.dtype == x.dtype)
assert_(Y.dtype == y.dtype)
def test_writeback(self):
# Issue 8561
X = np.array([1.1, 2.2])
Y = np.array([3.3, 4.4])
x, y = np.meshgrid(X, Y, sparse=False, copy=True)
x[0, :] = 0
assert_equal(x[0, :], 0)
assert_equal(x[1, :], X)
class TestPiecewise:
def test_simple(self):
# Condition is single bool list
x = piecewise([0, 0], [True, False], [1])
assert_array_equal(x, [1, 0])
# List of conditions: single bool list
x = piecewise([0, 0], [[True, False]], [1])
assert_array_equal(x, [1, 0])
# Conditions is single bool array
x = piecewise([0, 0], np.array([True, False]), [1])
assert_array_equal(x, [1, 0])
# Condition is single int array
x = piecewise([0, 0], np.array([1, 0]), [1])
assert_array_equal(x, [1, 0])
# List of conditions: int array
x = piecewise([0, 0], [np.array([1, 0])], [1])
assert_array_equal(x, [1, 0])
x = piecewise([0, 0], [[False, True]], [lambda x:-1])
assert_array_equal(x, [0, -1])
assert_raises_regex(ValueError, '1 or 2 functions are expected',
piecewise, [0, 0], [[False, True]], [])
assert_raises_regex(ValueError, '1 or 2 functions are expected',
piecewise, [0, 0], [[False, True]], [1, 2, 3])
def test_two_conditions(self):
x = piecewise([1, 2], [[True, False], [False, True]], [3, 4])
assert_array_equal(x, [3, 4])
def test_scalar_domains_three_conditions(self):
x = piecewise(3, [True, False, False], [4, 2, 0])
assert_equal(x, 4)
def test_default(self):
# No value specified for x[1], should be 0
x = piecewise([1, 2], [True, False], [2])
assert_array_equal(x, [2, 0])
# Should set x[1] to 3
x = piecewise([1, 2], [True, False], [2, 3])
assert_array_equal(x, [2, 3])
def test_0d(self):
x = np.array(3)
y = piecewise(x, x > 3, [4, 0])
assert_(y.ndim == 0)
assert_(y == 0)
x = 5
y = piecewise(x, [True, False], [1, 0])
assert_(y.ndim == 0)
assert_(y == 1)
# With 3 ranges (It was failing, before)
y = piecewise(x, [False, False, True], [1, 2, 3])
assert_array_equal(y, 3)
def test_0d_comparison(self):
x = 3
y = piecewise(x, [x <= 3, x > 3], [4, 0]) # Should succeed.
assert_equal(y, 4)
# With 3 ranges (It was failing, before)
x = 4
y = piecewise(x, [x <= 3, (x > 3) * (x <= 5), x > 5], [1, 2, 3])
assert_array_equal(y, 2)
assert_raises_regex(ValueError, '2 or 3 functions are expected',
piecewise, x, [x <= 3, x > 3], [1])
assert_raises_regex(ValueError, '2 or 3 functions are expected',
piecewise, x, [x <= 3, x > 3], [1, 1, 1, 1])
def test_0d_0d_condition(self):
x = np.array(3)
c = np.array(x > 3)
y = piecewise(x, [c], [1, 2])
assert_equal(y, 2)
def test_multidimensional_extrafunc(self):
x = np.array([[-2.5, -1.5, -0.5],
[0.5, 1.5, 2.5]])
y = piecewise(x, [x < 0, x >= 2], [-1, 1, 3])
assert_array_equal(y, np.array([[-1., -1., -1.],
[3., 3., 1.]]))
class TestBincount:
def test_simple(self):
y = np.bincount(np.arange(4))
assert_array_equal(y, np.ones(4))
def test_simple2(self):
y = np.bincount(np.array([1, 5, 2, 4, 1]))
assert_array_equal(y, np.array([0, 2, 1, 0, 1, 1]))
def test_simple_weight(self):
x = np.arange(4)
w = np.array([0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 0.1])
y = np.bincount(x, w)
assert_array_equal(y, w)
def test_simple_weight2(self):
x = np.array([1, 2, 4, 5, 2])
w = np.array([0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 0.1, 0.2])
y = np.bincount(x, w)
assert_array_equal(y, np.array([0, 0.2, 0.5, 0, 0.5, 0.1]))
def test_with_minlength(self):
x = np.array([0, 1, 0, 1, 1])
y = np.bincount(x, minlength=3)
assert_array_equal(y, np.array([2, 3, 0]))
x = []
y = np.bincount(x, minlength=0)
assert_array_equal(y, np.array([]))
def test_with_minlength_smaller_than_maxvalue(self):
x = np.array([0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3])
y = np.bincount(x, minlength=2)
assert_array_equal(y, np.array([1, 2, 2, 2]))
y = np.bincount(x, minlength=0)
assert_array_equal(y, np.array([1, 2, 2, 2]))
def test_with_minlength_and_weights(self):
x = np.array([1, 2, 4, 5, 2])
w = np.array([0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 0.1, 0.2])
y = np.bincount(x, w, 8)
assert_array_equal(y, np.array([0, 0.2, 0.5, 0, 0.5, 0.1, 0, 0]))
def test_empty(self):
x = np.array([], dtype=int)
y = np.bincount(x)
assert_array_equal(x, y)
def test_empty_with_minlength(self):
x = np.array([], dtype=int)
y = np.bincount(x, minlength=5)
assert_array_equal(y, np.zeros(5, dtype=int))
def test_with_incorrect_minlength(self):
x = np.array([], dtype=int)
assert_raises_regex(TypeError,
"'str' object cannot be interpreted",
lambda: np.bincount(x, minlength="foobar"))
assert_raises_regex(ValueError,
"must not be negative",
lambda: np.bincount(x, minlength=-1))
x = np.arange(5)
assert_raises_regex(TypeError,
"'str' object cannot be interpreted",
lambda: np.bincount(x, minlength="foobar"))
assert_raises_regex(ValueError,
"must not be negative",
lambda: np.bincount(x, minlength=-1))
@pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_REFCOUNT, reason="Python lacks refcounts")
def test_dtype_reference_leaks(self):
# gh-6805
intp_refcount = sys.getrefcount(np.dtype(np.intp))
double_refcount = sys.getrefcount(np.dtype(np.double))
for j in range(10):
np.bincount([1, 2, 3])
assert_equal(sys.getrefcount(np.dtype(np.intp)), intp_refcount)
assert_equal(sys.getrefcount(np.dtype(np.double)), double_refcount)
for j in range(10):
np.bincount([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6])
assert_equal(sys.getrefcount(np.dtype(np.intp)), intp_refcount)
assert_equal(sys.getrefcount(np.dtype(np.double)), double_refcount)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("vals", [[[2, 2]], 2])
def test_error_not_1d(self, vals):
# Test that values has to be 1-D (both as array and nested list)
vals_arr = np.asarray(vals)
with assert_raises(ValueError):
np.bincount(vals_arr)
with assert_raises(ValueError):
np.bincount(vals)
class TestInterp:
def test_exceptions(self):
assert_raises(ValueError, interp, 0, [], [])
assert_raises(ValueError, interp, 0, [0], [1, 2])
assert_raises(ValueError, interp, 0, [0, 1], [1, 2], period=0)
assert_raises(ValueError, interp, 0, [], [], period=360)
assert_raises(ValueError, interp, 0, [0], [1, 2], period=360)
def test_basic(self):
x = np.linspace(0, 1, 5)
y = np.linspace(0, 1, 5)
x0 = np.linspace(0, 1, 50)
assert_almost_equal(np.interp(x0, x, y), x0)
def test_right_left_behavior(self):
# Needs range of sizes to test different code paths.
# size ==1 is special cased, 1 < size < 5 is linear search, and
# size >= 5 goes through local search and possibly binary search.
for size in range(1, 10):
xp = np.arange(size, dtype=np.double)
yp = np.ones(size, dtype=np.double)
incpts = np.array([-1, 0, size - 1, size], dtype=np.double)
decpts = incpts[::-1]
incres = interp(incpts, xp, yp)
decres = interp(decpts, xp, yp)
inctgt = np.array([1, 1, 1, 1], dtype=float)
dectgt = inctgt[::-1]
assert_equal(incres, inctgt)
assert_equal(decres, dectgt)
incres = interp(incpts, xp, yp, left=0)
decres = interp(decpts, xp, yp, left=0)
inctgt = np.array([0, 1, 1, 1], dtype=float)
dectgt = inctgt[::-1]
assert_equal(incres, inctgt)
assert_equal(decres, dectgt)
incres = interp(incpts, xp, yp, right=2)
decres = interp(decpts, xp, yp, right=2)
inctgt = np.array([1, 1, 1, 2], dtype=float)
dectgt = inctgt[::-1]
assert_equal(incres, inctgt)
assert_equal(decres, dectgt)
incres = interp(incpts, xp, yp, left=0, right=2)
decres = interp(decpts, xp, yp, left=0, right=2)
inctgt = np.array([0, 1, 1, 2], dtype=float)
dectgt = inctgt[::-1]
assert_equal(incres, inctgt)
assert_equal(decres, dectgt)
def test_scalar_interpolation_point(self):
x = np.linspace(0, 1, 5)
y = np.linspace(0, 1, 5)
x0 = 0
assert_almost_equal(np.interp(x0, x, y), x0)
x0 = .3
assert_almost_equal(np.interp(x0, x, y), x0)
x0 = np.float32(.3)
assert_almost_equal(np.interp(x0, x, y), x0)
x0 = np.float64(.3)
assert_almost_equal(np.interp(x0, x, y), x0)
x0 = np.nan
assert_almost_equal(np.interp(x0, x, y), x0)
def test_non_finite_behavior_exact_x(self):
x = [1, 2, 2.5, 3, 4]
xp = [1, 2, 3, 4]
fp = [1, 2, np.inf, 4]
assert_almost_equal(np.interp(x, xp, fp), [1, 2, np.inf, np.inf, 4])
fp = [1, 2, np.nan, 4]
assert_almost_equal(np.interp(x, xp, fp), [1, 2, np.nan, np.nan, 4])
@pytest.fixture(params=[
lambda x: np.float_(x),
lambda x: _make_complex(x, 0),
lambda x: _make_complex(0, x),
lambda x: _make_complex(x, np.multiply(x, -2))
], ids=[
'real',
'complex-real',
'complex-imag',
'complex-both'
])
def sc(self, request):
""" scale function used by the below tests """
return request.param
def test_non_finite_any_nan(self, sc):
""" test that nans are propagated """
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [np.nan, 1], sc([ 0, 10])), sc(np.nan))
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [ 0, np.nan], sc([ 0, 10])), sc(np.nan))
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [ 0, 1], sc([np.nan, 10])), sc(np.nan))
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [ 0, 1], sc([ 0, np.nan])), sc(np.nan))
def test_non_finite_inf(self, sc):
""" Test that interp between opposite infs gives nan """
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [-np.inf, +np.inf], sc([ 0, 10])), sc(np.nan))
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [ 0, 1], sc([-np.inf, +np.inf])), sc(np.nan))
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [ 0, 1], sc([+np.inf, -np.inf])), sc(np.nan))
# unless the y values are equal
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [-np.inf, +np.inf], sc([ 10, 10])), sc(10))
def test_non_finite_half_inf_xf(self, sc):
""" Test that interp where both axes have a bound at inf gives nan """
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [-np.inf, 1], sc([-np.inf, 10])), sc(np.nan))
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [-np.inf, 1], sc([+np.inf, 10])), sc(np.nan))
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [-np.inf, 1], sc([ 0, -np.inf])), sc(np.nan))
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [-np.inf, 1], sc([ 0, +np.inf])), sc(np.nan))
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [ 0, +np.inf], sc([-np.inf, 10])), sc(np.nan))
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [ 0, +np.inf], sc([+np.inf, 10])), sc(np.nan))
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [ 0, +np.inf], sc([ 0, -np.inf])), sc(np.nan))
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [ 0, +np.inf], sc([ 0, +np.inf])), sc(np.nan))
def test_non_finite_half_inf_x(self, sc):
""" Test interp where the x axis has a bound at inf """
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [-np.inf, -np.inf], sc([0, 10])), sc(10))
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [-np.inf, 1 ], sc([0, 10])), sc(10))
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [ 0, +np.inf], sc([0, 10])), sc(0))
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [+np.inf, +np.inf], sc([0, 10])), sc(0))
def test_non_finite_half_inf_f(self, sc):
""" Test interp where the f axis has a bound at inf """
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [0, 1], sc([ 0, -np.inf])), sc(-np.inf))
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [0, 1], sc([ 0, +np.inf])), sc(+np.inf))
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [0, 1], sc([-np.inf, 10])), sc(-np.inf))
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [0, 1], sc([+np.inf, 10])), sc(+np.inf))
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [0, 1], sc([-np.inf, -np.inf])), sc(-np.inf))
assert_equal(np.interp(0.5, [0, 1], sc([+np.inf, +np.inf])), sc(+np.inf))
def test_complex_interp(self):
# test complex interpolation
x = np.linspace(0, 1, 5)
y = np.linspace(0, 1, 5) + (1 + np.linspace(0, 1, 5))*1.0j
x0 = 0.3
y0 = x0 + (1+x0)*1.0j
assert_almost_equal(np.interp(x0, x, y), y0)
# test complex left and right
x0 = -1
left = 2 + 3.0j
assert_almost_equal(np.interp(x0, x, y, left=left), left)
x0 = 2.0
right = 2 + 3.0j
assert_almost_equal(np.interp(x0, x, y, right=right), right)
# test complex non finite
x = [1, 2, 2.5, 3, 4]
xp = [1, 2, 3, 4]
fp = [1, 2+1j, np.inf, 4]
y = [1, 2+1j, np.inf+0.5j, np.inf, 4]
assert_almost_equal(np.interp(x, xp, fp), y)
# test complex periodic
x = [-180, -170, -185, 185, -10, -5, 0, 365]
xp = [190, -190, 350, -350]
fp = [5+1.0j, 10+2j, 3+3j, 4+4j]
y = [7.5+1.5j, 5.+1.0j, 8.75+1.75j, 6.25+1.25j, 3.+3j, 3.25+3.25j,
3.5+3.5j, 3.75+3.75j]
assert_almost_equal(np.interp(x, xp, fp, period=360), y)
def test_zero_dimensional_interpolation_point(self):
x = np.linspace(0, 1, 5)
y = np.linspace(0, 1, 5)
x0 = np.array(.3)
assert_almost_equal(np.interp(x0, x, y), x0)
xp = np.array([0, 2, 4])
fp = np.array([1, -1, 1])
actual = np.interp(np.array(1), xp, fp)
assert_equal(actual, 0)
assert_(isinstance(actual, np.float64))
actual = np.interp(np.array(4.5), xp, fp, period=4)
assert_equal(actual, 0.5)
assert_(isinstance(actual, np.float64))
def test_if_len_x_is_small(self):
xp = np.arange(0, 10, 0.0001)
fp = np.sin(xp)
assert_almost_equal(np.interp(np.pi, xp, fp), 0.0)
def test_period(self):
x = [-180, -170, -185, 185, -10, -5, 0, 365]
xp = [190, -190, 350, -350]
fp = [5, 10, 3, 4]
y = [7.5, 5., 8.75, 6.25, 3., 3.25, 3.5, 3.75]
assert_almost_equal(np.interp(x, xp, fp, period=360), y)
x = np.array(x, order='F').reshape(2, -1)
y = np.array(y, order='C').reshape(2, -1)
assert_almost_equal(np.interp(x, xp, fp, period=360), y)
def compare_results(res, desired):
for i in range(len(desired)):
assert_array_equal(res[i], desired[i])
class TestPercentile:
def test_basic(self):
x = np.arange(8) * 0.5
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, 0), 0.)
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, 100), 3.5)
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, 50), 1.75)
x[1] = np.nan
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, 0), np.nan)
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, 0, interpolation='nearest'), np.nan)
def test_fraction(self):
x = [Fraction(i, 2) for i in range(8)]
p = np.percentile(x, Fraction(0))
assert_equal(p, Fraction(0))
assert_equal(type(p), Fraction)
p = np.percentile(x, Fraction(100))
assert_equal(p, Fraction(7, 2))
assert_equal(type(p), Fraction)
p = np.percentile(x, Fraction(50))
assert_equal(p, Fraction(7, 4))
assert_equal(type(p), Fraction)
def test_api(self):
d = np.ones(5)
np.percentile(d, 5, None, None, False)
np.percentile(d, 5, None, None, False, 'linear')
o = np.ones((1,))
np.percentile(d, 5, None, o, False, 'linear')
def test_2D(self):
x = np.array([[1, 1, 1],
[1, 1, 1],
[4, 4, 3],
[1, 1, 1],
[1, 1, 1]])
assert_array_equal(np.percentile(x, 50, axis=0), [1, 1, 1])
def test_linear(self):
# Test defaults
assert_equal(np.percentile(range(10), 50), 4.5)
# explicitly specify interpolation_method 'linear' (the default)
assert_equal(np.percentile(range(10), 50,
interpolation='linear'), 4.5)
def test_lower_higher(self):
# interpolation_method 'lower'/'higher'
assert_equal(np.percentile(range(10), 50,
interpolation='lower'), 4)
assert_equal(np.percentile(range(10), 50,
interpolation='higher'), 5)
def test_midpoint(self):
assert_equal(np.percentile(range(10), 51,
interpolation='midpoint'), 4.5)
assert_equal(np.percentile(range(11), 51,
interpolation='midpoint'), 5.5)
assert_equal(np.percentile(range(11), 50,
interpolation='midpoint'), 5)
def test_nearest(self):
assert_equal(np.percentile(range(10), 51,
interpolation='nearest'), 5)
assert_equal(np.percentile(range(10), 49,
interpolation='nearest'), 4)
def test_sequence(self):
x = np.arange(8) * 0.5
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, [0, 100, 50]), [0, 3.5, 1.75])
def test_axis(self):
x = np.arange(12).reshape(3, 4)
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, (25, 50, 100)), [2.75, 5.5, 11.0])
r0 = [[2, 3, 4, 5], [4, 5, 6, 7], [8, 9, 10, 11]]
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, (25, 50, 100), axis=0), r0)
r1 = [[0.75, 1.5, 3], [4.75, 5.5, 7], [8.75, 9.5, 11]]
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, (25, 50, 100), axis=1), np.array(r1).T)
# ensure qth axis is always first as with np.array(old_percentile(..))
x = np.arange(3 * 4 * 5 * 6).reshape(3, 4, 5, 6)
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, (25, 50)).shape, (2,))
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, (25, 50, 75)).shape, (3,))
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, (25, 50), axis=0).shape, (2, 4, 5, 6))
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, (25, 50), axis=1).shape, (2, 3, 5, 6))
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, (25, 50), axis=2).shape, (2, 3, 4, 6))
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, (25, 50), axis=3).shape, (2, 3, 4, 5))
assert_equal(
np.percentile(x, (25, 50, 75), axis=1).shape, (3, 3, 5, 6))
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, (25, 50),
interpolation="higher").shape, (2,))
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, (25, 50, 75),
interpolation="higher").shape, (3,))
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, (25, 50), axis=0,
interpolation="higher").shape, (2, 4, 5, 6))
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, (25, 50), axis=1,
interpolation="higher").shape, (2, 3, 5, 6))
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, (25, 50), axis=2,
interpolation="higher").shape, (2, 3, 4, 6))
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, (25, 50), axis=3,
interpolation="higher").shape, (2, 3, 4, 5))
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, (25, 50, 75), axis=1,
interpolation="higher").shape, (3, 3, 5, 6))
def test_scalar_q(self):
# test for no empty dimensions for compatibility with old percentile
x = np.arange(12).reshape(3, 4)
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, 50), 5.5)
assert_(np.isscalar(np.percentile(x, 50)))
r0 = np.array([4., 5., 6., 7.])
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, 50, axis=0), r0)
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, 50, axis=0).shape, r0.shape)
r1 = np.array([1.5, 5.5, 9.5])
assert_almost_equal(np.percentile(x, 50, axis=1), r1)
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, 50, axis=1).shape, r1.shape)
out = np.empty(1)
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, 50, out=out), 5.5)
assert_equal(out, 5.5)
out = np.empty(4)
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, 50, axis=0, out=out), r0)
assert_equal(out, r0)
out = np.empty(3)
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, 50, axis=1, out=out), r1)
assert_equal(out, r1)
# test for no empty dimensions for compatibility with old percentile
x = np.arange(12).reshape(3, 4)
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, 50, interpolation='lower'), 5.)
assert_(np.isscalar(np.percentile(x, 50)))
r0 = np.array([4., 5., 6., 7.])
c0 = np.percentile(x, 50, interpolation='lower', axis=0)
assert_equal(c0, r0)
assert_equal(c0.shape, r0.shape)
r1 = np.array([1., 5., 9.])
c1 = np.percentile(x, 50, interpolation='lower', axis=1)
assert_almost_equal(c1, r1)
assert_equal(c1.shape, r1.shape)
out = np.empty((), dtype=x.dtype)
c = np.percentile(x, 50, interpolation='lower', out=out)
assert_equal(c, 5)
assert_equal(out, 5)
out = np.empty(4, dtype=x.dtype)
c = np.percentile(x, 50, interpolation='lower', axis=0, out=out)
assert_equal(c, r0)
assert_equal(out, r0)
out = np.empty(3, dtype=x.dtype)
c = np.percentile(x, 50, interpolation='lower', axis=1, out=out)
assert_equal(c, r1)
assert_equal(out, r1)
def test_exception(self):
assert_raises(ValueError, np.percentile, [1, 2], 56,
interpolation='foobar')
assert_raises(ValueError, np.percentile, [1], 101)
assert_raises(ValueError, np.percentile, [1], -1)
assert_raises(ValueError, np.percentile, [1], list(range(50)) + [101])
assert_raises(ValueError, np.percentile, [1], list(range(50)) + [-0.1])
def test_percentile_list(self):
assert_equal(np.percentile([1, 2, 3], 0), 1)
def test_percentile_out(self):
x = np.array([1, 2, 3])
y = np.zeros((3,))
p = (1, 2, 3)
np.percentile(x, p, out=y)
assert_equal(y, np.percentile(x, p))
x = np.array([[1, 2, 3],
[4, 5, 6]])
y = np.zeros((3, 3))
np.percentile(x, p, axis=0, out=y)
assert_equal(y, np.percentile(x, p, axis=0))
y = np.zeros((3, 2))
np.percentile(x, p, axis=1, out=y)
assert_equal(y, np.percentile(x, p, axis=1))
x = np.arange(12).reshape(3, 4)
# q.dim > 1, float
r0 = np.array([[2., 3., 4., 5.], [4., 5., 6., 7.]])
out = np.empty((2, 4))
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, (25, 50), axis=0, out=out), r0)
assert_equal(out, r0)
r1 = np.array([[0.75, 4.75, 8.75], [1.5, 5.5, 9.5]])
out = np.empty((2, 3))
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, (25, 50), axis=1, out=out), r1)
assert_equal(out, r1)
# q.dim > 1, int
r0 = np.array([[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7]])
out = np.empty((2, 4), dtype=x.dtype)
c = np.percentile(x, (25, 50), interpolation='lower', axis=0, out=out)
assert_equal(c, r0)
assert_equal(out, r0)
r1 = np.array([[0, 4, 8], [1, 5, 9]])
out = np.empty((2, 3), dtype=x.dtype)
c = np.percentile(x, (25, 50), interpolation='lower', axis=1, out=out)
assert_equal(c, r1)
assert_equal(out, r1)
def test_percentile_empty_dim(self):
# empty dims are preserved
d = np.arange(11 * 2).reshape(11, 1, 2, 1)
assert_array_equal(np.percentile(d, 50, axis=0).shape, (1, 2, 1))
assert_array_equal(np.percentile(d, 50, axis=1).shape, (11, 2, 1))
assert_array_equal(np.percentile(d, 50, axis=2).shape, (11, 1, 1))
assert_array_equal(np.percentile(d, 50, axis=3).shape, (11, 1, 2))
assert_array_equal(np.percentile(d, 50, axis=-1).shape, (11, 1, 2))
assert_array_equal(np.percentile(d, 50, axis=-2).shape, (11, 1, 1))
assert_array_equal(np.percentile(d, 50, axis=-3).shape, (11, 2, 1))
assert_array_equal(np.percentile(d, 50, axis=-4).shape, (1, 2, 1))
assert_array_equal(np.percentile(d, 50, axis=2,
interpolation='midpoint').shape,
(11, 1, 1))
assert_array_equal(np.percentile(d, 50, axis=-2,
interpolation='midpoint').shape,
(11, 1, 1))
assert_array_equal(np.array(np.percentile(d, [10, 50], axis=0)).shape,
(2, 1, 2, 1))
assert_array_equal(np.array(np.percentile(d, [10, 50], axis=1)).shape,
(2, 11, 2, 1))
assert_array_equal(np.array(np.percentile(d, [10, 50], axis=2)).shape,
(2, 11, 1, 1))
assert_array_equal(np.array(np.percentile(d, [10, 50], axis=3)).shape,
(2, 11, 1, 2))
def test_percentile_no_overwrite(self):
a = np.array([2, 3, 4, 1])
np.percentile(a, [50], overwrite_input=False)
assert_equal(a, np.array([2, 3, 4, 1]))
a = np.array([2, 3, 4, 1])
np.percentile(a, [50])
assert_equal(a, np.array([2, 3, 4, 1]))
def test_no_p_overwrite(self):
p = np.linspace(0., 100., num=5)
np.percentile(np.arange(100.), p, interpolation="midpoint")
assert_array_equal(p, np.linspace(0., 100., num=5))
p = np.linspace(0., 100., num=5).tolist()
np.percentile(np.arange(100.), p, interpolation="midpoint")
assert_array_equal(p, np.linspace(0., 100., num=5).tolist())
def test_percentile_overwrite(self):
a = np.array([2, 3, 4, 1])
b = np.percentile(a, [50], overwrite_input=True)
assert_equal(b, np.array([2.5]))
b = np.percentile([2, 3, 4, 1], [50], overwrite_input=True)
assert_equal(b, np.array([2.5]))
def test_extended_axis(self):
o = np.random.normal(size=(71, 23))
x = np.dstack([o] * 10)
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, 30, axis=(0, 1)), np.percentile(o, 30))
x = np.moveaxis(x, -1, 0)
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, 30, axis=(-2, -1)), np.percentile(o, 30))
x = x.swapaxes(0, 1).copy()
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, 30, axis=(0, -1)), np.percentile(o, 30))
x = x.swapaxes(0, 1).copy()
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, [25, 60], axis=(0, 1, 2)),
np.percentile(x, [25, 60], axis=None))
assert_equal(np.percentile(x, [25, 60], axis=(0,)),
np.percentile(x, [25, 60], axis=0))
d = np.arange(3 * 5 * 7 * 11).reshape((3, 5, 7, 11))
np.random.shuffle(d.ravel())
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, 25, axis=(0, 1, 2))[0],
np.percentile(d[:,:,:, 0].flatten(), 25))
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, [10, 90], axis=(0, 1, 3))[:, 1],
np.percentile(d[:,:, 1,:].flatten(), [10, 90]))
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, 25, axis=(3, 1, -4))[2],
np.percentile(d[:,:, 2,:].flatten(), 25))
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, 25, axis=(3, 1, 2))[2],
np.percentile(d[2,:,:,:].flatten(), 25))
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, 25, axis=(3, 2))[2, 1],
np.percentile(d[2, 1,:,:].flatten(), 25))
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, 25, axis=(1, -2))[2, 1],
np.percentile(d[2,:,:, 1].flatten(), 25))
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, 25, axis=(1, 3))[2, 2],
np.percentile(d[2,:, 2,:].flatten(), 25))
def test_extended_axis_invalid(self):
d = np.ones((3, 5, 7, 11))
assert_raises(np.AxisError, np.percentile, d, axis=-5, q=25)
assert_raises(np.AxisError, np.percentile, d, axis=(0, -5), q=25)
assert_raises(np.AxisError, np.percentile, d, axis=4, q=25)
assert_raises(np.AxisError, np.percentile, d, axis=(0, 4), q=25)
# each of these refers to the same axis twice
assert_raises(ValueError, np.percentile, d, axis=(1, 1), q=25)
assert_raises(ValueError, np.percentile, d, axis=(-1, -1), q=25)
assert_raises(ValueError, np.percentile, d, axis=(3, -1), q=25)
def test_keepdims(self):
d = np.ones((3, 5, 7, 11))
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, 7, axis=None, keepdims=True).shape,
(1, 1, 1, 1))
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, 7, axis=(0, 1), keepdims=True).shape,
(1, 1, 7, 11))
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, 7, axis=(0, 3), keepdims=True).shape,
(1, 5, 7, 1))
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, 7, axis=(1,), keepdims=True).shape,
(3, 1, 7, 11))
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, 7, (0, 1, 2, 3), keepdims=True).shape,
(1, 1, 1, 1))
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, 7, axis=(0, 1, 3), keepdims=True).shape,
(1, 1, 7, 1))
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, [1, 7], axis=(0, 1, 3),
keepdims=True).shape, (2, 1, 1, 7, 1))
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, [1, 7], axis=(0, 3),
keepdims=True).shape, (2, 1, 5, 7, 1))
def test_out(self):
o = np.zeros((4,))
d = np.ones((3, 4))
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, 0, 0, out=o), o)
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, 0, 0, interpolation='nearest', out=o), o)
o = np.zeros((3,))
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, 1, 1, out=o), o)
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, 1, 1, interpolation='nearest', out=o), o)
o = np.zeros(())
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, 2, out=o), o)
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, 2, interpolation='nearest', out=o), o)
def test_out_nan(self):
with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True):
warnings.filterwarnings('always', '', RuntimeWarning)
o = np.zeros((4,))
d = np.ones((3, 4))
d[2, 1] = np.nan
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, 0, 0, out=o), o)
assert_equal(
np.percentile(d, 0, 0, interpolation='nearest', out=o), o)
o = np.zeros((3,))
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, 1, 1, out=o), o)
assert_equal(
np.percentile(d, 1, 1, interpolation='nearest', out=o), o)
o = np.zeros(())
assert_equal(np.percentile(d, 1, out=o), o)
assert_equal(
np.percentile(d, 1, interpolation='nearest', out=o), o)
def test_nan_behavior(self):
a = np.arange(24, dtype=float)
a[2] = np.nan
assert_equal(np.percentile(a, 0.3), np.nan)
assert_equal(np.percentile(a, 0.3, axis=0), np.nan)
assert_equal(np.percentile(a, [0.3, 0.6], axis=0),
np.array([np.nan] * 2))
a = np.arange(24, dtype=float).reshape(2, 3, 4)
a[1, 2, 3] = np.nan
a[1, 1, 2] = np.nan
# no axis
assert_equal(np.percentile(a, 0.3), np.nan)
assert_equal(np.percentile(a, 0.3).ndim, 0)
# axis0 zerod
b = np.percentile(np.arange(24, dtype=float).reshape(2, 3, 4), 0.3, 0)
b[2, 3] = np.nan
b[1, 2] = np.nan
assert_equal(np.percentile(a, 0.3, 0), b)
# axis0 not zerod
b = np.percentile(np.arange(24, dtype=float).reshape(2, 3, 4),
[0.3, 0.6], 0)
b[:, 2, 3] = np.nan
b[:, 1, 2] = np.nan
assert_equal(np.percentile(a, [0.3, 0.6], 0), b)
# axis1 zerod
b = np.percentile(np.arange(24, dtype=float).reshape(2, 3, 4), 0.3, 1)
b[1, 3] = np.nan
b[1, 2] = np.nan
assert_equal(np.percentile(a, 0.3, 1), b)
# axis1 not zerod
b = np.percentile(
np.arange(24, dtype=float).reshape(2, 3, 4), [0.3, 0.6], 1)
b[:, 1, 3] = np.nan
b[:, 1, 2] = np.nan
assert_equal(np.percentile(a, [0.3, 0.6], 1), b)
# axis02 zerod
b = np.percentile(
np.arange(24, dtype=float).reshape(2, 3, 4), 0.3, (0, 2))
b[1] = np.nan
b[2] = np.nan
assert_equal(np.percentile(a, 0.3, (0, 2)), b)
# axis02 not zerod
b = np.percentile(np.arange(24, dtype=float).reshape(2, 3, 4),
[0.3, 0.6], (0, 2))
b[:, 1] = np.nan
b[:, 2] = np.nan
assert_equal(np.percentile(a, [0.3, 0.6], (0, 2)), b)
# axis02 not zerod with nearest interpolation
b = np.percentile(np.arange(24, dtype=float).reshape(2, 3, 4),
[0.3, 0.6], (0, 2), interpolation='nearest')
b[:, 1] = np.nan
b[:, 2] = np.nan
assert_equal(np.percentile(
a, [0.3, 0.6], (0, 2), interpolation='nearest'), b)
class TestQuantile:
# most of this is already tested by TestPercentile
def test_basic(self):
x = np.arange(8) * 0.5
assert_equal(np.quantile(x, 0), 0.)
assert_equal(np.quantile(x, 1), 3.5)
assert_equal(np.quantile(x, 0.5), 1.75)
def test_correct_quantile_value(self):
a = np.array([True])
tf_quant = np.quantile(True, False)
assert_equal(tf_quant, a[0])
assert_equal(type(tf_quant), a.dtype)
a = np.array([False, True, True])
quant_res = np.quantile(a, a)
assert_array_equal(quant_res, a)
assert_equal(a.dtype, quant_res.dtype)
def test_fraction(self):
# fractional input, integral quantile
x = [Fraction(i, 2) for i in range(8)]
q = np.quantile(x, 0)
assert_equal(q, 0)
assert_equal(type(q), Fraction)
q = np.quantile(x, 1)
assert_equal(q, Fraction(7, 2))
assert_equal(type(q), Fraction)
q = np.quantile(x, Fraction(1, 2))
assert_equal(q, Fraction(7, 4))
assert_equal(type(q), Fraction)
# repeat with integral input but fractional quantile
x = np.arange(8)
assert_equal(np.quantile(x, Fraction(1, 2)), Fraction(7, 2))
def test_no_p_overwrite(self):
# this is worth retesting, because quantile does not make a copy
p0 = np.array([0, 0.75, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0])
p = p0.copy()
np.quantile(np.arange(100.), p, interpolation="midpoint")
assert_array_equal(p, p0)
p0 = p0.tolist()
p = p.tolist()
np.quantile(np.arange(100.), p, interpolation="midpoint")
assert_array_equal(p, p0)
class TestMedian:
def test_basic(self):
a0 = np.array(1)
a1 = np.arange(2)
a2 = np.arange(6).reshape(2, 3)
assert_equal(np.median(a0), 1)
assert_allclose(np.median(a1), 0.5)
assert_allclose(np.median(a2), 2.5)
assert_allclose(np.median(a2, axis=0), [1.5, 2.5, 3.5])
assert_equal(np.median(a2, axis=1), [1, 4])
assert_allclose(np.median(a2, axis=None), 2.5)
a = np.array([0.0444502, 0.0463301, 0.141249, 0.0606775])
assert_almost_equal((a[1] + a[3]) / 2., np.median(a))
a = np.array([0.0463301, 0.0444502, 0.141249])
assert_equal(a[0], np.median(a))
a = np.array([0.0444502, 0.141249, 0.0463301])
assert_equal(a[-1], np.median(a))
# check array scalar result
assert_equal(np.median(a).ndim, 0)
a[1] = np.nan
assert_equal(np.median(a).ndim, 0)
def test_axis_keyword(self):
a3 = np.array([[2, 3],
[0, 1],
[6, 7],
[4, 5]])
for a in [a3, np.random.randint(0, 100, size=(2, 3, 4))]:
orig = a.copy()
np.median(a, axis=None)
for ax in range(a.ndim):
np.median(a, axis=ax)
assert_array_equal(a, orig)
assert_allclose(np.median(a3, axis=0), [3, 4])
assert_allclose(np.median(a3.T, axis=1), [3, 4])
assert_allclose(np.median(a3), 3.5)
assert_allclose(np.median(a3, axis=None), 3.5)
assert_allclose(np.median(a3.T), 3.5)
def test_overwrite_keyword(self):
a3 = np.array([[2, 3],
[0, 1],
[6, 7],
[4, 5]])
a0 = np.array(1)
a1 = np.arange(2)
a2 = np.arange(6).reshape(2, 3)
assert_allclose(np.median(a0.copy(), overwrite_input=True), 1)
assert_allclose(np.median(a1.copy(), overwrite_input=True), 0.5)
assert_allclose(np.median(a2.copy(), overwrite_input=True), 2.5)
assert_allclose(np.median(a2.copy(), overwrite_input=True, axis=0),
[1.5, 2.5, 3.5])
assert_allclose(
np.median(a2.copy(), overwrite_input=True, axis=1), [1, 4])
assert_allclose(
np.median(a2.copy(), overwrite_input=True, axis=None), 2.5)
assert_allclose(
np.median(a3.copy(), overwrite_input=True, axis=0), [3, 4])
assert_allclose(np.median(a3.T.copy(), overwrite_input=True, axis=1),
[3, 4])
a4 = np.arange(3 * 4 * 5, dtype=np.float32).reshape((3, 4, 5))
np.random.shuffle(a4.ravel())
assert_allclose(np.median(a4, axis=None),
np.median(a4.copy(), axis=None, overwrite_input=True))
assert_allclose(np.median(a4, axis=0),
np.median(a4.copy(), axis=0, overwrite_input=True))
assert_allclose(np.median(a4, axis=1),
np.median(a4.copy(), axis=1, overwrite_input=True))
assert_allclose(np.median(a4, axis=2),
np.median(a4.copy(), axis=2, overwrite_input=True))
def test_array_like(self):
x = [1, 2, 3]
assert_almost_equal(np.median(x), 2)
x2 = [x]
assert_almost_equal(np.median(x2), 2)
assert_allclose(np.median(x2, axis=0), x)
def test_subclass(self):
# gh-3846
class MySubClass(np.ndarray):
def __new__(cls, input_array, info=None):
obj = np.asarray(input_array).view(cls)
obj.info = info
return obj
def mean(self, axis=None, dtype=None, out=None):
return -7
a = MySubClass([1, 2, 3])
assert_equal(np.median(a), -7)
def test_out(self):
o = np.zeros((4,))
d = np.ones((3, 4))
assert_equal(np.median(d, 0, out=o), o)
o = np.zeros((3,))
assert_equal(np.median(d, 1, out=o), o)
o = np.zeros(())
assert_equal(np.median(d, out=o), o)
def test_out_nan(self):
with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True):
warnings.filterwarnings('always', '', RuntimeWarning)
o = np.zeros((4,))
d = np.ones((3, 4))
d[2, 1] = np.nan
assert_equal(np.median(d, 0, out=o), o)
o = np.zeros((3,))
assert_equal(np.median(d, 1, out=o), o)
o = np.zeros(())
assert_equal(np.median(d, out=o), o)
def test_nan_behavior(self):
a = np.arange(24, dtype=float)
a[2] = np.nan
assert_equal(np.median(a), np.nan)
assert_equal(np.median(a, axis=0), np.nan)
a = np.arange(24, dtype=float).reshape(2, 3, 4)
a[1, 2, 3] = np.nan
a[1, 1, 2] = np.nan
# no axis
assert_equal(np.median(a), np.nan)
assert_equal(np.median(a).ndim, 0)
# axis0
b = np.median(np.arange(24, dtype=float).reshape(2, 3, 4), 0)
b[2, 3] = np.nan
b[1, 2] = np.nan
assert_equal(np.median(a, 0), b)
# axis1
b = np.median(np.arange(24, dtype=float).reshape(2, 3, 4), 1)
b[1, 3] = np.nan
b[1, 2] = np.nan
assert_equal(np.median(a, 1), b)
# axis02
b = np.median(np.arange(24, dtype=float).reshape(2, 3, 4), (0, 2))
b[1] = np.nan
b[2] = np.nan
assert_equal(np.median(a, (0, 2)), b)
def test_empty(self):
# mean(empty array) emits two warnings: empty slice and divide by 0
a = np.array([], dtype=float)
with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
warnings.filterwarnings('always', '', RuntimeWarning)
assert_equal(np.median(a), np.nan)
assert_(w[0].category is RuntimeWarning)
assert_equal(len(w), 2)
# multiple dimensions
a = np.array([], dtype=float, ndmin=3)
# no axis
with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
warnings.filterwarnings('always', '', RuntimeWarning)
assert_equal(np.median(a), np.nan)
assert_(w[0].category is RuntimeWarning)
# axis 0 and 1
b = np.array([], dtype=float, ndmin=2)
assert_equal(np.median(a, axis=0), b)
assert_equal(np.median(a, axis=1), b)
# axis 2
b = np.array(np.nan, dtype=float, ndmin=2)
with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
warnings.filterwarnings('always', '', RuntimeWarning)
assert_equal(np.median(a, axis=2), b)
assert_(w[0].category is RuntimeWarning)
def test_object(self):
o = np.arange(7.)
assert_(type(np.median(o.astype(object))), float)
o[2] = np.nan
assert_(type(np.median(o.astype(object))), float)
def test_extended_axis(self):
o = np.random.normal(size=(71, 23))
x = np.dstack([o] * 10)
assert_equal(np.median(x, axis=(0, 1)), np.median(o))
x = np.moveaxis(x, -1, 0)
assert_equal(np.median(x, axis=(-2, -1)), np.median(o))
x = x.swapaxes(0, 1).copy()
assert_equal(np.median(x, axis=(0, -1)), np.median(o))
assert_equal(np.median(x, axis=(0, 1, 2)), np.median(x, axis=None))
assert_equal(np.median(x, axis=(0, )), np.median(x, axis=0))
assert_equal(np.median(x, axis=(-1, )), np.median(x, axis=-1))
d = np.arange(3 * 5 * 7 * 11).reshape((3, 5, 7, 11))
np.random.shuffle(d.ravel())
assert_equal(np.median(d, axis=(0, 1, 2))[0],
np.median(d[:,:,:, 0].flatten()))
assert_equal(np.median(d, axis=(0, 1, 3))[1],
np.median(d[:,:, 1,:].flatten()))
assert_equal(np.median(d, axis=(3, 1, -4))[2],
np.median(d[:,:, 2,:].flatten()))
assert_equal(np.median(d, axis=(3, 1, 2))[2],
np.median(d[2,:,:,:].flatten()))
assert_equal(np.median(d, axis=(3, 2))[2, 1],
np.median(d[2, 1,:,:].flatten()))
assert_equal(np.median(d, axis=(1, -2))[2, 1],
np.median(d[2,:,:, 1].flatten()))
assert_equal(np.median(d, axis=(1, 3))[2, 2],
np.median(d[2,:, 2,:].flatten()))
def test_extended_axis_invalid(self):
d = np.ones((3, 5, 7, 11))
assert_raises(np.AxisError, np.median, d, axis=-5)
assert_raises(np.AxisError, np.median, d, axis=(0, -5))
assert_raises(np.AxisError, np.median, d, axis=4)
assert_raises(np.AxisError, np.median, d, axis=(0, 4))
assert_raises(ValueError, np.median, d, axis=(1, 1))
def test_keepdims(self):
d = np.ones((3, 5, 7, 11))
assert_equal(np.median(d, axis=None, keepdims=True).shape,
(1, 1, 1, 1))
assert_equal(np.median(d, axis=(0, 1), keepdims=True).shape,
(1, 1, 7, 11))
assert_equal(np.median(d, axis=(0, 3), keepdims=True).shape,
(1, 5, 7, 1))
assert_equal(np.median(d, axis=(1,), keepdims=True).shape,
(3, 1, 7, 11))
assert_equal(np.median(d, axis=(0, 1, 2, 3), keepdims=True).shape,
(1, 1, 1, 1))
assert_equal(np.median(d, axis=(0, 1, 3), keepdims=True).shape,
(1, 1, 7, 1))
class TestAdd_newdoc_ufunc:
def test_ufunc_arg(self):
assert_raises(TypeError, add_newdoc_ufunc, 2, "blah")
assert_raises(ValueError, add_newdoc_ufunc, np.add, "blah")
def test_string_arg(self):
assert_raises(TypeError, add_newdoc_ufunc, np.add, 3)
class TestAdd_newdoc:
@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.flags.optimize == 2, reason="Python running -OO")
@pytest.mark.xfail(IS_PYPY, reason="PyPy does not modify tp_doc")
def test_add_doc(self):
# test np.add_newdoc
tgt = "Current flat index into the array."
assert_equal(np.core.flatiter.index.__doc__[:len(tgt)], tgt)
assert_(len(np.core.ufunc.identity.__doc__) > 300)
assert_(len(np.lib.index_tricks.mgrid.__doc__) > 300)
class TestSortComplex:
@pytest.mark.parametrize("type_in, type_out", [
('l', 'D'),
('h', 'F'),
('H', 'F'),
('b', 'F'),
('B', 'F'),
('g', 'G'),
])
def test_sort_real(self, type_in, type_out):
# sort_complex() type casting for real input types
a = np.array([5, 3, 6, 2, 1], dtype=type_in)
actual = np.sort_complex(a)
expected = np.sort(a).astype(type_out)
assert_equal(actual, expected)
assert_equal(actual.dtype, expected.dtype)
def test_sort_complex(self):
# sort_complex() handling of complex input
a = np.array([2 + 3j, 1 - 2j, 1 - 3j, 2 + 1j], dtype='D')
expected = np.array([1 - 3j, 1 - 2j, 2 + 1j, 2 + 3j], dtype='D')
actual = np.sort_complex(a)
assert_equal(actual, expected)
assert_equal(actual.dtype, expected.dtype)