Fixed database typo and removed unnecessary class identifier.

This commit is contained in:
Batuhan Berk Başoğlu 2020-10-14 10:10:37 -04:00
parent 00ad49a143
commit 45fb349a7d
5098 changed files with 952558 additions and 85 deletions

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from .axes3d import Axes3D

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# art3d.py, original mplot3d version by John Porter
# Parts rewritten by Reinier Heeres <reinier@heeres.eu>
# Minor additions by Ben Axelrod <baxelrod@coroware.com>
"""
Module containing 3D artist code and functions to convert 2D
artists into 3D versions which can be added to an Axes3D.
"""
import math
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import (
artist, colors as mcolors, lines, text as mtext, path as mpath)
from matplotlib.collections import (
LineCollection, PolyCollection, PatchCollection, PathCollection)
from matplotlib.colors import Normalize
from matplotlib.patches import Patch
from . import proj3d
def _norm_angle(a):
"""Return the given angle normalized to -180 < *a* <= 180 degrees."""
a = (a + 360) % 360
if a > 180:
a = a - 360
return a
def _norm_text_angle(a):
"""Return the given angle normalized to -90 < *a* <= 90 degrees."""
a = (a + 180) % 180
if a > 90:
a = a - 180
return a
def get_dir_vector(zdir):
"""
Return a direction vector.
Parameters
----------
zdir : {'x', 'y', 'z', None, 3-tuple}
The direction. Possible values are:
- 'x': equivalent to (1, 0, 0)
- 'y': equivalent to (0, 1, 0)
- 'z': equivalent to (0, 0, 1)
- *None*: equivalent to (0, 0, 0)
- an iterable (x, y, z) is returned unchanged.
Returns
-------
x, y, z : array-like
The direction vector. This is either a numpy.array or *zdir* itself if
*zdir* is already a length-3 iterable.
"""
if zdir == 'x':
return np.array((1, 0, 0))
elif zdir == 'y':
return np.array((0, 1, 0))
elif zdir == 'z':
return np.array((0, 0, 1))
elif zdir is None:
return np.array((0, 0, 0))
elif np.iterable(zdir) and len(zdir) == 3:
return zdir
else:
raise ValueError("'x', 'y', 'z', None or vector of length 3 expected")
class Text3D(mtext.Text):
"""
Text object with 3D position and direction.
Parameters
----------
x, y, z
The position of the text.
text : str
The text string to display.
zdir : {'x', 'y', 'z', None, 3-tuple}
The direction of the text. See `.get_dir_vector` for a description of
the values.
Other Parameters
----------------
**kwargs
All other parameters are passed on to `~matplotlib.text.Text`.
"""
def __init__(self, x=0, y=0, z=0, text='', zdir='z', **kwargs):
mtext.Text.__init__(self, x, y, text, **kwargs)
self.set_3d_properties(z, zdir)
def set_3d_properties(self, z=0, zdir='z'):
x, y = self.get_position()
self._position3d = np.array((x, y, z))
self._dir_vec = get_dir_vector(zdir)
self.stale = True
@artist.allow_rasterization
def draw(self, renderer):
proj = proj3d.proj_trans_points(
[self._position3d, self._position3d + self._dir_vec], renderer.M)
dx = proj[0][1] - proj[0][0]
dy = proj[1][1] - proj[1][0]
angle = math.degrees(math.atan2(dy, dx))
self.set_position((proj[0][0], proj[1][0]))
self.set_rotation(_norm_text_angle(angle))
mtext.Text.draw(self, renderer)
self.stale = False
def get_tightbbox(self, renderer):
# Overwriting the 2d Text behavior which is not valid for 3d.
# For now, just return None to exclude from layout calculation.
return None
def text_2d_to_3d(obj, z=0, zdir='z'):
"""Convert a Text to a Text3D object."""
obj.__class__ = Text3D
obj.set_3d_properties(z, zdir)
class Line3D(lines.Line2D):
"""
3D line object.
"""
def __init__(self, xs, ys, zs, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Keyword arguments are passed onto :func:`~matplotlib.lines.Line2D`.
"""
lines.Line2D.__init__(self, [], [], *args, **kwargs)
self._verts3d = xs, ys, zs
def set_3d_properties(self, zs=0, zdir='z'):
xs = self.get_xdata()
ys = self.get_ydata()
zs = np.broadcast_to(zs, xs.shape)
self._verts3d = juggle_axes(xs, ys, zs, zdir)
self.stale = True
def set_data_3d(self, *args):
"""
Set the x, y and z data
Parameters
----------
x : array-like
The x-data to be plotted.
y : array-like
The y-data to be plotted.
z : array-like
The z-data to be plotted.
Notes
-----
Accepts x, y, z arguments or a single array-like (x, y, z)
"""
if len(args) == 1:
self._verts3d = args[0]
else:
self._verts3d = args
self.stale = True
def get_data_3d(self):
"""
Get the current data
Returns
-------
verts3d : length-3 tuple or array-like
The current data as a tuple or array-like.
"""
return self._verts3d
@artist.allow_rasterization
def draw(self, renderer):
xs3d, ys3d, zs3d = self._verts3d
xs, ys, zs = proj3d.proj_transform(xs3d, ys3d, zs3d, renderer.M)
self.set_data(xs, ys)
lines.Line2D.draw(self, renderer)
self.stale = False
def line_2d_to_3d(line, zs=0, zdir='z'):
"""Convert a 2D line to 3D."""
line.__class__ = Line3D
line.set_3d_properties(zs, zdir)
def _path_to_3d_segment(path, zs=0, zdir='z'):
"""Convert a path to a 3D segment."""
zs = np.broadcast_to(zs, len(path))
pathsegs = path.iter_segments(simplify=False, curves=False)
seg = [(x, y, z) for (((x, y), code), z) in zip(pathsegs, zs)]
seg3d = [juggle_axes(x, y, z, zdir) for (x, y, z) in seg]
return seg3d
def _paths_to_3d_segments(paths, zs=0, zdir='z'):
"""Convert paths from a collection object to 3D segments."""
zs = np.broadcast_to(zs, len(paths))
segs = [_path_to_3d_segment(path, pathz, zdir)
for path, pathz in zip(paths, zs)]
return segs
def _path_to_3d_segment_with_codes(path, zs=0, zdir='z'):
"""Convert a path to a 3D segment with path codes."""
zs = np.broadcast_to(zs, len(path))
pathsegs = path.iter_segments(simplify=False, curves=False)
seg_codes = [((x, y, z), code) for ((x, y), code), z in zip(pathsegs, zs)]
if seg_codes:
seg, codes = zip(*seg_codes)
seg3d = [juggle_axes(x, y, z, zdir) for (x, y, z) in seg]
else:
seg3d = []
codes = []
return seg3d, list(codes)
def _paths_to_3d_segments_with_codes(paths, zs=0, zdir='z'):
"""
Convert paths from a collection object to 3D segments with path codes.
"""
zs = np.broadcast_to(zs, len(paths))
segments_codes = [_path_to_3d_segment_with_codes(path, pathz, zdir)
for path, pathz in zip(paths, zs)]
if segments_codes:
segments, codes = zip(*segments_codes)
else:
segments, codes = [], []
return list(segments), list(codes)
class Line3DCollection(LineCollection):
"""
A collection of 3D lines.
"""
def set_sort_zpos(self, val):
"""Set the position to use for z-sorting."""
self._sort_zpos = val
self.stale = True
def set_segments(self, segments):
"""
Set 3D segments.
"""
self._segments3d = segments
LineCollection.set_segments(self, [])
def do_3d_projection(self, renderer):
"""
Project the points according to renderer matrix.
"""
xyslist = [
proj3d.proj_trans_points(points, renderer.M) for points in
self._segments3d]
segments_2d = [np.column_stack([xs, ys]) for xs, ys, zs in xyslist]
LineCollection.set_segments(self, segments_2d)
# FIXME
minz = 1e9
for xs, ys, zs in xyslist:
minz = min(minz, min(zs))
return minz
@artist.allow_rasterization
def draw(self, renderer, project=False):
if project:
self.do_3d_projection(renderer)
LineCollection.draw(self, renderer)
def line_collection_2d_to_3d(col, zs=0, zdir='z'):
"""Convert a LineCollection to a Line3DCollection object."""
segments3d = _paths_to_3d_segments(col.get_paths(), zs, zdir)
col.__class__ = Line3DCollection
col.set_segments(segments3d)
class Patch3D(Patch):
"""
3D patch object.
"""
def __init__(self, *args, zs=(), zdir='z', **kwargs):
Patch.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
self.set_3d_properties(zs, zdir)
def set_3d_properties(self, verts, zs=0, zdir='z'):
zs = np.broadcast_to(zs, len(verts))
self._segment3d = [juggle_axes(x, y, z, zdir)
for ((x, y), z) in zip(verts, zs)]
self._facecolor3d = Patch.get_facecolor(self)
def get_path(self):
return self._path2d
def get_facecolor(self):
return self._facecolor2d
def do_3d_projection(self, renderer):
s = self._segment3d
xs, ys, zs = zip(*s)
vxs, vys, vzs, vis = proj3d.proj_transform_clip(xs, ys, zs, renderer.M)
self._path2d = mpath.Path(np.column_stack([vxs, vys]))
# FIXME: coloring
self._facecolor2d = self._facecolor3d
return min(vzs)
class PathPatch3D(Patch3D):
"""
3D PathPatch object.
"""
def __init__(self, path, *, zs=(), zdir='z', **kwargs):
Patch.__init__(self, **kwargs)
self.set_3d_properties(path, zs, zdir)
def set_3d_properties(self, path, zs=0, zdir='z'):
Patch3D.set_3d_properties(self, path.vertices, zs=zs, zdir=zdir)
self._code3d = path.codes
def do_3d_projection(self, renderer):
s = self._segment3d
xs, ys, zs = zip(*s)
vxs, vys, vzs, vis = proj3d.proj_transform_clip(xs, ys, zs, renderer.M)
self._path2d = mpath.Path(np.column_stack([vxs, vys]), self._code3d)
# FIXME: coloring
self._facecolor2d = self._facecolor3d
return min(vzs)
def _get_patch_verts(patch):
"""Return a list of vertices for the path of a patch."""
trans = patch.get_patch_transform()
path = patch.get_path()
polygons = path.to_polygons(trans)
if len(polygons):
return polygons[0]
else:
return []
def patch_2d_to_3d(patch, z=0, zdir='z'):
"""Convert a Patch to a Patch3D object."""
verts = _get_patch_verts(patch)
patch.__class__ = Patch3D
patch.set_3d_properties(verts, z, zdir)
def pathpatch_2d_to_3d(pathpatch, z=0, zdir='z'):
"""Convert a PathPatch to a PathPatch3D object."""
path = pathpatch.get_path()
trans = pathpatch.get_patch_transform()
mpath = trans.transform_path(path)
pathpatch.__class__ = PathPatch3D
pathpatch.set_3d_properties(mpath, z, zdir)
class Patch3DCollection(PatchCollection):
"""
A collection of 3D patches.
"""
def __init__(self, *args, zs=0, zdir='z', depthshade=True, **kwargs):
"""
Create a collection of flat 3D patches with its normal vector
pointed in *zdir* direction, and located at *zs* on the *zdir*
axis. 'zs' can be a scalar or an array-like of the same length as
the number of patches in the collection.
Constructor arguments are the same as for
:class:`~matplotlib.collections.PatchCollection`. In addition,
keywords *zs=0* and *zdir='z'* are available.
Also, the keyword argument "depthshade" is available to
indicate whether or not to shade the patches in order to
give the appearance of depth (default is *True*).
This is typically desired in scatter plots.
"""
self._depthshade = depthshade
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self.set_3d_properties(zs, zdir)
def set_sort_zpos(self, val):
"""Set the position to use for z-sorting."""
self._sort_zpos = val
self.stale = True
def set_3d_properties(self, zs, zdir):
# Force the collection to initialize the face and edgecolors
# just in case it is a scalarmappable with a colormap.
self.update_scalarmappable()
offsets = self.get_offsets()
if len(offsets) > 0:
xs, ys = offsets.T
else:
xs = []
ys = []
self._offsets3d = juggle_axes(xs, ys, np.atleast_1d(zs), zdir)
self._facecolor3d = self.get_facecolor()
self._edgecolor3d = self.get_edgecolor()
self.stale = True
def do_3d_projection(self, renderer):
xs, ys, zs = self._offsets3d
vxs, vys, vzs, vis = proj3d.proj_transform_clip(xs, ys, zs, renderer.M)
fcs = (_zalpha(self._facecolor3d, vzs) if self._depthshade else
self._facecolor3d)
fcs = mcolors.to_rgba_array(fcs, self._alpha)
self.set_facecolors(fcs)
ecs = (_zalpha(self._edgecolor3d, vzs) if self._depthshade else
self._edgecolor3d)
ecs = mcolors.to_rgba_array(ecs, self._alpha)
self.set_edgecolors(ecs)
PatchCollection.set_offsets(self, np.column_stack([vxs, vys]))
if vzs.size > 0:
return min(vzs)
else:
return np.nan
class Path3DCollection(PathCollection):
"""
A collection of 3D paths.
"""
def __init__(self, *args, zs=0, zdir='z', depthshade=True, **kwargs):
"""
Create a collection of flat 3D paths with its normal vector
pointed in *zdir* direction, and located at *zs* on the *zdir*
axis. 'zs' can be a scalar or an array-like of the same length as
the number of paths in the collection.
Constructor arguments are the same as for
:class:`~matplotlib.collections.PathCollection`. In addition,
keywords *zs=0* and *zdir='z'* are available.
Also, the keyword argument "depthshade" is available to
indicate whether or not to shade the patches in order to
give the appearance of depth (default is *True*).
This is typically desired in scatter plots.
"""
self._depthshade = depthshade
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self.set_3d_properties(zs, zdir)
def set_sort_zpos(self, val):
"""Set the position to use for z-sorting."""
self._sort_zpos = val
self.stale = True
def set_3d_properties(self, zs, zdir):
# Force the collection to initialize the face and edgecolors
# just in case it is a scalarmappable with a colormap.
self.update_scalarmappable()
offsets = self.get_offsets()
if len(offsets) > 0:
xs, ys = offsets.T
else:
xs = []
ys = []
self._offsets3d = juggle_axes(xs, ys, np.atleast_1d(zs), zdir)
self._facecolor3d = self.get_facecolor()
self._edgecolor3d = self.get_edgecolor()
self._sizes3d = self.get_sizes()
self._linewidth3d = self.get_linewidth()
self.stale = True
def do_3d_projection(self, renderer):
xs, ys, zs = self._offsets3d
vxs, vys, vzs, vis = proj3d.proj_transform_clip(xs, ys, zs, renderer.M)
fcs = (_zalpha(self._facecolor3d, vzs) if self._depthshade else
self._facecolor3d)
ecs = (_zalpha(self._edgecolor3d, vzs) if self._depthshade else
self._edgecolor3d)
sizes = self._sizes3d
lws = self._linewidth3d
# Sort the points based on z coordinates
# Performance optimization: Create a sorted index array and reorder
# points and point properties according to the index array
z_markers_idx = np.argsort(vzs)[::-1]
# Re-order items
vzs = vzs[z_markers_idx]
vxs = vxs[z_markers_idx]
vys = vys[z_markers_idx]
if len(fcs) > 1:
fcs = fcs[z_markers_idx]
if len(ecs) > 1:
ecs = ecs[z_markers_idx]
if len(sizes) > 1:
sizes = sizes[z_markers_idx]
if len(lws) > 1:
lws = lws[z_markers_idx]
vps = np.column_stack((vxs, vys))
fcs = mcolors.to_rgba_array(fcs, self._alpha)
ecs = mcolors.to_rgba_array(ecs, self._alpha)
self.set_edgecolors(ecs)
self.set_facecolors(fcs)
self.set_sizes(sizes)
self.set_linewidth(lws)
PathCollection.set_offsets(self, vps)
return np.min(vzs) if vzs.size else np.nan
def patch_collection_2d_to_3d(col, zs=0, zdir='z', depthshade=True):
"""
Convert a :class:`~matplotlib.collections.PatchCollection` into a
:class:`Patch3DCollection` object
(or a :class:`~matplotlib.collections.PathCollection` into a
:class:`Path3DCollection` object).
Parameters
----------
za
The location or locations to place the patches in the collection along
the *zdir* axis. Default: 0.
zdir
The axis in which to place the patches. Default: "z".
depthshade
Whether to shade the patches to give a sense of depth. Default: *True*.
"""
if isinstance(col, PathCollection):
col.__class__ = Path3DCollection
elif isinstance(col, PatchCollection):
col.__class__ = Patch3DCollection
col._depthshade = depthshade
col.set_3d_properties(zs, zdir)
class Poly3DCollection(PolyCollection):
"""
A collection of 3D polygons.
.. note::
**Filling of 3D polygons**
There is no simple definition of the enclosed surface of a 3D polygon
unless the polygon is planar.
In practice, Matplotlib fills the 2D projection of the polygon. This
gives a correct filling appearance only for planar polygons. For all
other polygons, you'll find orientations in which the edges of the
polygon intersect in the projection. This will lead to an incorrect
visualization of the 3D area.
If you need filled areas, it is recommended to create them via
`~mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.axes3d.Axes3D.plot_trisurf`, which creates a
triangulation and thus generates consistent surfaces.
"""
def __init__(self, verts, *args, zsort='average', **kwargs):
"""
Parameters
----------
verts : list of array-like Nx3
Each element describes a polygon as a sequence of ``N_i`` points
``(x, y, z)``.
zsort : {'average', 'min', 'max'}, default: 'average'
The calculation method for the z-order.
See `~.Poly3DCollection.set_zsort` for details.
*args, **kwargs
All other parameters are forwarded to `.PolyCollection`.
Notes
-----
Note that this class does a bit of magic with the _facecolors
and _edgecolors properties.
"""
super().__init__(verts, *args, **kwargs)
self.set_zsort(zsort)
self._codes3d = None
_zsort_functions = {
'average': np.average,
'min': np.min,
'max': np.max,
}
def set_zsort(self, zsort):
"""
Set the calculation method for the z-order.
Parameters
----------
zsort : {'average', 'min', 'max'}
The function applied on the z-coordinates of the vertices in the
viewer's coordinate system, to determine the z-order.
"""
self._zsortfunc = self._zsort_functions[zsort]
self._sort_zpos = None
self.stale = True
def get_vector(self, segments3d):
"""Optimize points for projection."""
if len(segments3d):
xs, ys, zs = np.row_stack(segments3d).T
else: # row_stack can't stack zero arrays.
xs, ys, zs = [], [], []
ones = np.ones(len(xs))
self._vec = np.array([xs, ys, zs, ones])
indices = [0, *np.cumsum([len(segment) for segment in segments3d])]
self._segslices = [*map(slice, indices[:-1], indices[1:])]
def set_verts(self, verts, closed=True):
"""Set 3D vertices."""
self.get_vector(verts)
# 2D verts will be updated at draw time
PolyCollection.set_verts(self, [], False)
self._closed = closed
def set_verts_and_codes(self, verts, codes):
"""Set 3D vertices with path codes."""
# set vertices with closed=False to prevent PolyCollection from
# setting path codes
self.set_verts(verts, closed=False)
# and set our own codes instead.
self._codes3d = codes
def set_3d_properties(self):
# Force the collection to initialize the face and edgecolors
# just in case it is a scalarmappable with a colormap.
self.update_scalarmappable()
self._sort_zpos = None
self.set_zsort('average')
self._facecolors3d = PolyCollection.get_facecolor(self)
self._edgecolors3d = PolyCollection.get_edgecolor(self)
self._alpha3d = PolyCollection.get_alpha(self)
self.stale = True
def set_sort_zpos(self, val):
"""Set the position to use for z-sorting."""
self._sort_zpos = val
self.stale = True
def do_3d_projection(self, renderer):
"""
Perform the 3D projection for this object.
"""
# FIXME: This may no longer be needed?
if self._A is not None:
self.update_scalarmappable()
self._facecolors3d = self._facecolors
txs, tys, tzs = proj3d._proj_transform_vec(self._vec, renderer.M)
xyzlist = [(txs[sl], tys[sl], tzs[sl]) for sl in self._segslices]
# This extra fuss is to re-order face / edge colors
cface = self._facecolors3d
cedge = self._edgecolors3d
if len(cface) != len(xyzlist):
cface = cface.repeat(len(xyzlist), axis=0)
if len(cedge) != len(xyzlist):
if len(cedge) == 0:
cedge = cface
else:
cedge = cedge.repeat(len(xyzlist), axis=0)
# sort by depth (furthest drawn first)
z_segments_2d = sorted(
((self._zsortfunc(zs), np.column_stack([xs, ys]), fc, ec, idx)
for idx, ((xs, ys, zs), fc, ec)
in enumerate(zip(xyzlist, cface, cedge))),
key=lambda x: x[0], reverse=True)
zzs, segments_2d, self._facecolors2d, self._edgecolors2d, idxs = \
zip(*z_segments_2d)
if self._codes3d is not None:
codes = [self._codes3d[idx] for idx in idxs]
PolyCollection.set_verts_and_codes(self, segments_2d, codes)
else:
PolyCollection.set_verts(self, segments_2d, self._closed)
if len(self._edgecolors3d) != len(cface):
self._edgecolors2d = self._edgecolors3d
# Return zorder value
if self._sort_zpos is not None:
zvec = np.array([[0], [0], [self._sort_zpos], [1]])
ztrans = proj3d._proj_transform_vec(zvec, renderer.M)
return ztrans[2][0]
elif tzs.size > 0:
# FIXME: Some results still don't look quite right.
# In particular, examine contourf3d_demo2.py
# with az = -54 and elev = -45.
return np.min(tzs)
else:
return np.nan
def set_facecolor(self, colors):
PolyCollection.set_facecolor(self, colors)
self._facecolors3d = PolyCollection.get_facecolor(self)
def set_edgecolor(self, colors):
PolyCollection.set_edgecolor(self, colors)
self._edgecolors3d = PolyCollection.get_edgecolor(self)
def set_alpha(self, alpha):
# docstring inherited
artist.Artist.set_alpha(self, alpha)
try:
self._facecolors3d = mcolors.to_rgba_array(
self._facecolors3d, self._alpha)
except (AttributeError, TypeError, IndexError):
pass
try:
self._edgecolors = mcolors.to_rgba_array(
self._edgecolors3d, self._alpha)
except (AttributeError, TypeError, IndexError):
pass
self.stale = True
def get_facecolor(self):
return self._facecolors2d
def get_edgecolor(self):
return self._edgecolors2d
def poly_collection_2d_to_3d(col, zs=0, zdir='z'):
"""Convert a PolyCollection to a Poly3DCollection object."""
segments_3d, codes = _paths_to_3d_segments_with_codes(
col.get_paths(), zs, zdir)
col.__class__ = Poly3DCollection
col.set_verts_and_codes(segments_3d, codes)
col.set_3d_properties()
def juggle_axes(xs, ys, zs, zdir):
"""
Reorder coordinates so that 2D xs, ys can be plotted in the plane
orthogonal to zdir. zdir is normally x, y or z. However, if zdir
starts with a '-' it is interpreted as a compensation for rotate_axes.
"""
if zdir == 'x':
return zs, xs, ys
elif zdir == 'y':
return xs, zs, ys
elif zdir[0] == '-':
return rotate_axes(xs, ys, zs, zdir)
else:
return xs, ys, zs
def rotate_axes(xs, ys, zs, zdir):
"""
Reorder coordinates so that the axes are rotated with zdir along
the original z axis. Prepending the axis with a '-' does the
inverse transform, so zdir can be x, -x, y, -y, z or -z
"""
if zdir == 'x':
return ys, zs, xs
elif zdir == '-x':
return zs, xs, ys
elif zdir == 'y':
return zs, xs, ys
elif zdir == '-y':
return ys, zs, xs
else:
return xs, ys, zs
def _get_colors(c, num):
"""Stretch the color argument to provide the required number *num*."""
return np.broadcast_to(
mcolors.to_rgba_array(c) if len(c) else [0, 0, 0, 0],
(num, 4))
def _zalpha(colors, zs):
"""Modify the alphas of the color list according to depth."""
# FIXME: This only works well if the points for *zs* are well-spaced
# in all three dimensions. Otherwise, at certain orientations,
# the min and max zs are very close together.
# Should really normalize against the viewing depth.
if len(zs) == 0:
return np.zeros((0, 4))
norm = Normalize(min(zs), max(zs))
sats = 1 - norm(zs) * 0.7
rgba = np.broadcast_to(mcolors.to_rgba_array(colors), (len(zs), 4))
return np.column_stack([rgba[:, :3], rgba[:, 3] * sats])

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# axis3d.py, original mplot3d version by John Porter
# Created: 23 Sep 2005
# Parts rewritten by Reinier Heeres <reinier@heeres.eu>
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.transforms as mtransforms
from matplotlib import (
artist, lines as mlines, axis as maxis, patches as mpatches, rcParams)
from . import art3d, proj3d
def move_from_center(coord, centers, deltas, axmask=(True, True, True)):
"""
For each coordinate where *axmask* is True, move *coord* away from
*centers* by *deltas*.
"""
coord = np.asarray(coord)
return coord + axmask * np.copysign(1, coord - centers) * deltas
def tick_update_position(tick, tickxs, tickys, labelpos):
"""Update tick line and label position and style."""
tick.label1.set_position(labelpos)
tick.label2.set_position(labelpos)
tick.tick1line.set_visible(True)
tick.tick2line.set_visible(False)
tick.tick1line.set_linestyle('-')
tick.tick1line.set_marker('')
tick.tick1line.set_data(tickxs, tickys)
tick.gridline.set_data(0, 0)
class Axis(maxis.XAxis):
"""An Axis class for the 3D plots."""
# These points from the unit cube make up the x, y and z-planes
_PLANES = (
(0, 3, 7, 4), (1, 2, 6, 5), # yz planes
(0, 1, 5, 4), (3, 2, 6, 7), # xz planes
(0, 1, 2, 3), (4, 5, 6, 7), # xy planes
)
# Some properties for the axes
_AXINFO = {
'x': {'i': 0, 'tickdir': 1, 'juggled': (1, 0, 2),
'color': (0.95, 0.95, 0.95, 0.5)},
'y': {'i': 1, 'tickdir': 0, 'juggled': (0, 1, 2),
'color': (0.90, 0.90, 0.90, 0.5)},
'z': {'i': 2, 'tickdir': 0, 'juggled': (0, 2, 1),
'color': (0.925, 0.925, 0.925, 0.5)},
}
def __init__(self, adir, v_intervalx, d_intervalx, axes, *args,
rotate_label=None, **kwargs):
# adir identifies which axes this is
self.adir = adir
# This is a temporary member variable.
# Do not depend on this existing in future releases!
self._axinfo = self._AXINFO[adir].copy()
if rcParams['_internal.classic_mode']:
self._axinfo.update({
'label': {'va': 'center', 'ha': 'center'},
'tick': {
'inward_factor': 0.2,
'outward_factor': 0.1,
'linewidth': {
True: rcParams['lines.linewidth'], # major
False: rcParams['lines.linewidth'], # minor
}
},
'axisline': {'linewidth': 0.75, 'color': (0, 0, 0, 1)},
'grid': {
'color': (0.9, 0.9, 0.9, 1),
'linewidth': 1.0,
'linestyle': '-',
},
})
else:
self._axinfo.update({
'label': {'va': 'center', 'ha': 'center'},
'tick': {
'inward_factor': 0.2,
'outward_factor': 0.1,
'linewidth': {
True: ( # major
rcParams['xtick.major.width'] if adir in 'xz' else
rcParams['ytick.major.width']),
False: ( # minor
rcParams['xtick.minor.width'] if adir in 'xz' else
rcParams['ytick.minor.width']),
}
},
'axisline': {
'linewidth': rcParams['axes.linewidth'],
'color': rcParams['axes.edgecolor'],
},
'grid': {
'color': rcParams['grid.color'],
'linewidth': rcParams['grid.linewidth'],
'linestyle': rcParams['grid.linestyle'],
},
})
maxis.XAxis.__init__(self, axes, *args, **kwargs)
# data and viewing intervals for this direction
self.d_interval = d_intervalx
self.v_interval = v_intervalx
self.set_rotate_label(rotate_label)
def init3d(self):
self.line = mlines.Line2D(
xdata=(0, 0), ydata=(0, 0),
linewidth=self._axinfo['axisline']['linewidth'],
color=self._axinfo['axisline']['color'],
antialiased=True)
# Store dummy data in Polygon object
self.pane = mpatches.Polygon(
np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1], [1, 0], [0, 0]]),
closed=False, alpha=0.8, facecolor='k', edgecolor='k')
self.set_pane_color(self._axinfo['color'])
self.axes._set_artist_props(self.line)
self.axes._set_artist_props(self.pane)
self.gridlines = art3d.Line3DCollection([])
self.axes._set_artist_props(self.gridlines)
self.axes._set_artist_props(self.label)
self.axes._set_artist_props(self.offsetText)
# Need to be able to place the label at the correct location
self.label._transform = self.axes.transData
self.offsetText._transform = self.axes.transData
def get_major_ticks(self, numticks=None):
ticks = maxis.XAxis.get_major_ticks(self, numticks)
for t in ticks:
for obj in [
t.tick1line, t.tick2line, t.gridline, t.label1, t.label2]:
obj.set_transform(self.axes.transData)
return ticks
def get_minor_ticks(self, numticks=None):
ticks = maxis.XAxis.get_minor_ticks(self, numticks)
for t in ticks:
for obj in [
t.tick1line, t.tick2line, t.gridline, t.label1, t.label2]:
obj.set_transform(self.axes.transData)
return ticks
def set_pane_pos(self, xys):
xys = np.asarray(xys)
xys = xys[:, :2]
self.pane.xy = xys
self.stale = True
def set_pane_color(self, color):
"""Set pane color to a RGBA tuple."""
self._axinfo['color'] = color
self.pane.set_edgecolor(color)
self.pane.set_facecolor(color)
self.pane.set_alpha(color[-1])
self.stale = True
def set_rotate_label(self, val):
"""
Whether to rotate the axis label: True, False or None.
If set to None the label will be rotated if longer than 4 chars.
"""
self._rotate_label = val
self.stale = True
def get_rotate_label(self, text):
if self._rotate_label is not None:
return self._rotate_label
else:
return len(text) > 4
def _get_coord_info(self, renderer):
mins, maxs = np.array([
self.axes.get_xbound(),
self.axes.get_ybound(),
self.axes.get_zbound(),
]).T
centers = (maxs + mins) / 2.
deltas = (maxs - mins) / 12.
mins = mins - deltas / 4.
maxs = maxs + deltas / 4.
vals = mins[0], maxs[0], mins[1], maxs[1], mins[2], maxs[2]
tc = self.axes.tunit_cube(vals, renderer.M)
avgz = [tc[p1][2] + tc[p2][2] + tc[p3][2] + tc[p4][2]
for p1, p2, p3, p4 in self._PLANES]
highs = np.array([avgz[2*i] < avgz[2*i+1] for i in range(3)])
return mins, maxs, centers, deltas, tc, highs
def draw_pane(self, renderer):
renderer.open_group('pane3d', gid=self.get_gid())
mins, maxs, centers, deltas, tc, highs = self._get_coord_info(renderer)
info = self._axinfo
index = info['i']
if not highs[index]:
plane = self._PLANES[2 * index]
else:
plane = self._PLANES[2 * index + 1]
xys = [tc[p] for p in plane]
self.set_pane_pos(xys)
self.pane.draw(renderer)
renderer.close_group('pane3d')
@artist.allow_rasterization
def draw(self, renderer):
self.label._transform = self.axes.transData
renderer.open_group('axis3d', gid=self.get_gid())
ticks = self._update_ticks()
info = self._axinfo
index = info['i']
mins, maxs, centers, deltas, tc, highs = self._get_coord_info(renderer)
# Determine grid lines
minmax = np.where(highs, maxs, mins)
maxmin = np.where(highs, mins, maxs)
# Draw main axis line
juggled = info['juggled']
edgep1 = minmax.copy()
edgep1[juggled[0]] = maxmin[juggled[0]]
edgep2 = edgep1.copy()
edgep2[juggled[1]] = maxmin[juggled[1]]
pep = np.asarray(
proj3d.proj_trans_points([edgep1, edgep2], renderer.M))
centpt = proj3d.proj_transform(*centers, renderer.M)
self.line.set_data(pep[0], pep[1])
self.line.draw(renderer)
# Grid points where the planes meet
xyz0 = np.tile(minmax, (len(ticks), 1))
xyz0[:, index] = [tick.get_loc() for tick in ticks]
# Draw labels
# The transAxes transform is used because the Text object
# rotates the text relative to the display coordinate system.
# Therefore, if we want the labels to remain parallel to the
# axis regardless of the aspect ratio, we need to convert the
# edge points of the plane to display coordinates and calculate
# an angle from that.
# TODO: Maybe Text objects should handle this themselves?
dx, dy = (self.axes.transAxes.transform([pep[0:2, 1]]) -
self.axes.transAxes.transform([pep[0:2, 0]]))[0]
lxyz = 0.5 * (edgep1 + edgep2)
# A rough estimate; points are ambiguous since 3D plots rotate
ax_scale = self.axes.bbox.size / self.figure.bbox.size
ax_inches = np.multiply(ax_scale, self.figure.get_size_inches())
ax_points_estimate = sum(72. * ax_inches)
deltas_per_point = 48 / ax_points_estimate
default_offset = 21.
labeldeltas = (
(self.labelpad + default_offset) * deltas_per_point * deltas)
axmask = [True, True, True]
axmask[index] = False
lxyz = move_from_center(lxyz, centers, labeldeltas, axmask)
tlx, tly, tlz = proj3d.proj_transform(*lxyz, renderer.M)
self.label.set_position((tlx, tly))
if self.get_rotate_label(self.label.get_text()):
angle = art3d._norm_text_angle(np.rad2deg(np.arctan2(dy, dx)))
self.label.set_rotation(angle)
self.label.set_va(info['label']['va'])
self.label.set_ha(info['label']['ha'])
self.label.draw(renderer)
# Draw Offset text
# Which of the two edge points do we want to
# use for locating the offset text?
if juggled[2] == 2:
outeredgep = edgep1
outerindex = 0
else:
outeredgep = edgep2
outerindex = 1
pos = move_from_center(outeredgep, centers, labeldeltas, axmask)
olx, oly, olz = proj3d.proj_transform(*pos, renderer.M)
self.offsetText.set_text(self.major.formatter.get_offset())
self.offsetText.set_position((olx, oly))
angle = art3d._norm_text_angle(np.rad2deg(np.arctan2(dy, dx)))
self.offsetText.set_rotation(angle)
# Must set rotation mode to "anchor" so that
# the alignment point is used as the "fulcrum" for rotation.
self.offsetText.set_rotation_mode('anchor')
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Note: the following statement for determining the proper alignment of
# the offset text. This was determined entirely by trial-and-error
# and should not be in any way considered as "the way". There are
# still some edge cases where alignment is not quite right, but this
# seems to be more of a geometry issue (in other words, I might be
# using the wrong reference points).
#
# (TT, FF, TF, FT) are the shorthand for the tuple of
# (centpt[info['tickdir']] <= pep[info['tickdir'], outerindex],
# centpt[index] <= pep[index, outerindex])
#
# Three-letters (e.g., TFT, FTT) are short-hand for the array of bools
# from the variable 'highs'.
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------
if centpt[info['tickdir']] > pep[info['tickdir'], outerindex]:
# if FT and if highs has an even number of Trues
if (centpt[index] <= pep[index, outerindex]
and np.count_nonzero(highs) % 2 == 0):
# Usually, this means align right, except for the FTT case,
# in which offset for axis 1 and 2 are aligned left.
if highs.tolist() == [False, True, True] and index in (1, 2):
align = 'left'
else:
align = 'right'
else:
# The FF case
align = 'left'
else:
# if TF and if highs has an even number of Trues
if (centpt[index] > pep[index, outerindex]
and np.count_nonzero(highs) % 2 == 0):
# Usually mean align left, except if it is axis 2
if index == 2:
align = 'right'
else:
align = 'left'
else:
# The TT case
align = 'right'
self.offsetText.set_va('center')
self.offsetText.set_ha(align)
self.offsetText.draw(renderer)
if self.axes._draw_grid and len(ticks):
# Grid lines go from the end of one plane through the plane
# intersection (at xyz0) to the end of the other plane. The first
# point (0) differs along dimension index-2 and the last (2) along
# dimension index-1.
lines = np.stack([xyz0, xyz0, xyz0], axis=1)
lines[:, 0, index - 2] = maxmin[index - 2]
lines[:, 2, index - 1] = maxmin[index - 1]
self.gridlines.set_segments(lines)
self.gridlines.set_color(info['grid']['color'])
self.gridlines.set_linewidth(info['grid']['linewidth'])
self.gridlines.set_linestyle(info['grid']['linestyle'])
self.gridlines.draw(renderer, project=True)
# Draw ticks
tickdir = info['tickdir']
tickdelta = deltas[tickdir]
if highs[tickdir]:
ticksign = 1
else:
ticksign = -1
for tick in ticks:
# Get tick line positions
pos = edgep1.copy()
pos[index] = tick.get_loc()
pos[tickdir] = (
edgep1[tickdir]
+ info['tick']['outward_factor'] * ticksign * tickdelta)
x1, y1, z1 = proj3d.proj_transform(*pos, renderer.M)
pos[tickdir] = (
edgep1[tickdir]
- info['tick']['inward_factor'] * ticksign * tickdelta)
x2, y2, z2 = proj3d.proj_transform(*pos, renderer.M)
# Get position of label
default_offset = 8. # A rough estimate
labeldeltas = (
(tick.get_pad() + default_offset) * deltas_per_point * deltas)
axmask = [True, True, True]
axmask[index] = False
pos[tickdir] = edgep1[tickdir]
pos = move_from_center(pos, centers, labeldeltas, axmask)
lx, ly, lz = proj3d.proj_transform(*pos, renderer.M)
tick_update_position(tick, (x1, x2), (y1, y2), (lx, ly))
tick.tick1line.set_linewidth(
info['tick']['linewidth'][tick._major])
tick.draw(renderer)
renderer.close_group('axis3d')
self.stale = False
# TODO: Get this to work (more) properly when mplot3d supports the
# transforms framework.
def get_tightbbox(self, renderer, *, for_layout_only=False):
# inherited docstring
if not self.get_visible():
return
# We have to directly access the internal data structures
# (and hope they are up to date) because at draw time we
# shift the ticks and their labels around in (x, y) space
# based on the projection, the current view port, and their
# position in 3D space. If we extend the transforms framework
# into 3D we would not need to do this different book keeping
# than we do in the normal axis
major_locs = self.get_majorticklocs()
minor_locs = self.get_minorticklocs()
ticks = [*self.get_minor_ticks(len(minor_locs)),
*self.get_major_ticks(len(major_locs))]
view_low, view_high = self.get_view_interval()
if view_low > view_high:
view_low, view_high = view_high, view_low
interval_t = self.get_transform().transform([view_low, view_high])
ticks_to_draw = []
for tick in ticks:
try:
loc_t = self.get_transform().transform(tick.get_loc())
except AssertionError:
# Transform.transform doesn't allow masked values but
# some scales might make them, so we need this try/except.
pass
else:
if mtransforms._interval_contains_close(interval_t, loc_t):
ticks_to_draw.append(tick)
ticks = ticks_to_draw
bb_1, bb_2 = self._get_tick_bboxes(ticks, renderer)
other = []
if self.line.get_visible():
other.append(self.line.get_window_extent(renderer))
if (self.label.get_visible() and not for_layout_only and
self.label.get_text()):
other.append(self.label.get_window_extent(renderer))
return mtransforms.Bbox.union([*bb_1, *bb_2, *other])
@property
def d_interval(self):
return self.get_data_interval()
@d_interval.setter
def d_interval(self, minmax):
self.set_data_interval(*minmax)
@property
def v_interval(self):
return self.get_view_interval()
@v_interval.setter
def v_interval(self, minmax):
self.set_view_interval(*minmax)
# Use classes to look at different data limits
class XAxis(Axis):
get_view_interval, set_view_interval = maxis._make_getset_interval(
"view", "xy_viewLim", "intervalx")
get_data_interval, set_data_interval = maxis._make_getset_interval(
"data", "xy_dataLim", "intervalx")
class YAxis(Axis):
get_view_interval, set_view_interval = maxis._make_getset_interval(
"view", "xy_viewLim", "intervaly")
get_data_interval, set_data_interval = maxis._make_getset_interval(
"data", "xy_dataLim", "intervaly")
class ZAxis(Axis):
get_view_interval, set_view_interval = maxis._make_getset_interval(
"view", "zz_viewLim", "intervalx")
get_data_interval, set_data_interval = maxis._make_getset_interval(
"data", "zz_dataLim", "intervalx")

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"""
Various transforms used for by the 3D code
"""
import numpy as np
import numpy.linalg as linalg
def _line2d_seg_dist(p1, p2, p0):
"""
Return the distance(s) from line defined by p1 - p2 to point(s) p0.
p0[0] = x(s)
p0[1] = y(s)
intersection point p = p1 + u*(p2-p1)
and intersection point lies within segment if u is between 0 and 1
"""
x21 = p2[0] - p1[0]
y21 = p2[1] - p1[1]
x01 = np.asarray(p0[0]) - p1[0]
y01 = np.asarray(p0[1]) - p1[1]
u = (x01*x21 + y01*y21) / (x21**2 + y21**2)
u = np.clip(u, 0, 1)
d = np.hypot(x01 - u*x21, y01 - u*y21)
return d
def world_transformation(xmin, xmax,
ymin, ymax,
zmin, zmax, pb_aspect=None):
"""
Produce a matrix that scales homogeneous coords in the specified ranges
to [0, 1], or [0, pb_aspect[i]] if the plotbox aspect ratio is specified.
"""
dx = xmax - xmin
dy = ymax - ymin
dz = zmax - zmin
if pb_aspect is not None:
ax, ay, az = pb_aspect
dx /= ax
dy /= ay
dz /= az
return np.array([[1/dx, 0, 0, -xmin/dx],
[0, 1/dy, 0, -ymin/dy],
[0, 0, 1/dz, -zmin/dz],
[0, 0, 0, 1]])
def view_transformation(E, R, V):
n = (E - R)
## new
# n /= np.linalg.norm(n)
# u = np.cross(V, n)
# u /= np.linalg.norm(u)
# v = np.cross(n, u)
# Mr = np.diag([1.] * 4)
# Mt = np.diag([1.] * 4)
# Mr[:3,:3] = u, v, n
# Mt[:3,-1] = -E
## end new
## old
n = n / np.linalg.norm(n)
u = np.cross(V, n)
u = u / np.linalg.norm(u)
v = np.cross(n, u)
Mr = [[u[0], u[1], u[2], 0],
[v[0], v[1], v[2], 0],
[n[0], n[1], n[2], 0],
[0, 0, 0, 1]]
#
Mt = [[1, 0, 0, -E[0]],
[0, 1, 0, -E[1]],
[0, 0, 1, -E[2]],
[0, 0, 0, 1]]
## end old
return np.dot(Mr, Mt)
def persp_transformation(zfront, zback):
a = (zfront+zback)/(zfront-zback)
b = -2*(zfront*zback)/(zfront-zback)
return np.array([[1, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 1, 0, 0],
[0, 0, a, b],
[0, 0, -1, 0]])
def ortho_transformation(zfront, zback):
# note: w component in the resulting vector will be (zback-zfront), not 1
a = -(zfront + zback)
b = -(zfront - zback)
return np.array([[2, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 2, 0, 0],
[0, 0, -2, 0],
[0, 0, a, b]])
def _proj_transform_vec(vec, M):
vecw = np.dot(M, vec)
w = vecw[3]
# clip here..
txs, tys, tzs = vecw[0]/w, vecw[1]/w, vecw[2]/w
return txs, tys, tzs
def _proj_transform_vec_clip(vec, M):
vecw = np.dot(M, vec)
w = vecw[3]
# clip here.
txs, tys, tzs = vecw[0] / w, vecw[1] / w, vecw[2] / w
tis = (0 <= vecw[0]) & (vecw[0] <= 1) & (0 <= vecw[1]) & (vecw[1] <= 1)
if np.any(tis):
tis = vecw[1] < 1
return txs, tys, tzs, tis
def inv_transform(xs, ys, zs, M):
iM = linalg.inv(M)
vec = _vec_pad_ones(xs, ys, zs)
vecr = np.dot(iM, vec)
try:
vecr = vecr / vecr[3]
except OverflowError:
pass
return vecr[0], vecr[1], vecr[2]
def _vec_pad_ones(xs, ys, zs):
return np.array([xs, ys, zs, np.ones_like(xs)])
def proj_transform(xs, ys, zs, M):
"""
Transform the points by the projection matrix
"""
vec = _vec_pad_ones(xs, ys, zs)
return _proj_transform_vec(vec, M)
transform = proj_transform
def proj_transform_clip(xs, ys, zs, M):
"""
Transform the points by the projection matrix
and return the clipping result
returns txs, tys, tzs, tis
"""
vec = _vec_pad_ones(xs, ys, zs)
return _proj_transform_vec_clip(vec, M)
def proj_points(points, M):
return np.column_stack(proj_trans_points(points, M))
def proj_trans_points(points, M):
xs, ys, zs = zip(*points)
return proj_transform(xs, ys, zs, M)
def rot_x(V, alpha):
cosa, sina = np.cos(alpha), np.sin(alpha)
M1 = np.array([[1, 0, 0, 0],
[0, cosa, -sina, 0],
[0, sina, cosa, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 1]])
return np.dot(M1, V)