Uploaded Test files

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+"""
+An implementation of JSON Schema for Python
+
+The main functionality is provided by the validator classes for each of the
+supported JSON Schema versions.
+
+Most commonly, `validate` is the quickest way to simply validate a given
+instance under a schema, and will create a validator for you.
+"""
+
+from jsonschema.exceptions import (
+    ErrorTree, FormatError, RefResolutionError, SchemaError, ValidationError
+)
+from jsonschema._format import (
+    FormatChecker,
+    draft3_format_checker,
+    draft4_format_checker,
+    draft6_format_checker,
+    draft7_format_checker,
+)
+from jsonschema._types import TypeChecker
+from jsonschema.validators import (
+    Draft3Validator,
+    Draft4Validator,
+    Draft6Validator,
+    Draft7Validator,
+    RefResolver,
+    validate,
+)
+try:
+    from importlib import metadata
+except ImportError: # for Python<3.8
+    import importlib_metadata as metadata
+__version__ = metadata.version("jsonschema")

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/__main__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+from jsonschema.cli import main
+main()

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/_format.py

@@ -0,0 +1,425 @@
+import datetime
+import re
+import socket
+import struct
+
+from jsonschema.compat import str_types
+from jsonschema.exceptions import FormatError
+
+
+class FormatChecker(object):
+    """
+    A ``format`` property checker.
+
+    JSON Schema does not mandate that the ``format`` property actually do any
+    validation. If validation is desired however, instances of this class can
+    be hooked into validators to enable format validation.
+
+    `FormatChecker` objects always return ``True`` when asked about
+    formats that they do not know how to validate.
+
+    To check a custom format using a function that takes an instance and
+    returns a ``bool``, use the `FormatChecker.checks` or
+    `FormatChecker.cls_checks` decorators.
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        formats (~collections.Iterable):
+
+            The known formats to validate. This argument can be used to
+            limit which formats will be used during validation.
+    """
+
+    checkers = {}
+
+    def __init__(self, formats=None):
+        if formats is None:
+            self.checkers = self.checkers.copy()
+        else:
+            self.checkers = dict((k, self.checkers[k]) for k in formats)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<FormatChecker checkers={}>".format(sorted(self.checkers))
+
+    def checks(self, format, raises=()):
+        """
+        Register a decorated function as validating a new format.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            format (str):
+
+                The format that the decorated function will check.
+
+            raises (Exception):
+
+                The exception(s) raised by the decorated function when an
+                invalid instance is found.
+
+                The exception object will be accessible as the
+                `jsonschema.exceptions.ValidationError.cause` attribute of the
+                resulting validation error.
+        """
+
+        def _checks(func):
+            self.checkers[format] = (func, raises)
+            return func
+        return _checks
+
+    cls_checks = classmethod(checks)
+
+    def check(self, instance, format):
+        """
+        Check whether the instance conforms to the given format.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            instance (*any primitive type*, i.e. str, number, bool):
+
+                The instance to check
+
+            format (str):
+
+                The format that instance should conform to
+
+
+        Raises:
+
+            FormatError: if the instance does not conform to ``format``
+        """
+
+        if format not in self.checkers:
+            return
+
+        func, raises = self.checkers[format]
+        result, cause = None, None
+        try:
+            result = func(instance)
+        except raises as e:
+            cause = e
+        if not result:
+            raise FormatError(
+                "%r is not a %r" % (instance, format), cause=cause,
+            )
+
+    def conforms(self, instance, format):
+        """
+        Check whether the instance conforms to the given format.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            instance (*any primitive type*, i.e. str, number, bool):
+
+                The instance to check
+
+            format (str):
+
+                The format that instance should conform to
+
+        Returns:
+
+            bool: whether it conformed
+        """
+
+        try:
+            self.check(instance, format)
+        except FormatError:
+            return False
+        else:
+            return True
+
+
+draft3_format_checker = FormatChecker()
+draft4_format_checker = FormatChecker()
+draft6_format_checker = FormatChecker()
+draft7_format_checker = FormatChecker()
+
+
+_draft_checkers = dict(
+    draft3=draft3_format_checker,
+    draft4=draft4_format_checker,
+    draft6=draft6_format_checker,
+    draft7=draft7_format_checker,
+)
+
+
+def _checks_drafts(
+    name=None,
+    draft3=None,
+    draft4=None,
+    draft6=None,
+    draft7=None,
+    raises=(),
+):
+    draft3 = draft3 or name
+    draft4 = draft4 or name
+    draft6 = draft6 or name
+    draft7 = draft7 or name
+
+    def wrap(func):
+        if draft3:
+            func = _draft_checkers["draft3"].checks(draft3, raises)(func)
+        if draft4:
+            func = _draft_checkers["draft4"].checks(draft4, raises)(func)
+        if draft6:
+            func = _draft_checkers["draft6"].checks(draft6, raises)(func)
+        if draft7:
+            func = _draft_checkers["draft7"].checks(draft7, raises)(func)
+
+        # Oy. This is bad global state, but relied upon for now, until
+        # deprecation. See https://github.com/Julian/jsonschema/issues/519
+        # and test_format_checkers_come_with_defaults
+        FormatChecker.cls_checks(draft7 or draft6 or draft4 or draft3, raises)(
+            func,
+        )
+        return func
+    return wrap
+
+
+@_checks_drafts(name="idn-email")
+@_checks_drafts(name="email")
+def is_email(instance):
+    if not isinstance(instance, str_types):
+        return True
+    return "@" in instance
+
+
+_ipv4_re = re.compile(r"^\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}$")
+
+
+@_checks_drafts(
+    draft3="ip-address", draft4="ipv4", draft6="ipv4", draft7="ipv4",
+)
+def is_ipv4(instance):
+    if not isinstance(instance, str_types):
+        return True
+    if not _ipv4_re.match(instance):
+        return False
+    return all(0 <= int(component) <= 255 for component in instance.split("."))
+
+
+if hasattr(socket, "inet_pton"):
+    # FIXME: Really this only should raise struct.error, but see the sadness
+    #        that is https://twistedmatrix.com/trac/ticket/9409
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        name="ipv6", raises=(socket.error, struct.error, ValueError),
+    )
+    def is_ipv6(instance):
+        if not isinstance(instance, str_types):
+            return True
+        return socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET6, instance)
+
+
+_host_name_re = re.compile(r"^[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9\.\-]{1,255}$")
+
+
+@_checks_drafts(
+    draft3="host-name",
+    draft4="hostname",
+    draft6="hostname",
+    draft7="hostname",
+)
+def is_host_name(instance):
+    if not isinstance(instance, str_types):
+        return True
+    if not _host_name_re.match(instance):
+        return False
+    components = instance.split(".")
+    for component in components:
+        if len(component) > 63:
+            return False
+    return True
+
+
+try:
+    # The built-in `idna` codec only implements RFC 3890, so we go elsewhere.
+    import idna
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+else:
+    @_checks_drafts(draft7="idn-hostname", raises=idna.IDNAError)
+    def is_idn_host_name(instance):
+        if not isinstance(instance, str_types):
+            return True
+        idna.encode(instance)
+        return True
+
+
+try:
+    import rfc3987
+except ImportError:
+    try:
+        from rfc3986_validator import validate_rfc3986
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+    else:
+        @_checks_drafts(name="uri")
+        def is_uri(instance):
+            if not isinstance(instance, str_types):
+                return True
+            return validate_rfc3986(instance, rule="URI")
+
+        @_checks_drafts(
+            draft6="uri-reference",
+            draft7="uri-reference",
+            raises=ValueError,
+        )
+        def is_uri_reference(instance):
+            if not isinstance(instance, str_types):
+                return True
+            return validate_rfc3986(instance, rule="URI_reference")
+
+else:
+    @_checks_drafts(draft7="iri", raises=ValueError)
+    def is_iri(instance):
+        if not isinstance(instance, str_types):
+            return True
+        return rfc3987.parse(instance, rule="IRI")
+
+    @_checks_drafts(draft7="iri-reference", raises=ValueError)
+    def is_iri_reference(instance):
+        if not isinstance(instance, str_types):
+            return True
+        return rfc3987.parse(instance, rule="IRI_reference")
+
+    @_checks_drafts(name="uri", raises=ValueError)
+    def is_uri(instance):
+        if not isinstance(instance, str_types):
+            return True
+        return rfc3987.parse(instance, rule="URI")
+
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft6="uri-reference",
+        draft7="uri-reference",
+        raises=ValueError,
+    )
+    def is_uri_reference(instance):
+        if not isinstance(instance, str_types):
+            return True
+        return rfc3987.parse(instance, rule="URI_reference")
+
+
+try:
+    from strict_rfc3339 import validate_rfc3339
+except ImportError:
+    try:
+        from rfc3339_validator import validate_rfc3339
+    except ImportError:
+        validate_rfc3339 = None
+
+if validate_rfc3339:
+    @_checks_drafts(name="date-time")
+    def is_datetime(instance):
+        if not isinstance(instance, str_types):
+            return True
+        return validate_rfc3339(instance)
+
+    @_checks_drafts(draft7="time")
+    def is_time(instance):
+        if not isinstance(instance, str_types):
+            return True
+        return is_datetime("1970-01-01T" + instance)
+
+
+@_checks_drafts(name="regex", raises=re.error)
+def is_regex(instance):
+    if not isinstance(instance, str_types):
+        return True
+    return re.compile(instance)
+
+
+@_checks_drafts(draft3="date", draft7="date", raises=ValueError)
+def is_date(instance):
+    if not isinstance(instance, str_types):
+        return True
+    return datetime.datetime.strptime(instance, "%Y-%m-%d")
+
+
+@_checks_drafts(draft3="time", raises=ValueError)
+def is_draft3_time(instance):
+    if not isinstance(instance, str_types):
+        return True
+    return datetime.datetime.strptime(instance, "%H:%M:%S")
+
+
+try:
+    import webcolors
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+else:
+    def is_css_color_code(instance):
+        return webcolors.normalize_hex(instance)
+
+    @_checks_drafts(draft3="color", raises=(ValueError, TypeError))
+    def is_css21_color(instance):
+        if (
+            not isinstance(instance, str_types) or
+            instance.lower() in webcolors.css21_names_to_hex
+        ):
+            return True
+        return is_css_color_code(instance)
+
+    def is_css3_color(instance):
+        if instance.lower() in webcolors.css3_names_to_hex:
+            return True
+        return is_css_color_code(instance)
+
+
+try:
+    import jsonpointer
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+else:
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft6="json-pointer",
+        draft7="json-pointer",
+        raises=jsonpointer.JsonPointerException,
+    )
+    def is_json_pointer(instance):
+        if not isinstance(instance, str_types):
+            return True
+        return jsonpointer.JsonPointer(instance)
+
+    # TODO: I don't want to maintain this, so it
+    #       needs to go either into jsonpointer (pending
+    #       https://github.com/stefankoegl/python-json-pointer/issues/34) or
+    #       into a new external library.
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft7="relative-json-pointer",
+        raises=jsonpointer.JsonPointerException,
+    )
+    def is_relative_json_pointer(instance):
+        # Definition taken from:
+        # https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-handrews-relative-json-pointer-01#section-3
+        if not isinstance(instance, str_types):
+            return True
+        non_negative_integer, rest = [], ""
+        for i, character in enumerate(instance):
+            if character.isdigit():
+                non_negative_integer.append(character)
+                continue
+
+            if not non_negative_integer:
+                return False
+
+            rest = instance[i:]
+            break
+        return (rest == "#") or jsonpointer.JsonPointer(rest)
+
+
+try:
+    import uritemplate.exceptions
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+else:
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft6="uri-template",
+        draft7="uri-template",
+        raises=uritemplate.exceptions.InvalidTemplate,
+    )
+    def is_uri_template(
+        instance,
+        template_validator=uritemplate.Validator().force_balanced_braces(),
+    ):
+        template = uritemplate.URITemplate(instance)
+        return template_validator.validate(template)

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/_legacy_validators.py

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+from jsonschema import _utils
+from jsonschema.compat import iteritems
+from jsonschema.exceptions import ValidationError
+
+
+def dependencies_draft3(validator, dependencies, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for property, dependency in iteritems(dependencies):
+        if property not in instance:
+            continue
+
+        if validator.is_type(dependency, "object"):
+            for error in validator.descend(
+                instance, dependency, schema_path=property,
+            ):
+                yield error
+        elif validator.is_type(dependency, "string"):
+            if dependency not in instance:
+                yield ValidationError(
+                    "%r is a dependency of %r" % (dependency, property)
+                )
+        else:
+            for each in dependency:
+                if each not in instance:
+                    message = "%r is a dependency of %r"
+                    yield ValidationError(message % (each, property))
+
+
+def disallow_draft3(validator, disallow, instance, schema):
+    for disallowed in _utils.ensure_list(disallow):
+        if validator.is_valid(instance, {"type": [disallowed]}):
+            yield ValidationError(
+                "%r is disallowed for %r" % (disallowed, instance)
+            )
+
+
+def extends_draft3(validator, extends, instance, schema):
+    if validator.is_type(extends, "object"):
+        for error in validator.descend(instance, extends):
+            yield error
+        return
+    for index, subschema in enumerate(extends):
+        for error in validator.descend(instance, subschema, schema_path=index):
+            yield error
+
+
+def items_draft3_draft4(validator, items, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "array"):
+        return
+
+    if validator.is_type(items, "object"):
+        for index, item in enumerate(instance):
+            for error in validator.descend(item, items, path=index):
+                yield error
+    else:
+        for (index, item), subschema in zip(enumerate(instance), items):
+            for error in validator.descend(
+                item, subschema, path=index, schema_path=index,
+            ):
+                yield error
+
+
+def minimum_draft3_draft4(validator, minimum, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "number"):
+        return
+
+    if schema.get("exclusiveMinimum", False):
+        failed = instance <= minimum
+        cmp = "less than or equal to"
+    else:
+        failed = instance < minimum
+        cmp = "less than"
+
+    if failed:
+        yield ValidationError(
+            "%r is %s the minimum of %r" % (instance, cmp, minimum)
+        )
+
+
+def maximum_draft3_draft4(validator, maximum, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "number"):
+        return
+
+    if schema.get("exclusiveMaximum", False):
+        failed = instance >= maximum
+        cmp = "greater than or equal to"
+    else:
+        failed = instance > maximum
+        cmp = "greater than"
+
+    if failed:
+        yield ValidationError(
+            "%r is %s the maximum of %r" % (instance, cmp, maximum)
+        )
+
+
+def properties_draft3(validator, properties, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for property, subschema in iteritems(properties):
+        if property in instance:
+            for error in validator.descend(
+                instance[property],
+                subschema,
+                path=property,
+                schema_path=property,
+            ):
+                yield error
+        elif subschema.get("required", False):
+            error = ValidationError("%r is a required property" % property)
+            error._set(
+                validator="required",
+                validator_value=subschema["required"],
+                instance=instance,
+                schema=schema,
+            )
+            error.path.appendleft(property)
+            error.schema_path.extend([property, "required"])
+            yield error
+
+
+def type_draft3(validator, types, instance, schema):
+    types = _utils.ensure_list(types)
+
+    all_errors = []
+    for index, type in enumerate(types):
+        if validator.is_type(type, "object"):
+            errors = list(validator.descend(instance, type, schema_path=index))
+            if not errors:
+                return
+            all_errors.extend(errors)
+        else:
+            if validator.is_type(instance, type):
+                return
+    else:
+        yield ValidationError(
+            _utils.types_msg(instance, types), context=all_errors,
+        )

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/_reflect.py

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+# -*- test-case-name: twisted.test.test_reflect -*-
+# Copyright (c) Twisted Matrix Laboratories.
+# See LICENSE for details.
+
+"""
+Standardized versions of various cool and/or strange things that you can do
+with Python's reflection capabilities.
+"""
+
+import sys
+
+from jsonschema.compat import PY3
+
+
+class _NoModuleFound(Exception):
+    """
+    No module was found because none exists.
+    """
+
+
+
+class InvalidName(ValueError):
+    """
+    The given name is not a dot-separated list of Python objects.
+    """
+
+
+
+class ModuleNotFound(InvalidName):
+    """
+    The module associated with the given name doesn't exist and it can't be
+    imported.
+    """
+
+
+
+class ObjectNotFound(InvalidName):
+    """
+    The object associated with the given name doesn't exist and it can't be
+    imported.
+    """
+
+
+
+if PY3:
+    def reraise(exception, traceback):
+        raise exception.with_traceback(traceback)
+else:
+    exec("""def reraise(exception, traceback):
+        raise exception.__class__, exception, traceback""")
+
+reraise.__doc__ = """
+Re-raise an exception, with an optional traceback, in a way that is compatible
+with both Python 2 and Python 3.
+
+Note that on Python 3, re-raised exceptions will be mutated, with their
+C{__traceback__} attribute being set.
+
+@param exception: The exception instance.
+@param traceback: The traceback to use, or C{None} indicating a new traceback.
+"""
+
+
+def _importAndCheckStack(importName):
+    """
+    Import the given name as a module, then walk the stack to determine whether
+    the failure was the module not existing, or some code in the module (for
+    example a dependent import) failing.  This can be helpful to determine
+    whether any actual application code was run.  For example, to distiguish
+    administrative error (entering the wrong module name), from programmer
+    error (writing buggy code in a module that fails to import).
+
+    @param importName: The name of the module to import.
+    @type importName: C{str}
+    @raise Exception: if something bad happens.  This can be any type of
+        exception, since nobody knows what loading some arbitrary code might
+        do.
+    @raise _NoModuleFound: if no module was found.
+    """
+    try:
+        return __import__(importName)
+    except ImportError:
+        excType, excValue, excTraceback = sys.exc_info()
+        while excTraceback:
+            execName = excTraceback.tb_frame.f_globals["__name__"]
+            # in Python 2 execName is None when an ImportError is encountered,
+            # where in Python 3 execName is equal to the importName.
+            if execName is None or execName == importName:
+                reraise(excValue, excTraceback)
+            excTraceback = excTraceback.tb_next
+        raise _NoModuleFound()
+
+
+
+def namedAny(name):
+    """
+    Retrieve a Python object by its fully qualified name from the global Python
+    module namespace.  The first part of the name, that describes a module,
+    will be discovered and imported.  Each subsequent part of the name is
+    treated as the name of an attribute of the object specified by all of the
+    name which came before it.  For example, the fully-qualified name of this
+    object is 'twisted.python.reflect.namedAny'.
+
+    @type name: L{str}
+    @param name: The name of the object to return.
+
+    @raise InvalidName: If the name is an empty string, starts or ends with
+        a '.', or is otherwise syntactically incorrect.
+
+    @raise ModuleNotFound: If the name is syntactically correct but the
+        module it specifies cannot be imported because it does not appear to
+        exist.
+
+    @raise ObjectNotFound: If the name is syntactically correct, includes at
+        least one '.', but the module it specifies cannot be imported because
+        it does not appear to exist.
+
+    @raise AttributeError: If an attribute of an object along the way cannot be
+        accessed, or a module along the way is not found.
+
+    @return: the Python object identified by 'name'.
+    """
+    if not name:
+        raise InvalidName('Empty module name')
+
+    names = name.split('.')
+
+    # if the name starts or ends with a '.' or contains '..', the __import__
+    # will raise an 'Empty module name' error. This will provide a better error
+    # message.
+    if '' in names:
+        raise InvalidName(
+            "name must be a string giving a '.'-separated list of Python "
+            "identifiers, not %r" % (name,))
+
+    topLevelPackage = None
+    moduleNames = names[:]
+    while not topLevelPackage:
+        if moduleNames:
+            trialname = '.'.join(moduleNames)
+            try:
+                topLevelPackage = _importAndCheckStack(trialname)
+            except _NoModuleFound:
+                moduleNames.pop()
+        else:
+            if len(names) == 1:
+                raise ModuleNotFound("No module named %r" % (name,))
+            else:
+                raise ObjectNotFound('%r does not name an object' % (name,))
+
+    obj = topLevelPackage
+    for n in names[1:]:
+        obj = getattr(obj, n)
+
+    return obj

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/_types.py

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+import numbers
+
+from pyrsistent import pmap
+import attr
+
+from jsonschema.compat import int_types, str_types
+from jsonschema.exceptions import UndefinedTypeCheck
+
+
+def is_array(checker, instance):
+    return isinstance(instance, list)
+
+
+def is_bool(checker, instance):
+    return isinstance(instance, bool)
+
+
+def is_integer(checker, instance):
+    # bool inherits from int, so ensure bools aren't reported as ints
+    if isinstance(instance, bool):
+        return False
+    return isinstance(instance, int_types)
+
+
+def is_null(checker, instance):
+    return instance is None
+
+
+def is_number(checker, instance):
+    # bool inherits from int, so ensure bools aren't reported as ints
+    if isinstance(instance, bool):
+        return False
+    return isinstance(instance, numbers.Number)
+
+
+def is_object(checker, instance):
+    return isinstance(instance, dict)
+
+
+def is_string(checker, instance):
+    return isinstance(instance, str_types)
+
+
+def is_any(checker, instance):
+    return True
+
+
+@attr.s(frozen=True)
+class TypeChecker(object):
+    """
+    A ``type`` property checker.
+
+    A `TypeChecker` performs type checking for an `IValidator`. Type
+    checks to perform are updated using `TypeChecker.redefine` or
+    `TypeChecker.redefine_many` and removed via `TypeChecker.remove`.
+    Each of these return a new `TypeChecker` object.
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        type_checkers (dict):
+
+            The initial mapping of types to their checking functions.
+    """
+    _type_checkers = attr.ib(default=pmap(), converter=pmap)
+
+    def is_type(self, instance, type):
+        """
+        Check if the instance is of the appropriate type.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            instance (object):
+
+                The instance to check
+
+            type (str):
+
+                The name of the type that is expected.
+
+        Returns:
+
+            bool: Whether it conformed.
+
+
+        Raises:
+
+            `jsonschema.exceptions.UndefinedTypeCheck`:
+                if type is unknown to this object.
+        """
+        try:
+            fn = self._type_checkers[type]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise UndefinedTypeCheck(type)
+
+        return fn(self, instance)
+
+    def redefine(self, type, fn):
+        """
+        Produce a new checker with the given type redefined.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            type (str):
+
+                The name of the type to check.
+
+            fn (collections.Callable):
+
+                A function taking exactly two parameters - the type
+                checker calling the function and the instance to check.
+                The function should return true if instance is of this
+                type and false otherwise.
+
+        Returns:
+
+            A new `TypeChecker` instance.
+        """
+        return self.redefine_many({type: fn})
+
+    def redefine_many(self, definitions=()):
+        """
+        Produce a new checker with the given types redefined.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            definitions (dict):
+
+                A dictionary mapping types to their checking functions.
+
+        Returns:
+
+            A new `TypeChecker` instance.
+        """
+        return attr.evolve(
+            self, type_checkers=self._type_checkers.update(definitions),
+        )
+
+    def remove(self, *types):
+        """
+        Produce a new checker with the given types forgotten.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            types (~collections.Iterable):
+
+                the names of the types to remove.
+
+        Returns:
+
+            A new `TypeChecker` instance
+
+        Raises:
+
+            `jsonschema.exceptions.UndefinedTypeCheck`:
+
+                if any given type is unknown to this object
+        """
+
+        checkers = self._type_checkers
+        for each in types:
+            try:
+                checkers = checkers.remove(each)
+            except KeyError:
+                raise UndefinedTypeCheck(each)
+        return attr.evolve(self, type_checkers=checkers)
+
+
+draft3_type_checker = TypeChecker(
+    {
+        u"any": is_any,
+        u"array": is_array,
+        u"boolean": is_bool,
+        u"integer": is_integer,
+        u"object": is_object,
+        u"null": is_null,
+        u"number": is_number,
+        u"string": is_string,
+    },
+)
+draft4_type_checker = draft3_type_checker.remove(u"any")
+draft6_type_checker = draft4_type_checker.redefine(
+    u"integer",
+    lambda checker, instance: (
+        is_integer(checker, instance) or
+        isinstance(instance, float) and instance.is_integer()
+    ),
+)
+draft7_type_checker = draft6_type_checker

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/_utils.py

@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+import itertools
+import json
+import pkgutil
+import re
+
+from jsonschema.compat import MutableMapping, str_types, urlsplit
+
+
+class URIDict(MutableMapping):
+    """
+    Dictionary which uses normalized URIs as keys.
+    """
+
+    def normalize(self, uri):
+        return urlsplit(uri).geturl()
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.store = dict()
+        self.store.update(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, uri):
+        return self.store[self.normalize(uri)]
+
+    def __setitem__(self, uri, value):
+        self.store[self.normalize(uri)] = value
+
+    def __delitem__(self, uri):
+        del self.store[self.normalize(uri)]
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self.store)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self.store)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return repr(self.store)
+
+
+class Unset(object):
+    """
+    An as-of-yet unset attribute or unprovided default parameter.
+    """
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<unset>"
+
+
+def load_schema(name):
+    """
+    Load a schema from ./schemas/``name``.json and return it.
+    """
+
+    data = pkgutil.get_data("jsonschema", "schemas/{0}.json".format(name))
+    return json.loads(data.decode("utf-8"))
+
+
+def indent(string, times=1):
+    """
+    A dumb version of `textwrap.indent` from Python 3.3.
+    """
+
+    return "\n".join(" " * (4 * times) + line for line in string.splitlines())
+
+
+def format_as_index(indices):
+    """
+    Construct a single string containing indexing operations for the indices.
+
+    For example, [1, 2, "foo"] -> [1][2]["foo"]
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        indices (sequence):
+
+            The indices to format.
+    """
+
+    if not indices:
+        return ""
+    return "[%s]" % "][".join(repr(index) for index in indices)
+
+
+def find_additional_properties(instance, schema):
+    """
+    Return the set of additional properties for the given ``instance``.
+
+    Weeds out properties that should have been validated by ``properties`` and
+    / or ``patternProperties``.
+
+    Assumes ``instance`` is dict-like already.
+    """
+
+    properties = schema.get("properties", {})
+    patterns = "|".join(schema.get("patternProperties", {}))
+    for property in instance:
+        if property not in properties:
+            if patterns and re.search(patterns, property):
+                continue
+            yield property
+
+
+def extras_msg(extras):
+    """
+    Create an error message for extra items or properties.
+    """
+
+    if len(extras) == 1:
+        verb = "was"
+    else:
+        verb = "were"
+    return ", ".join(repr(extra) for extra in extras), verb
+
+
+def types_msg(instance, types):
+    """
+    Create an error message for a failure to match the given types.
+
+    If the ``instance`` is an object and contains a ``name`` property, it will
+    be considered to be a description of that object and used as its type.
+
+    Otherwise the message is simply the reprs of the given ``types``.
+    """
+
+    reprs = []
+    for type in types:
+        try:
+            reprs.append(repr(type["name"]))
+        except Exception:
+            reprs.append(repr(type))
+    return "%r is not of type %s" % (instance, ", ".join(reprs))
+
+
+def flatten(suitable_for_isinstance):
+    """
+    isinstance() can accept a bunch of really annoying different types:
+        * a single type
+        * a tuple of types
+        * an arbitrary nested tree of tuples
+
+    Return a flattened tuple of the given argument.
+    """
+
+    types = set()
+
+    if not isinstance(suitable_for_isinstance, tuple):
+        suitable_for_isinstance = (suitable_for_isinstance,)
+    for thing in suitable_for_isinstance:
+        if isinstance(thing, tuple):
+            types.update(flatten(thing))
+        else:
+            types.add(thing)
+    return tuple(types)
+
+
+def ensure_list(thing):
+    """
+    Wrap ``thing`` in a list if it's a single str.
+
+    Otherwise, return it unchanged.
+    """
+
+    if isinstance(thing, str_types):
+        return [thing]
+    return thing
+
+
+def equal(one, two):
+    """
+    Check if two things are equal, but evade booleans and ints being equal.
+    """
+    return unbool(one) == unbool(two)
+
+
+def unbool(element, true=object(), false=object()):
+    """
+    A hack to make True and 1 and False and 0 unique for ``uniq``.
+    """
+
+    if element is True:
+        return true
+    elif element is False:
+        return false
+    return element
+
+
+def uniq(container):
+    """
+    Check if all of a container's elements are unique.
+
+    Successively tries first to rely that the elements are hashable, then
+    falls back on them being sortable, and finally falls back on brute
+    force.
+    """
+
+    try:
+        return len(set(unbool(i) for i in container)) == len(container)
+    except TypeError:
+        try:
+            sort = sorted(unbool(i) for i in container)
+            sliced = itertools.islice(sort, 1, None)
+            for i, j in zip(sort, sliced):
+                if i == j:
+                    return False
+        except (NotImplementedError, TypeError):
+            seen = []
+            for e in container:
+                e = unbool(e)
+                if e in seen:
+                    return False
+                seen.append(e)
+    return True

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/_validators.py

@@ -0,0 +1,373 @@
+import re
+
+from jsonschema._utils import (
+    ensure_list,
+    equal,
+    extras_msg,
+    find_additional_properties,
+    types_msg,
+    unbool,
+    uniq,
+)
+from jsonschema.exceptions import FormatError, ValidationError
+from jsonschema.compat import iteritems
+
+
+def patternProperties(validator, patternProperties, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for pattern, subschema in iteritems(patternProperties):
+        for k, v in iteritems(instance):
+            if re.search(pattern, k):
+                for error in validator.descend(
+                    v, subschema, path=k, schema_path=pattern,
+                ):
+                    yield error
+
+
+def propertyNames(validator, propertyNames, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for property in instance:
+        for error in validator.descend(
+            instance=property,
+            schema=propertyNames,
+        ):
+            yield error
+
+
+def additionalProperties(validator, aP, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    extras = set(find_additional_properties(instance, schema))
+
+    if validator.is_type(aP, "object"):
+        for extra in extras:
+            for error in validator.descend(instance[extra], aP, path=extra):
+                yield error
+    elif not aP and extras:
+        if "patternProperties" in schema:
+            patterns = sorted(schema["patternProperties"])
+            if len(extras) == 1:
+                verb = "does"
+            else:
+                verb = "do"
+            error = "%s %s not match any of the regexes: %s" % (
+                ", ".join(map(repr, sorted(extras))),
+                verb,
+                ", ".join(map(repr, patterns)),
+            )
+            yield ValidationError(error)
+        else:
+            error = "Additional properties are not allowed (%s %s unexpected)"
+            yield ValidationError(error % extras_msg(extras))
+
+
+def items(validator, items, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "array"):
+        return
+
+    if validator.is_type(items, "array"):
+        for (index, item), subschema in zip(enumerate(instance), items):
+            for error in validator.descend(
+                item, subschema, path=index, schema_path=index,
+            ):
+                yield error
+    else:
+        for index, item in enumerate(instance):
+            for error in validator.descend(item, items, path=index):
+                yield error
+
+
+def additionalItems(validator, aI, instance, schema):
+    if (
+        not validator.is_type(instance, "array") or
+        validator.is_type(schema.get("items", {}), "object")
+    ):
+        return
+
+    len_items = len(schema.get("items", []))
+    if validator.is_type(aI, "object"):
+        for index, item in enumerate(instance[len_items:], start=len_items):
+            for error in validator.descend(item, aI, path=index):
+                yield error
+    elif not aI and len(instance) > len(schema.get("items", [])):
+        error = "Additional items are not allowed (%s %s unexpected)"
+        yield ValidationError(
+            error %
+            extras_msg(instance[len(schema.get("items", [])):])
+        )
+
+
+def const(validator, const, instance, schema):
+    if not equal(instance, const):
+        yield ValidationError("%r was expected" % (const,))
+
+
+def contains(validator, contains, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "array"):
+        return
+
+    if not any(validator.is_valid(element, contains) for element in instance):
+        yield ValidationError(
+            "None of %r are valid under the given schema" % (instance,)
+        )
+
+
+def exclusiveMinimum(validator, minimum, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "number"):
+        return
+
+    if instance <= minimum:
+        yield ValidationError(
+            "%r is less than or equal to the minimum of %r" % (
+                instance, minimum,
+            ),
+        )
+
+
+def exclusiveMaximum(validator, maximum, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "number"):
+        return
+
+    if instance >= maximum:
+        yield ValidationError(
+            "%r is greater than or equal to the maximum of %r" % (
+                instance, maximum,
+            ),
+        )
+
+
+def minimum(validator, minimum, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "number"):
+        return
+
+    if instance < minimum:
+        yield ValidationError(
+            "%r is less than the minimum of %r" % (instance, minimum)
+        )
+
+
+def maximum(validator, maximum, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "number"):
+        return
+
+    if instance > maximum:
+        yield ValidationError(
+            "%r is greater than the maximum of %r" % (instance, maximum)
+        )
+
+
+def multipleOf(validator, dB, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "number"):
+        return
+
+    if isinstance(dB, float):
+        quotient = instance / dB
+        failed = int(quotient) != quotient
+    else:
+        failed = instance % dB
+
+    if failed:
+        yield ValidationError("%r is not a multiple of %r" % (instance, dB))
+
+
+def minItems(validator, mI, instance, schema):
+    if validator.is_type(instance, "array") and len(instance) < mI:
+        yield ValidationError("%r is too short" % (instance,))
+
+
+def maxItems(validator, mI, instance, schema):
+    if validator.is_type(instance, "array") and len(instance) > mI:
+        yield ValidationError("%r is too long" % (instance,))
+
+
+def uniqueItems(validator, uI, instance, schema):
+    if (
+        uI and
+        validator.is_type(instance, "array") and
+        not uniq(instance)
+    ):
+        yield ValidationError("%r has non-unique elements" % (instance,))
+
+
+def pattern(validator, patrn, instance, schema):
+    if (
+        validator.is_type(instance, "string") and
+        not re.search(patrn, instance)
+    ):
+        yield ValidationError("%r does not match %r" % (instance, patrn))
+
+
+def format(validator, format, instance, schema):
+    if validator.format_checker is not None:
+        try:
+            validator.format_checker.check(instance, format)
+        except FormatError as error:
+            yield ValidationError(error.message, cause=error.cause)
+
+
+def minLength(validator, mL, instance, schema):
+    if validator.is_type(instance, "string") and len(instance) < mL:
+        yield ValidationError("%r is too short" % (instance,))
+
+
+def maxLength(validator, mL, instance, schema):
+    if validator.is_type(instance, "string") and len(instance) > mL:
+        yield ValidationError("%r is too long" % (instance,))
+
+
+def dependencies(validator, dependencies, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for property, dependency in iteritems(dependencies):
+        if property not in instance:
+            continue
+
+        if validator.is_type(dependency, "array"):
+            for each in dependency:
+                if each not in instance:
+                    message = "%r is a dependency of %r"
+                    yield ValidationError(message % (each, property))
+        else:
+            for error in validator.descend(
+                instance, dependency, schema_path=property,
+            ):
+                yield error
+
+
+def enum(validator, enums, instance, schema):
+    if instance == 0 or instance == 1:
+        unbooled = unbool(instance)
+        if all(unbooled != unbool(each) for each in enums):
+            yield ValidationError("%r is not one of %r" % (instance, enums))
+    elif instance not in enums:
+        yield ValidationError("%r is not one of %r" % (instance, enums))
+
+
+def ref(validator, ref, instance, schema):
+    resolve = getattr(validator.resolver, "resolve", None)
+    if resolve is None:
+        with validator.resolver.resolving(ref) as resolved:
+            for error in validator.descend(instance, resolved):
+                yield error
+    else:
+        scope, resolved = validator.resolver.resolve(ref)
+        validator.resolver.push_scope(scope)
+
+        try:
+            for error in validator.descend(instance, resolved):
+                yield error
+        finally:
+            validator.resolver.pop_scope()
+
+
+def type(validator, types, instance, schema):
+    types = ensure_list(types)
+
+    if not any(validator.is_type(instance, type) for type in types):
+        yield ValidationError(types_msg(instance, types))
+
+
+def properties(validator, properties, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for property, subschema in iteritems(properties):
+        if property in instance:
+            for error in validator.descend(
+                instance[property],
+                subschema,
+                path=property,
+                schema_path=property,
+            ):
+                yield error
+
+
+def required(validator, required, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+    for property in required:
+        if property not in instance:
+            yield ValidationError("%r is a required property" % property)
+
+
+def minProperties(validator, mP, instance, schema):
+    if validator.is_type(instance, "object") and len(instance) < mP:
+        yield ValidationError(
+            "%r does not have enough properties" % (instance,)
+        )
+
+
+def maxProperties(validator, mP, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+    if validator.is_type(instance, "object") and len(instance) > mP:
+        yield ValidationError("%r has too many properties" % (instance,))
+
+
+def allOf(validator, allOf, instance, schema):
+    for index, subschema in enumerate(allOf):
+        for error in validator.descend(instance, subschema, schema_path=index):
+            yield error
+
+
+def anyOf(validator, anyOf, instance, schema):
+    all_errors = []
+    for index, subschema in enumerate(anyOf):
+        errs = list(validator.descend(instance, subschema, schema_path=index))
+        if not errs:
+            break
+        all_errors.extend(errs)
+    else:
+        yield ValidationError(
+            "%r is not valid under any of the given schemas" % (instance,),
+            context=all_errors,
+        )
+
+
+def oneOf(validator, oneOf, instance, schema):
+    subschemas = enumerate(oneOf)
+    all_errors = []
+    for index, subschema in subschemas:
+        errs = list(validator.descend(instance, subschema, schema_path=index))
+        if not errs:
+            first_valid = subschema
+            break
+        all_errors.extend(errs)
+    else:
+        yield ValidationError(
+            "%r is not valid under any of the given schemas" % (instance,),
+            context=all_errors,
+        )
+
+    more_valid = [s for i, s in subschemas if validator.is_valid(instance, s)]
+    if more_valid:
+        more_valid.append(first_valid)
+        reprs = ", ".join(repr(schema) for schema in more_valid)
+        yield ValidationError(
+            "%r is valid under each of %s" % (instance, reprs)
+        )
+
+
+def not_(validator, not_schema, instance, schema):
+    if validator.is_valid(instance, not_schema):
+        yield ValidationError(
+            "%r is not allowed for %r" % (not_schema, instance)
+        )
+
+
+def if_(validator, if_schema, instance, schema):
+    if validator.is_valid(instance, if_schema):
+        if u"then" in schema:
+            then = schema[u"then"]
+            for error in validator.descend(instance, then, schema_path="then"):
+                yield error
+    elif u"else" in schema:
+        else_ = schema[u"else"]
+        for error in validator.descend(instance, else_, schema_path="else"):
+            yield error

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+"""
+Benchmarks for validation.
+
+This package is *not* public API.
+"""

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/issue232.py

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+"""
+A performance benchmark using the example from issue #232.
+
+See https://github.com/Julian/jsonschema/pull/232.
+"""
+from twisted.python.filepath import FilePath
+from pyperf import Runner
+from pyrsistent import m
+
+from jsonschema.tests._suite import Version
+import jsonschema
+
+
+issue232 = Version(
+    path=FilePath(__file__).sibling("issue232"),
+    remotes=m(),
+    name="issue232",
+)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    issue232.benchmark(
+        runner=Runner(),
+        Validator=jsonschema.Draft4Validator,
+    )

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/json_schema_test_suite.py

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+"""
+A performance benchmark using the official test suite.
+
+This benchmarks jsonschema using every valid example in the
+JSON-Schema-Test-Suite. It will take some time to complete.
+"""
+from pyperf import Runner
+
+from jsonschema.tests._suite import Suite
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    Suite().benchmark(runner=Runner())

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/cli.py

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+"""
+The ``jsonschema`` command line.
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+import argparse
+import json
+import sys
+
+from jsonschema import __version__
+from jsonschema._reflect import namedAny
+from jsonschema.validators import validator_for
+
+
+def _namedAnyWithDefault(name):
+    if "." not in name:
+        name = "jsonschema." + name
+    return namedAny(name)
+
+
+def _json_file(path):
+    with open(path) as file:
+        return json.load(file)
+
+
+parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+    description="JSON Schema Validation CLI",
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    "-i", "--instance",
+    action="append",
+    dest="instances",
+    type=_json_file,
+    help=(
+        "a path to a JSON instance (i.e. filename.json) "
+        "to validate (may be specified multiple times)"
+    ),
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    "-F", "--error-format",
+    default="{error.instance}: {error.message}\n",
+    help=(
+        "the format to use for each error output message, specified in "
+        "a form suitable for passing to str.format, which will be called "
+        "with 'error' for each error"
+    ),
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    "-V", "--validator",
+    type=_namedAnyWithDefault,
+    help=(
+        "the fully qualified object name of a validator to use, or, for "
+        "validators that are registered with jsonschema, simply the name "
+        "of the class."
+    ),
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    "--version",
+    action="version",
+    version=__version__,
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    "schema",
+    help="the JSON Schema to validate with (i.e. schema.json)",
+    type=_json_file,
+)
+
+
+def parse_args(args):
+    arguments = vars(parser.parse_args(args=args or ["--help"]))
+    if arguments["validator"] is None:
+        arguments["validator"] = validator_for(arguments["schema"])
+    return arguments
+
+
+def main(args=sys.argv[1:]):
+    sys.exit(run(arguments=parse_args(args=args)))
+
+
+def run(arguments, stdout=sys.stdout, stderr=sys.stderr):
+    error_format = arguments["error_format"]
+    validator = arguments["validator"](schema=arguments["schema"])
+
+    validator.check_schema(arguments["schema"])
+
+    errored = False
+    for instance in arguments["instances"] or ():
+        for error in validator.iter_errors(instance):
+            stderr.write(error_format.format(error=error))
+            errored = True
+    return errored

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/compat.py

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+"""
+Python 2/3 compatibility helpers.
+
+Note: This module is *not* public API.
+"""
+import contextlib
+import operator
+import sys
+
+
+try:
+    from collections.abc import MutableMapping, Sequence  # noqa
+except ImportError:
+    from collections import MutableMapping, Sequence  # noqa
+
+PY3 = sys.version_info[0] >= 3
+
+if PY3:
+    zip = zip
+    from functools import lru_cache
+    from io import StringIO as NativeIO
+    from urllib.parse import (
+        unquote, urljoin, urlunsplit, SplitResult, urlsplit
+    )
+    from urllib.request import pathname2url, urlopen
+    str_types = str,
+    int_types = int,
+    iteritems = operator.methodcaller("items")
+else:
+    from itertools import izip as zip  # noqa
+    from io import BytesIO as NativeIO
+    from urlparse import urljoin, urlunsplit, SplitResult, urlsplit
+    from urllib import pathname2url, unquote  # noqa
+    import urllib2  # noqa
+    def urlopen(*args, **kwargs):
+        return contextlib.closing(urllib2.urlopen(*args, **kwargs))
+
+    str_types = basestring
+    int_types = int, long
+    iteritems = operator.methodcaller("iteritems")
+
+    from functools32 import lru_cache
+
+
+def urldefrag(url):
+    if "#" in url:
+        s, n, p, q, frag = urlsplit(url)
+        defrag = urlunsplit((s, n, p, q, ""))
+    else:
+        defrag = url
+        frag = ""
+    return defrag, frag
+
+
+# flake8: noqa

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/exceptions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,374 @@
+"""
+Validation errors, and some surrounding helpers.
+"""
+from collections import defaultdict, deque
+import itertools
+import pprint
+import textwrap
+
+import attr
+
+from jsonschema import _utils
+from jsonschema.compat import PY3, iteritems
+
+
+WEAK_MATCHES = frozenset(["anyOf", "oneOf"])
+STRONG_MATCHES = frozenset()
+
+_unset = _utils.Unset()
+
+
+class _Error(Exception):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        message,
+        validator=_unset,
+        path=(),
+        cause=None,
+        context=(),
+        validator_value=_unset,
+        instance=_unset,
+        schema=_unset,
+        schema_path=(),
+        parent=None,
+    ):
+        super(_Error, self).__init__(
+            message,
+            validator,
+            path,
+            cause,
+            context,
+            validator_value,
+            instance,
+            schema,
+            schema_path,
+            parent,
+        )
+        self.message = message
+        self.path = self.relative_path = deque(path)
+        self.schema_path = self.relative_schema_path = deque(schema_path)
+        self.context = list(context)
+        self.cause = self.__cause__ = cause
+        self.validator = validator
+        self.validator_value = validator_value
+        self.instance = instance
+        self.schema = schema
+        self.parent = parent
+
+        for error in context:
+            error.parent = self
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<%s: %r>" % (self.__class__.__name__, self.message)
+
+    def __unicode__(self):
+        essential_for_verbose = (
+            self.validator, self.validator_value, self.instance, self.schema,
+        )
+        if any(m is _unset for m in essential_for_verbose):
+            return self.message
+
+        pschema = pprint.pformat(self.schema, width=72)
+        pinstance = pprint.pformat(self.instance, width=72)
+        return self.message + textwrap.dedent("""
+
+            Failed validating %r in %s%s:
+            %s
+
+            On %s%s:
+            %s
+            """.rstrip()
+        ) % (
+            self.validator,
+            self._word_for_schema_in_error_message,
+            _utils.format_as_index(list(self.relative_schema_path)[:-1]),
+            _utils.indent(pschema),
+            self._word_for_instance_in_error_message,
+            _utils.format_as_index(self.relative_path),
+            _utils.indent(pinstance),
+        )
+
+    if PY3:
+        __str__ = __unicode__
+    else:
+        def __str__(self):
+            return unicode(self).encode("utf-8")
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create_from(cls, other):
+        return cls(**other._contents())
+
+    @property
+    def absolute_path(self):
+        parent = self.parent
+        if parent is None:
+            return self.relative_path
+
+        path = deque(self.relative_path)
+        path.extendleft(reversed(parent.absolute_path))
+        return path
+
+    @property
+    def absolute_schema_path(self):
+        parent = self.parent
+        if parent is None:
+            return self.relative_schema_path
+
+        path = deque(self.relative_schema_path)
+        path.extendleft(reversed(parent.absolute_schema_path))
+        return path
+
+    def _set(self, **kwargs):
+        for k, v in iteritems(kwargs):
+            if getattr(self, k) is _unset:
+                setattr(self, k, v)
+
+    def _contents(self):
+        attrs = (
+            "message", "cause", "context", "validator", "validator_value",
+            "path", "schema_path", "instance", "schema", "parent",
+        )
+        return dict((attr, getattr(self, attr)) for attr in attrs)
+
+
+class ValidationError(_Error):
+    """
+    An instance was invalid under a provided schema.
+    """
+
+    _word_for_schema_in_error_message = "schema"
+    _word_for_instance_in_error_message = "instance"
+
+
+class SchemaError(_Error):
+    """
+    A schema was invalid under its corresponding metaschema.
+    """
+
+    _word_for_schema_in_error_message = "metaschema"
+    _word_for_instance_in_error_message = "schema"
+
+
+@attr.s(hash=True)
+class RefResolutionError(Exception):
+    """
+    A ref could not be resolved.
+    """
+
+    _cause = attr.ib()
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return str(self._cause)
+
+
+class UndefinedTypeCheck(Exception):
+    """
+    A type checker was asked to check a type it did not have registered.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, type):
+        self.type = type
+
+    def __unicode__(self):
+        return "Type %r is unknown to this type checker" % self.type
+
+    if PY3:
+        __str__ = __unicode__
+    else:
+        def __str__(self):
+            return unicode(self).encode("utf-8")
+
+
+class UnknownType(Exception):
+    """
+    A validator was asked to validate an instance against an unknown type.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, type, instance, schema):
+        self.type = type
+        self.instance = instance
+        self.schema = schema
+
+    def __unicode__(self):
+        pschema = pprint.pformat(self.schema, width=72)
+        pinstance = pprint.pformat(self.instance, width=72)
+        return textwrap.dedent("""
+            Unknown type %r for validator with schema:
+            %s
+
+            While checking instance:
+            %s
+            """.rstrip()
+        ) % (self.type, _utils.indent(pschema), _utils.indent(pinstance))
+
+    if PY3:
+        __str__ = __unicode__
+    else:
+        def __str__(self):
+            return unicode(self).encode("utf-8")
+
+
+class FormatError(Exception):
+    """
+    Validating a format failed.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, message, cause=None):
+        super(FormatError, self).__init__(message, cause)
+        self.message = message
+        self.cause = self.__cause__ = cause
+
+    def __unicode__(self):
+        return self.message
+
+    if PY3:
+        __str__ = __unicode__
+    else:
+        def __str__(self):
+            return self.message.encode("utf-8")
+
+
+class ErrorTree(object):
+    """
+    ErrorTrees make it easier to check which validations failed.
+    """
+
+    _instance = _unset
+
+    def __init__(self, errors=()):
+        self.errors = {}
+        self._contents = defaultdict(self.__class__)
+
+        for error in errors:
+            container = self
+            for element in error.path:
+                container = container[element]
+            container.errors[error.validator] = error
+
+            container._instance = error.instance
+
+    def __contains__(self, index):
+        """
+        Check whether ``instance[index]`` has any errors.
+        """
+
+        return index in self._contents
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        """
+        Retrieve the child tree one level down at the given ``index``.
+
+        If the index is not in the instance that this tree corresponds to and
+        is not known by this tree, whatever error would be raised by
+        ``instance.__getitem__`` will be propagated (usually this is some
+        subclass of `exceptions.LookupError`.
+        """
+
+        if self._instance is not _unset and index not in self:
+            self._instance[index]
+        return self._contents[index]
+
+    def __setitem__(self, index, value):
+        """
+        Add an error to the tree at the given ``index``.
+        """
+        self._contents[index] = value
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """
+        Iterate (non-recursively) over the indices in the instance with errors.
+        """
+
+        return iter(self._contents)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        """
+        Return the `total_errors`.
+        """
+        return self.total_errors
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<%s (%s total errors)>" % (self.__class__.__name__, len(self))
+
+    @property
+    def total_errors(self):
+        """
+        The total number of errors in the entire tree, including children.
+        """
+
+        child_errors = sum(len(tree) for _, tree in iteritems(self._contents))
+        return len(self.errors) + child_errors
+
+
+def by_relevance(weak=WEAK_MATCHES, strong=STRONG_MATCHES):
+    """
+    Create a key function that can be used to sort errors by relevance.
+
+    Arguments:
+        weak (set):
+            a collection of validator names to consider to be "weak".
+            If there are two errors at the same level of the instance
+            and one is in the set of weak validator names, the other
+            error will take priority. By default, :validator:`anyOf` and
+            :validator:`oneOf` are considered weak validators and will
+            be superseded by other same-level validation errors.
+
+        strong (set):
+            a collection of validator names to consider to be "strong"
+    """
+    def relevance(error):
+        validator = error.validator
+        return -len(error.path), validator not in weak, validator in strong
+    return relevance
+
+
+relevance = by_relevance()
+
+
+def best_match(errors, key=relevance):
+    """
+    Try to find an error that appears to be the best match among given errors.
+
+    In general, errors that are higher up in the instance (i.e. for which
+    `ValidationError.path` is shorter) are considered better matches,
+    since they indicate "more" is wrong with the instance.
+
+    If the resulting match is either :validator:`oneOf` or :validator:`anyOf`,
+    the *opposite* assumption is made -- i.e. the deepest error is picked,
+    since these validators only need to match once, and any other errors may
+    not be relevant.
+
+    Arguments:
+        errors (collections.Iterable):
+
+            the errors to select from. Do not provide a mixture of
+            errors from different validation attempts (i.e. from
+            different instances or schemas), since it won't produce
+            sensical output.
+
+        key (collections.Callable):
+
+            the key to use when sorting errors. See `relevance` and
+            transitively `by_relevance` for more details (the default is
+            to sort with the defaults of that function). Changing the
+            default is only useful if you want to change the function
+            that rates errors but still want the error context descent
+            done by this function.
+
+    Returns:
+        the best matching error, or ``None`` if the iterable was empty
+
+    .. note::
+
+        This function is a heuristic. Its return value may change for a given
+        set of inputs from version to version if better heuristics are added.
+    """
+    errors = iter(errors)
+    best = next(errors, None)
+    if best is None:
+        return
+    best = max(itertools.chain([best], errors), key=key)
+
+    while best.context:
+        best = min(best.context, key=key)
+    return best

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft3.json

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+{
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-03/schema#",
+    "dependencies": {
+        "exclusiveMaximum": "maximum",
+        "exclusiveMinimum": "minimum"
+    },
+    "id": "http://json-schema.org/draft-03/schema#",
+    "properties": {
+        "$ref": {
+            "format": "uri",
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "$schema": {
+            "format": "uri",
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "additionalItems": {
+            "default": {},
+            "type": [
+                {
+                    "$ref": "#"
+                },
+                "boolean"
+            ]
+        },
+        "additionalProperties": {
+            "default": {},
+            "type": [
+                {
+                    "$ref": "#"
+                },
+                "boolean"
+            ]
+        },
+        "default": {
+            "type": "any"
+        },
+        "dependencies": {
+            "additionalProperties": {
+                "items": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "type": [
+                    "string",
+                    "array",
+                    {
+                        "$ref": "#"
+                    }
+                ]
+            },
+            "default": {},
+            "type": [
+                "string",
+                "array",
+                "object"
+            ]
+        },
+        "description": {
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "disallow": {
+            "items": {
+                "type": [
+                    "string",
+                    {
+                        "$ref": "#"
+                    }
+                ]
+            },
+            "type": [
+                "string",
+                "array"
+            ],
+            "uniqueItems": true
+        },
+        "divisibleBy": {
+            "default": 1,
+            "exclusiveMinimum": true,
+            "minimum": 0,
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "enum": {
+            "type": "array"
+        },
+        "exclusiveMaximum": {
+            "default": false,
+            "type": "boolean"
+        },
+        "exclusiveMinimum": {
+            "default": false,
+            "type": "boolean"
+        },
+        "extends": {
+            "default": {},
+            "items": {
+                "$ref": "#"
+            },
+            "type": [
+                {
+                    "$ref": "#"
+                },
+                "array"
+            ]
+        },
+        "format": {
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "id": {
+            "format": "uri",
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "items": {
+            "default": {},
+            "items": {
+                "$ref": "#"
+            },
+            "type": [
+                {
+                    "$ref": "#"
+                },
+                "array"
+            ]
+        },
+        "maxDecimal": {
+            "minimum": 0,
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "maxItems": {
+            "minimum": 0,
+            "type": "integer"
+        },
+        "maxLength": {
+            "type": "integer"
+        },
+        "maximum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "minItems": {
+            "default": 0,
+            "minimum": 0,
+            "type": "integer"
+        },
+        "minLength": {
+            "default": 0,
+            "minimum": 0,
+            "type": "integer"
+        },
+        "minimum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "pattern": {
+            "format": "regex",
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "patternProperties": {
+            "additionalProperties": {
+                "$ref": "#"
+            },
+            "default": {},
+            "type": "object"
+        },
+        "properties": {
+            "additionalProperties": {
+                "$ref": "#",
+                "type": "object"
+            },
+            "default": {},
+            "type": "object"
+        },
+        "required": {
+            "default": false,
+            "type": "boolean"
+        },
+        "title": {
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "type": {
+            "default": "any",
+            "items": {
+                "type": [
+                    "string",
+                    {
+                        "$ref": "#"
+                    }
+                ]
+            },
+            "type": [
+                "string",
+                "array"
+            ],
+            "uniqueItems": true
+        },
+        "uniqueItems": {
+            "default": false,
+            "type": "boolean"
+        }
+    },
+    "type": "object"
+}

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft4.json

@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+{
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-04/schema#",
+    "default": {},
+    "definitions": {
+        "positiveInteger": {
+            "minimum": 0,
+            "type": "integer"
+        },
+        "positiveIntegerDefault0": {
+            "allOf": [
+                {
+                    "$ref": "#/definitions/positiveInteger"
+                },
+                {
+                    "default": 0
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        "schemaArray": {
+            "items": {
+                "$ref": "#"
+            },
+            "minItems": 1,
+            "type": "array"
+        },
+        "simpleTypes": {
+            "enum": [
+                "array",
+                "boolean",
+                "integer",
+                "null",
+                "number",
+                "object",
+                "string"
+            ]
+        },
+        "stringArray": {
+            "items": {
+                "type": "string"
+            },
+            "minItems": 1,
+            "type": "array",
+            "uniqueItems": true
+        }
+    },
+    "dependencies": {
+        "exclusiveMaximum": [
+            "maximum"
+        ],
+        "exclusiveMinimum": [
+            "minimum"
+        ]
+    },
+    "description": "Core schema meta-schema",
+    "id": "http://json-schema.org/draft-04/schema#",
+    "properties": {
+        "$schema": {
+            "format": "uri",
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "additionalItems": {
+            "anyOf": [
+                {
+                    "type": "boolean"
+                },
+                {
+                    "$ref": "#"
+                }
+            ],
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "additionalProperties": {
+            "anyOf": [
+                {
+                    "type": "boolean"
+                },
+                {
+                    "$ref": "#"
+                }
+            ],
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "allOf": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray"
+        },
+        "anyOf": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray"
+        },
+        "default": {},
+        "definitions": {
+            "additionalProperties": {
+                "$ref": "#"
+            },
+            "default": {},
+            "type": "object"
+        },
+        "dependencies": {
+            "additionalProperties": {
+                "anyOf": [
+                    {
+                        "$ref": "#"
+                    },
+                    {
+                        "$ref": "#/definitions/stringArray"
+                    }
+                ]
+            },
+            "type": "object"
+        },
+        "description": {
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "enum": {
+            "type": "array"
+        },
+        "exclusiveMaximum": {
+            "default": false,
+            "type": "boolean"
+        },
+        "exclusiveMinimum": {
+            "default": false,
+            "type": "boolean"
+        },
+        "format": {
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "id": {
+            "format": "uri",
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "items": {
+            "anyOf": [
+                {
+                    "$ref": "#"
+                },
+                {
+                    "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray"
+                }
+            ],
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "maxItems": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/positiveInteger"
+        },
+        "maxLength": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/positiveInteger"
+        },
+        "maxProperties": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/positiveInteger"
+        },
+        "maximum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "minItems": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/positiveIntegerDefault0"
+        },
+        "minLength": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/positiveIntegerDefault0"
+        },
+        "minProperties": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/positiveIntegerDefault0"
+        },
+        "minimum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "multipleOf": {
+            "exclusiveMinimum": true,
+            "minimum": 0,
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "not": {
+            "$ref": "#"
+        },
+        "oneOf": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray"
+        },
+        "pattern": {
+            "format": "regex",
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "patternProperties": {
+            "additionalProperties": {
+                "$ref": "#"
+            },
+            "default": {},
+            "type": "object"
+        },
+        "properties": {
+            "additionalProperties": {
+                "$ref": "#"
+            },
+            "default": {},
+            "type": "object"
+        },
+        "required": {
+            "$ref": "#/definitions/stringArray"
+        },
+        "title": {
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "type": {
+            "anyOf": [
+                {
+                    "$ref": "#/definitions/simpleTypes"
+                },
+                {
+                    "items": {
+                        "$ref": "#/definitions/simpleTypes"
+                    },
+                    "minItems": 1,
+                    "type": "array",
+                    "uniqueItems": true
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        "uniqueItems": {
+            "default": false,
+            "type": "boolean"
+        }
+    },
+    "type": "object"
+}

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft6.json

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+{
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-06/schema#",
+    "$id": "http://json-schema.org/draft-06/schema#",
+    "title": "Core schema meta-schema",
+    "definitions": {
+        "schemaArray": {
+            "type": "array",
+            "minItems": 1,
+            "items": { "$ref": "#" }
+        },
+        "nonNegativeInteger": {
+            "type": "integer",
+            "minimum": 0
+        },
+        "nonNegativeIntegerDefault0": {
+            "allOf": [
+                { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeInteger" },
+                { "default": 0 }
+            ]
+        },
+        "simpleTypes": {
+            "enum": [
+                "array",
+                "boolean",
+                "integer",
+                "null",
+                "number",
+                "object",
+                "string"
+            ]
+        },
+        "stringArray": {
+            "type": "array",
+            "items": { "type": "string" },
+            "uniqueItems": true,
+            "default": []
+        }
+    },
+    "type": ["object", "boolean"],
+    "properties": {
+        "$id": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "uri-reference"
+        },
+        "$schema": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "uri"
+        },
+        "$ref": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "uri-reference"
+        },
+        "title": {
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "description": {
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "default": {},
+        "examples": {
+            "type": "array",
+            "items": {}
+        },
+        "multipleOf": {
+            "type": "number",
+            "exclusiveMinimum": 0
+        },
+        "maximum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "exclusiveMaximum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "minimum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "exclusiveMinimum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "maxLength": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeInteger" },
+        "minLength": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeIntegerDefault0" },
+        "pattern": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "regex"
+        },
+        "additionalItems": { "$ref": "#" },
+        "items": {
+            "anyOf": [
+                { "$ref": "#" },
+                { "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray" }
+            ],
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "maxItems": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeInteger" },
+        "minItems": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeIntegerDefault0" },
+        "uniqueItems": {
+            "type": "boolean",
+            "default": false
+        },
+        "contains": { "$ref": "#" },
+        "maxProperties": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeInteger" },
+        "minProperties": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeIntegerDefault0" },
+        "required": { "$ref": "#/definitions/stringArray" },
+        "additionalProperties": { "$ref": "#" },
+        "definitions": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": { "$ref": "#" },
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "properties": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": { "$ref": "#" },
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "patternProperties": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": { "$ref": "#" },
+            "propertyNames": { "format": "regex" },
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "dependencies": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": {
+                "anyOf": [
+                    { "$ref": "#" },
+                    { "$ref": "#/definitions/stringArray" }
+                ]
+            }
+        },
+        "propertyNames": { "$ref": "#" },
+        "const": {},
+        "enum": {
+            "type": "array"
+        },
+        "type": {
+            "anyOf": [
+                { "$ref": "#/definitions/simpleTypes" },
+                {
+                    "type": "array",
+                    "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/simpleTypes" },
+                    "minItems": 1,
+                    "uniqueItems": true
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        "format": { "type": "string" },
+        "allOf": { "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray" },
+        "anyOf": { "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray" },
+        "oneOf": { "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray" },
+        "not": { "$ref": "#" }
+    },
+    "default": {}
+}

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/schemas/draft7.json

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+{
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+    "$id": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+    "title": "Core schema meta-schema",
+    "definitions": {
+        "schemaArray": {
+            "type": "array",
+            "minItems": 1,
+            "items": { "$ref": "#" }
+        },
+        "nonNegativeInteger": {
+            "type": "integer",
+            "minimum": 0
+        },
+        "nonNegativeIntegerDefault0": {
+            "allOf": [
+                { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeInteger" },
+                { "default": 0 }
+            ]
+        },
+        "simpleTypes": {
+            "enum": [
+                "array",
+                "boolean",
+                "integer",
+                "null",
+                "number",
+                "object",
+                "string"
+            ]
+        },
+        "stringArray": {
+            "type": "array",
+            "items": { "type": "string" },
+            "uniqueItems": true,
+            "default": []
+        }
+    },
+    "type": ["object", "boolean"],
+    "properties": {
+        "$id": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "uri-reference"
+        },
+        "$schema": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "uri"
+        },
+        "$ref": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "uri-reference"
+        },
+        "$comment": {
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "title": {
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "description": {
+            "type": "string"
+        },
+        "default": true,
+        "readOnly": {
+            "type": "boolean",
+            "default": false
+        },
+        "examples": {
+            "type": "array",
+            "items": true
+        },
+        "multipleOf": {
+            "type": "number",
+            "exclusiveMinimum": 0
+        },
+        "maximum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "exclusiveMaximum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "minimum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "exclusiveMinimum": {
+            "type": "number"
+        },
+        "maxLength": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeInteger" },
+        "minLength": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeIntegerDefault0" },
+        "pattern": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "regex"
+        },
+        "additionalItems": { "$ref": "#" },
+        "items": {
+            "anyOf": [
+                { "$ref": "#" },
+                { "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray" }
+            ],
+            "default": true
+        },
+        "maxItems": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeInteger" },
+        "minItems": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeIntegerDefault0" },
+        "uniqueItems": {
+            "type": "boolean",
+            "default": false
+        },
+        "contains": { "$ref": "#" },
+        "maxProperties": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeInteger" },
+        "minProperties": { "$ref": "#/definitions/nonNegativeIntegerDefault0" },
+        "required": { "$ref": "#/definitions/stringArray" },
+        "additionalProperties": { "$ref": "#" },
+        "definitions": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": { "$ref": "#" },
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "properties": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": { "$ref": "#" },
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "patternProperties": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": { "$ref": "#" },
+            "propertyNames": { "format": "regex" },
+            "default": {}
+        },
+        "dependencies": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": {
+                "anyOf": [
+                    { "$ref": "#" },
+                    { "$ref": "#/definitions/stringArray" }
+                ]
+            }
+        },
+        "propertyNames": { "$ref": "#" },
+        "const": true,
+        "enum": {
+            "type": "array",
+            "items": true
+        },
+        "type": {
+            "anyOf": [
+                { "$ref": "#/definitions/simpleTypes" },
+                {
+                    "type": "array",
+                    "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/simpleTypes" },
+                    "minItems": 1,
+                    "uniqueItems": true
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        "format": { "type": "string" },
+        "contentMediaType": { "type": "string" },
+        "contentEncoding": { "type": "string" },
+        "if": {"$ref": "#"},
+        "then": {"$ref": "#"},
+        "else": {"$ref": "#"},
+        "allOf": { "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray" },
+        "anyOf": { "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray" },
+        "oneOf": { "$ref": "#/definitions/schemaArray" },
+        "not": { "$ref": "#" }
+    },
+    "default": true
+}

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/_helpers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+def bug(issue=None):
+    message = "A known bug."
+    if issue is not None:
+        message += " See issue #{issue}.".format(issue=issue)
+    return message

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/_suite.py

@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+"""
+Python representations of the JSON Schema Test Suite tests.
+"""
+
+from functools import partial
+import json
+import os
+import re
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import unittest
+
+from twisted.python.filepath import FilePath
+import attr
+
+from jsonschema.compat import PY3
+from jsonschema.validators import validators
+import jsonschema
+
+
+def _find_suite():
+    root = os.environ.get("JSON_SCHEMA_TEST_SUITE")
+    if root is not None:
+        return FilePath(root)
+
+    root = FilePath(jsonschema.__file__).parent().sibling("json")
+    if not root.isdir():  # pragma: no cover
+        raise ValueError(
+            (
+                "Can't find the JSON-Schema-Test-Suite directory. "
+                "Set the 'JSON_SCHEMA_TEST_SUITE' environment "
+                "variable or run the tests from alongside a checkout "
+                "of the suite."
+            ),
+        )
+    return root
+
+
+@attr.s(hash=True)
+class Suite(object):
+
+    _root = attr.ib(default=attr.Factory(_find_suite))
+
+    def _remotes(self):
+        jsonschema_suite = self._root.descendant(["bin", "jsonschema_suite"])
+        remotes = subprocess.check_output(
+            [sys.executable, jsonschema_suite.path, "remotes"],
+        )
+        return {
+            "http://localhost:1234/" + name: schema
+            for name, schema in json.loads(remotes.decode("utf-8")).items()
+        }
+
+    def benchmark(self, runner):  # pragma: no cover
+        for name in validators:
+            self.version(name=name).benchmark(runner=runner)
+
+    def version(self, name):
+        return Version(
+            name=name,
+            path=self._root.descendant(["tests", name]),
+            remotes=self._remotes(),
+        )
+
+
+@attr.s(hash=True)
+class Version(object):
+
+    _path = attr.ib()
+    _remotes = attr.ib()
+
+    name = attr.ib()
+
+    def benchmark(self, runner, **kwargs):  # pragma: no cover
+        for suite in self.tests():
+            for test in suite:
+                runner.bench_func(
+                    test.fully_qualified_name,
+                    partial(test.validate_ignoring_errors, **kwargs),
+                )
+
+    def tests(self):
+        return (
+            test
+            for child in self._path.globChildren("*.json")
+            for test in self._tests_in(
+                subject=child.basename()[:-5],
+                path=child,
+            )
+        )
+
+    def format_tests(self):
+        path = self._path.descendant(["optional", "format"])
+        return (
+            test
+            for child in path.globChildren("*.json")
+            for test in self._tests_in(
+                subject=child.basename()[:-5],
+                path=child,
+            )
+        )
+
+    def tests_of(self, name):
+        return self._tests_in(
+            subject=name,
+            path=self._path.child(name + ".json"),
+        )
+
+    def optional_tests_of(self, name):
+        return self._tests_in(
+            subject=name,
+            path=self._path.descendant(["optional", name + ".json"]),
+        )
+
+    def to_unittest_testcase(self, *suites, **kwargs):
+        name = kwargs.pop("name", "Test" + self.name.title())
+        methods = {
+            test.method_name: test.to_unittest_method(**kwargs)
+            for suite in suites
+            for tests in suite
+            for test in tests
+        }
+        cls = type(name, (unittest.TestCase,), methods)
+
+        try:
+            cls.__module__ = _someone_save_us_the_module_of_the_caller()
+        except Exception:  # pragma: no cover
+            # We're doing crazy things, so if they go wrong, like a function
+            # behaving differently on some other interpreter, just make them
+            # not happen.
+            pass
+
+        return cls
+
+    def _tests_in(self, subject, path):
+        for each in json.loads(path.getContent().decode("utf-8")):
+            yield (
+                _Test(
+                    version=self,
+                    subject=subject,
+                    case_description=each["description"],
+                    schema=each["schema"],
+                    remotes=self._remotes,
+                    **test
+                ) for test in each["tests"]
+            )
+
+
+@attr.s(hash=True, repr=False)
+class _Test(object):
+
+    version = attr.ib()
+
+    subject = attr.ib()
+    case_description = attr.ib()
+    description = attr.ib()
+
+    data = attr.ib()
+    schema = attr.ib(repr=False)
+
+    valid = attr.ib()
+
+    _remotes = attr.ib()
+
+    def __repr__(self):  # pragma: no cover
+        return "<Test {}>".format(self.fully_qualified_name)
+
+    @property
+    def fully_qualified_name(self):  # pragma: no cover
+        return " > ".join(
+            [
+                self.version.name,
+                self.subject,
+                self.case_description,
+                self.description,
+            ]
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def method_name(self):
+        delimiters = r"[\W\- ]+"
+        name = "test_%s_%s_%s" % (
+            re.sub(delimiters, "_", self.subject),
+            re.sub(delimiters, "_", self.case_description),
+            re.sub(delimiters, "_", self.description),
+        )
+
+        if not PY3:  # pragma: no cover
+            name = name.encode("utf-8")
+        return name
+
+    def to_unittest_method(self, skip=lambda test: None, **kwargs):
+        if self.valid:
+            def fn(this):
+                self.validate(**kwargs)
+        else:
+            def fn(this):
+                with this.assertRaises(jsonschema.ValidationError):
+                    self.validate(**kwargs)
+
+        fn.__name__ = self.method_name
+        reason = skip(self)
+        return unittest.skipIf(reason is not None, reason)(fn)
+
+    def validate(self, Validator, **kwargs):
+        resolver = jsonschema.RefResolver.from_schema(
+            schema=self.schema,
+            store=self._remotes,
+            id_of=Validator.ID_OF,
+        )
+        jsonschema.validate(
+            instance=self.data,
+            schema=self.schema,
+            cls=Validator,
+            resolver=resolver,
+            **kwargs
+        )
+
+    def validate_ignoring_errors(self, Validator):  # pragma: no cover
+        try:
+            self.validate(Validator=Validator)
+        except jsonschema.ValidationError:
+            pass
+
+
+def _someone_save_us_the_module_of_the_caller():
+    """
+    The FQON of the module 2nd stack frames up from here.
+
+    This is intended to allow us to dynamicallly return test case classes that
+    are indistinguishable from being defined in the module that wants them.
+
+    Otherwise, trial will mis-print the FQON, and copy pasting it won't re-run
+    the class that really is running.
+
+    Save us all, this is all so so so so so terrible.
+    """
+
+    return sys._getframe(2).f_globals["__name__"]

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_cli.py

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+from unittest import TestCase
+import json
+import subprocess
+import sys
+
+from jsonschema import Draft4Validator, ValidationError, cli, __version__
+from jsonschema.compat import NativeIO
+from jsonschema.exceptions import SchemaError
+
+
+def fake_validator(*errors):
+    errors = list(reversed(errors))
+
+    class FakeValidator(object):
+        def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            pass
+
+        def iter_errors(self, instance):
+            if errors:
+                return errors.pop()
+            return []
+
+        def check_schema(self, schema):
+            pass
+
+    return FakeValidator
+
+
+class TestParser(TestCase):
+
+    FakeValidator = fake_validator()
+    instance_file = "foo.json"
+    schema_file = "schema.json"
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        cli.open = self.fake_open
+        self.addCleanup(delattr, cli, "open")
+
+    def fake_open(self, path):
+        if path == self.instance_file:
+            contents = ""
+        elif path == self.schema_file:
+            contents = {}
+        else:  # pragma: no cover
+            self.fail("What is {!r}".format(path))
+        return NativeIO(json.dumps(contents))
+
+    def test_find_validator_by_fully_qualified_object_name(self):
+        arguments = cli.parse_args(
+            [
+                "--validator",
+                "jsonschema.tests.test_cli.TestParser.FakeValidator",
+                "--instance", self.instance_file,
+                self.schema_file,
+            ]
+        )
+        self.assertIs(arguments["validator"], self.FakeValidator)
+
+    def test_find_validator_in_jsonschema(self):
+        arguments = cli.parse_args(
+            [
+                "--validator", "Draft4Validator",
+                "--instance", self.instance_file,
+                self.schema_file,
+            ]
+        )
+        self.assertIs(arguments["validator"], Draft4Validator)
+
+
+class TestCLI(TestCase):
+    def test_draft3_schema_draft4_validator(self):
+        stdout, stderr = NativeIO(), NativeIO()
+        with self.assertRaises(SchemaError):
+            cli.run(
+                {
+                    "validator": Draft4Validator,
+                    "schema": {
+                        "anyOf": [
+                            {"minimum": 20},
+                            {"type": "string"},
+                            {"required": True},
+                        ],
+                    },
+                    "instances": [1],
+                    "error_format": "{error.message}",
+                },
+                stdout=stdout,
+                stderr=stderr,
+            )
+
+    def test_successful_validation(self):
+        stdout, stderr = NativeIO(), NativeIO()
+        exit_code = cli.run(
+            {
+                "validator": fake_validator(),
+                "schema": {},
+                "instances": [1],
+                "error_format": "{error.message}",
+            },
+            stdout=stdout,
+            stderr=stderr,
+        )
+        self.assertFalse(stdout.getvalue())
+        self.assertFalse(stderr.getvalue())
+        self.assertEqual(exit_code, 0)
+
+    def test_unsuccessful_validation(self):
+        error = ValidationError("I am an error!", instance=1)
+        stdout, stderr = NativeIO(), NativeIO()
+        exit_code = cli.run(
+            {
+                "validator": fake_validator([error]),
+                "schema": {},
+                "instances": [1],
+                "error_format": "{error.instance} - {error.message}",
+            },
+            stdout=stdout,
+            stderr=stderr,
+        )
+        self.assertFalse(stdout.getvalue())
+        self.assertEqual(stderr.getvalue(), "1 - I am an error!")
+        self.assertEqual(exit_code, 1)
+
+    def test_unsuccessful_validation_multiple_instances(self):
+        first_errors = [
+            ValidationError("9", instance=1),
+            ValidationError("8", instance=1),
+        ]
+        second_errors = [ValidationError("7", instance=2)]
+        stdout, stderr = NativeIO(), NativeIO()
+        exit_code = cli.run(
+            {
+                "validator": fake_validator(first_errors, second_errors),
+                "schema": {},
+                "instances": [1, 2],
+                "error_format": "{error.instance} - {error.message}\t",
+            },
+            stdout=stdout,
+            stderr=stderr,
+        )
+        self.assertFalse(stdout.getvalue())
+        self.assertEqual(stderr.getvalue(), "1 - 9\t1 - 8\t2 - 7\t")
+        self.assertEqual(exit_code, 1)
+
+    def test_version(self):
+        version = subprocess.check_output(
+            [sys.executable, "-m", "jsonschema", "--version"],
+            stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
+        )
+        version = version.decode("utf-8").strip()
+        self.assertEqual(version, __version__)

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_exceptions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,462 @@
+from unittest import TestCase
+import textwrap
+
+from jsonschema import Draft4Validator, exceptions
+from jsonschema.compat import PY3
+
+
+class TestBestMatch(TestCase):
+    def best_match(self, errors):
+        errors = list(errors)
+        best = exceptions.best_match(errors)
+        reversed_best = exceptions.best_match(reversed(errors))
+        msg = "Didn't return a consistent best match!\nGot: {0}\n\nThen: {1}"
+        self.assertEqual(
+            best._contents(), reversed_best._contents(),
+            msg=msg.format(best, reversed_best),
+        )
+        return best
+
+    def test_shallower_errors_are_better_matches(self):
+        validator = Draft4Validator(
+            {
+                "properties": {
+                    "foo": {
+                        "minProperties": 2,
+                        "properties": {"bar": {"type": "object"}},
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        )
+        best = self.best_match(validator.iter_errors({"foo": {"bar": []}}))
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator, "minProperties")
+
+    def test_oneOf_and_anyOf_are_weak_matches(self):
+        """
+        A property you *must* match is probably better than one you have to
+        match a part of.
+        """
+
+        validator = Draft4Validator(
+            {
+                "minProperties": 2,
+                "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "number"}],
+                "oneOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "number"}],
+            }
+        )
+        best = self.best_match(validator.iter_errors({}))
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator, "minProperties")
+
+    def test_if_the_most_relevant_error_is_anyOf_it_is_traversed(self):
+        """
+        If the most relevant error is an anyOf, then we traverse its context
+        and select the otherwise *least* relevant error, since in this case
+        that means the most specific, deep, error inside the instance.
+
+        I.e. since only one of the schemas must match, we look for the most
+        relevant one.
+        """
+
+        validator = Draft4Validator(
+            {
+                "properties": {
+                    "foo": {
+                        "anyOf": [
+                            {"type": "string"},
+                            {"properties": {"bar": {"type": "array"}}},
+                        ],
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        )
+        best = self.best_match(validator.iter_errors({"foo": {"bar": 12}}))
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator_value, "array")
+
+    def test_if_the_most_relevant_error_is_oneOf_it_is_traversed(self):
+        """
+        If the most relevant error is an oneOf, then we traverse its context
+        and select the otherwise *least* relevant error, since in this case
+        that means the most specific, deep, error inside the instance.
+
+        I.e. since only one of the schemas must match, we look for the most
+        relevant one.
+        """
+
+        validator = Draft4Validator(
+            {
+                "properties": {
+                    "foo": {
+                        "oneOf": [
+                            {"type": "string"},
+                            {"properties": {"bar": {"type": "array"}}},
+                        ],
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        )
+        best = self.best_match(validator.iter_errors({"foo": {"bar": 12}}))
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator_value, "array")
+
+    def test_if_the_most_relevant_error_is_allOf_it_is_traversed(self):
+        """
+        Now, if the error is allOf, we traverse but select the *most* relevant
+        error from the context, because all schemas here must match anyways.
+        """
+
+        validator = Draft4Validator(
+            {
+                "properties": {
+                    "foo": {
+                        "allOf": [
+                            {"type": "string"},
+                            {"properties": {"bar": {"type": "array"}}},
+                        ],
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        )
+        best = self.best_match(validator.iter_errors({"foo": {"bar": 12}}))
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator_value, "string")
+
+    def test_nested_context_for_oneOf(self):
+        validator = Draft4Validator(
+            {
+                "properties": {
+                    "foo": {
+                        "oneOf": [
+                            {"type": "string"},
+                            {
+                                "oneOf": [
+                                    {"type": "string"},
+                                    {
+                                        "properties": {
+                                            "bar": {"type": "array"},
+                                        },
+                                    },
+                                ],
+                            },
+                        ],
+                    },
+                },
+            },
+        )
+        best = self.best_match(validator.iter_errors({"foo": {"bar": 12}}))
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator_value, "array")
+
+    def test_one_error(self):
+        validator = Draft4Validator({"minProperties": 2})
+        error, = validator.iter_errors({})
+        self.assertEqual(
+            exceptions.best_match(validator.iter_errors({})).validator,
+            "minProperties",
+        )
+
+    def test_no_errors(self):
+        validator = Draft4Validator({})
+        self.assertIsNone(exceptions.best_match(validator.iter_errors({})))
+
+
+class TestByRelevance(TestCase):
+    def test_short_paths_are_better_matches(self):
+        shallow = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh no!", path=["baz"])
+        deep = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh yes!", path=["foo", "bar"])
+        match = max([shallow, deep], key=exceptions.relevance)
+        self.assertIs(match, shallow)
+
+        match = max([deep, shallow], key=exceptions.relevance)
+        self.assertIs(match, shallow)
+
+    def test_global_errors_are_even_better_matches(self):
+        shallow = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh no!", path=[])
+        deep = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh yes!", path=["foo"])
+
+        errors = sorted([shallow, deep], key=exceptions.relevance)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            [list(error.path) for error in errors],
+            [["foo"], []],
+        )
+
+        errors = sorted([deep, shallow], key=exceptions.relevance)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            [list(error.path) for error in errors],
+            [["foo"], []],
+        )
+
+    def test_weak_validators_are_lower_priority(self):
+        weak = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh no!", path=[], validator="a")
+        normal = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh yes!", path=[], validator="b")
+
+        best_match = exceptions.by_relevance(weak="a")
+
+        match = max([weak, normal], key=best_match)
+        self.assertIs(match, normal)
+
+        match = max([normal, weak], key=best_match)
+        self.assertIs(match, normal)
+
+    def test_strong_validators_are_higher_priority(self):
+        weak = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh no!", path=[], validator="a")
+        normal = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh yes!", path=[], validator="b")
+        strong = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh fine!", path=[], validator="c")
+
+        best_match = exceptions.by_relevance(weak="a", strong="c")
+
+        match = max([weak, normal, strong], key=best_match)
+        self.assertIs(match, strong)
+
+        match = max([strong, normal, weak], key=best_match)
+        self.assertIs(match, strong)
+
+
+class TestErrorTree(TestCase):
+    def test_it_knows_how_many_total_errors_it_contains(self):
+        # FIXME: https://github.com/Julian/jsonschema/issues/442
+        errors = [
+            exceptions.ValidationError("Something", validator=i)
+            for i in range(8)
+        ]
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree(errors)
+        self.assertEqual(tree.total_errors, 8)
+
+    def test_it_contains_an_item_if_the_item_had_an_error(self):
+        errors = [exceptions.ValidationError("a message", path=["bar"])]
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree(errors)
+        self.assertIn("bar", tree)
+
+    def test_it_does_not_contain_an_item_if_the_item_had_no_error(self):
+        errors = [exceptions.ValidationError("a message", path=["bar"])]
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree(errors)
+        self.assertNotIn("foo", tree)
+
+    def test_validators_that_failed_appear_in_errors_dict(self):
+        error = exceptions.ValidationError("a message", validator="foo")
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree([error])
+        self.assertEqual(tree.errors, {"foo": error})
+
+    def test_it_creates_a_child_tree_for_each_nested_path(self):
+        errors = [
+            exceptions.ValidationError("a bar message", path=["bar"]),
+            exceptions.ValidationError("a bar -> 0 message", path=["bar", 0]),
+        ]
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree(errors)
+        self.assertIn(0, tree["bar"])
+        self.assertNotIn(1, tree["bar"])
+
+    def test_children_have_their_errors_dicts_built(self):
+        e1, e2 = (
+            exceptions.ValidationError("1", validator="foo", path=["bar", 0]),
+            exceptions.ValidationError("2", validator="quux", path=["bar", 0]),
+        )
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree([e1, e2])
+        self.assertEqual(tree["bar"][0].errors, {"foo": e1, "quux": e2})
+
+    def test_multiple_errors_with_instance(self):
+        e1, e2 = (
+            exceptions.ValidationError(
+                "1",
+                validator="foo",
+                path=["bar", "bar2"],
+                instance="i1"),
+            exceptions.ValidationError(
+                "2",
+                validator="quux",
+                path=["foobar", 2],
+                instance="i2"),
+        )
+        exceptions.ErrorTree([e1, e2])
+
+    def test_it_does_not_contain_subtrees_that_are_not_in_the_instance(self):
+        error = exceptions.ValidationError("123", validator="foo", instance=[])
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree([error])
+
+        with self.assertRaises(IndexError):
+            tree[0]
+
+    def test_if_its_in_the_tree_anyhow_it_does_not_raise_an_error(self):
+        """
+        If a validator is dumb (like :validator:`required` in draft 3) and
+        refers to a path that isn't in the instance, the tree still properly
+        returns a subtree for that path.
+        """
+
+        error = exceptions.ValidationError(
+            "a message", validator="foo", instance={}, path=["foo"],
+        )
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree([error])
+        self.assertIsInstance(tree["foo"], exceptions.ErrorTree)
+
+
+class TestErrorInitReprStr(TestCase):
+    def make_error(self, **kwargs):
+        defaults = dict(
+            message=u"hello",
+            validator=u"type",
+            validator_value=u"string",
+            instance=5,
+            schema={u"type": u"string"},
+        )
+        defaults.update(kwargs)
+        return exceptions.ValidationError(**defaults)
+
+    def assertShows(self, expected, **kwargs):
+        if PY3:  # pragma: no cover
+            expected = expected.replace("u'", "'")
+        expected = textwrap.dedent(expected).rstrip("\n")
+
+        error = self.make_error(**kwargs)
+        message_line, _, rest = str(error).partition("\n")
+        self.assertEqual(message_line, error.message)
+        self.assertEqual(rest, expected)
+
+    def test_it_calls_super_and_sets_args(self):
+        error = self.make_error()
+        self.assertGreater(len(error.args), 1)
+
+    def test_repr(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            repr(exceptions.ValidationError(message="Hello!")),
+            "<ValidationError: %r>" % "Hello!",
+        )
+
+    def test_unset_error(self):
+        error = exceptions.ValidationError("message")
+        self.assertEqual(str(error), "message")
+
+        kwargs = {
+            "validator": "type",
+            "validator_value": "string",
+            "instance": 5,
+            "schema": {"type": "string"},
+        }
+        # Just the message should show if any of the attributes are unset
+        for attr in kwargs:
+            k = dict(kwargs)
+            del k[attr]
+            error = exceptions.ValidationError("message", **k)
+            self.assertEqual(str(error), "message")
+
+    def test_empty_paths(self):
+        self.assertShows(
+            """
+            Failed validating u'type' in schema:
+                {u'type': u'string'}
+
+            On instance:
+                5
+            """,
+            path=[],
+            schema_path=[],
+        )
+
+    def test_one_item_paths(self):
+        self.assertShows(
+            """
+            Failed validating u'type' in schema:
+                {u'type': u'string'}
+
+            On instance[0]:
+                5
+            """,
+            path=[0],
+            schema_path=["items"],
+        )
+
+    def test_multiple_item_paths(self):
+        self.assertShows(
+            """
+            Failed validating u'type' in schema[u'items'][0]:
+                {u'type': u'string'}
+
+            On instance[0][u'a']:
+                5
+            """,
+            path=[0, u"a"],
+            schema_path=[u"items", 0, 1],
+        )
+
+    def test_uses_pprint(self):
+        self.assertShows(
+            """
+            Failed validating u'maxLength' in schema:
+                {0: 0,
+                 1: 1,
+                 2: 2,
+                 3: 3,
+                 4: 4,
+                 5: 5,
+                 6: 6,
+                 7: 7,
+                 8: 8,
+                 9: 9,
+                 10: 10,
+                 11: 11,
+                 12: 12,
+                 13: 13,
+                 14: 14,
+                 15: 15,
+                 16: 16,
+                 17: 17,
+                 18: 18,
+                 19: 19}
+
+            On instance:
+                [0,
+                 1,
+                 2,
+                 3,
+                 4,
+                 5,
+                 6,
+                 7,
+                 8,
+                 9,
+                 10,
+                 11,
+                 12,
+                 13,
+                 14,
+                 15,
+                 16,
+                 17,
+                 18,
+                 19,
+                 20,
+                 21,
+                 22,
+                 23,
+                 24]
+            """,
+            instance=list(range(25)),
+            schema=dict(zip(range(20), range(20))),
+            validator=u"maxLength",
+        )
+
+    def test_str_works_with_instances_having_overriden_eq_operator(self):
+        """
+        Check for https://github.com/Julian/jsonschema/issues/164 which
+        rendered exceptions unusable when a `ValidationError` involved
+        instances with an `__eq__` method that returned truthy values.
+        """
+
+        class DontEQMeBro(object):
+            def __eq__(this, other):  # pragma: no cover
+                self.fail("Don't!")
+
+            def __ne__(this, other):  # pragma: no cover
+                self.fail("Don't!")
+
+        instance = DontEQMeBro()
+        error = exceptions.ValidationError(
+            "a message",
+            validator="foo",
+            instance=instance,
+            validator_value="some",
+            schema="schema",
+        )
+        self.assertIn(repr(instance), str(error))
+
+
+class TestHashable(TestCase):
+    def test_hashable(self):
+        set([exceptions.ValidationError("")])
+        set([exceptions.SchemaError("")])

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_format.py

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+"""
+Tests for the parts of jsonschema related to the :validator:`format` property.
+"""
+
+from unittest import TestCase
+
+from jsonschema import FormatError, ValidationError, FormatChecker
+from jsonschema.validators import Draft4Validator
+
+
+BOOM = ValueError("Boom!")
+BANG = ZeroDivisionError("Bang!")
+
+
+def boom(thing):
+    if thing == "bang":
+        raise BANG
+    raise BOOM
+
+
+class TestFormatChecker(TestCase):
+    def test_it_can_validate_no_formats(self):
+        checker = FormatChecker(formats=())
+        self.assertFalse(checker.checkers)
+
+    def test_it_raises_a_key_error_for_unknown_formats(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(KeyError):
+            FormatChecker(formats=["o noes"])
+
+    def test_it_can_register_cls_checkers(self):
+        original = dict(FormatChecker.checkers)
+        self.addCleanup(FormatChecker.checkers.pop, "boom")
+        FormatChecker.cls_checks("boom")(boom)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            FormatChecker.checkers,
+            dict(original, boom=(boom, ())),
+        )
+
+    def test_it_can_register_checkers(self):
+        checker = FormatChecker()
+        checker.checks("boom")(boom)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            checker.checkers,
+            dict(FormatChecker.checkers, boom=(boom, ()))
+        )
+
+    def test_it_catches_registered_errors(self):
+        checker = FormatChecker()
+        checker.checks("boom", raises=type(BOOM))(boom)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(FormatError) as cm:
+            checker.check(instance=12, format="boom")
+
+        self.assertIs(cm.exception.cause, BOOM)
+        self.assertIs(cm.exception.__cause__, BOOM)
+
+        # Unregistered errors should not be caught
+        with self.assertRaises(type(BANG)):
+            checker.check(instance="bang", format="boom")
+
+    def test_format_error_causes_become_validation_error_causes(self):
+        checker = FormatChecker()
+        checker.checks("boom", raises=ValueError)(boom)
+        validator = Draft4Validator({"format": "boom"}, format_checker=checker)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(ValidationError) as cm:
+            validator.validate("BOOM")
+
+        self.assertIs(cm.exception.cause, BOOM)
+        self.assertIs(cm.exception.__cause__, BOOM)
+
+    def test_format_checkers_come_with_defaults(self):
+        # This is bad :/ but relied upon.
+        # The docs for quite awhile recommended people do things like
+        # validate(..., format_checker=FormatChecker())
+        # We should change that, but we can't without deprecation...
+        checker = FormatChecker()
+        with self.assertRaises(FormatError):
+            checker.check(instance="not-an-ipv4", format="ipv4")
+
+    def test_repr(self):
+        checker = FormatChecker(formats=())
+        checker.checks("foo")(lambda thing: True)
+        checker.checks("bar")(lambda thing: True)
+        checker.checks("baz")(lambda thing: True)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            repr(checker),
+            "<FormatChecker checkers=['bar', 'baz', 'foo']>",
+        )

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_jsonschema_test_suite.py

@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+"""
+Test runner for the JSON Schema official test suite
+
+Tests comprehensive correctness of each draft's validator.
+
+See https://github.com/json-schema-org/JSON-Schema-Test-Suite for details.
+"""
+
+import sys
+import warnings
+
+from jsonschema import (
+    Draft3Validator,
+    Draft4Validator,
+    Draft6Validator,
+    Draft7Validator,
+    draft3_format_checker,
+    draft4_format_checker,
+    draft6_format_checker,
+    draft7_format_checker,
+)
+from jsonschema.tests._helpers import bug
+from jsonschema.tests._suite import Suite
+from jsonschema.validators import _DEPRECATED_DEFAULT_TYPES, create
+
+
+SUITE = Suite()
+DRAFT3 = SUITE.version(name="draft3")
+DRAFT4 = SUITE.version(name="draft4")
+DRAFT6 = SUITE.version(name="draft6")
+DRAFT7 = SUITE.version(name="draft7")
+
+
+def skip(message, **kwargs):
+    def skipper(test):
+        if all(value == getattr(test, attr) for attr, value in kwargs.items()):
+            return message
+    return skipper
+
+
+def missing_format(checker):
+    def missing_format(test):
+        schema = test.schema
+        if schema is True or schema is False or "format" not in schema:
+            return
+
+        if schema["format"] not in checker.checkers:
+            return "Format checker {0!r} not found.".format(schema["format"])
+    return missing_format
+
+
+is_narrow_build = sys.maxunicode == 2 ** 16 - 1
+if is_narrow_build:  # pragma: no cover
+    message = "Not running surrogate Unicode case, this Python is narrow."
+
+    def narrow_unicode_build(test):  # pragma: no cover
+        return skip(
+            message=message,
+            description="one supplementary Unicode code point is not long enough",
+        )(test) or skip(
+            message=message,
+            description="two supplementary Unicode code points is long enough",
+        )(test)
+else:
+    def narrow_unicode_build(test):  # pragma: no cover
+        return
+
+
+TestDraft3 = DRAFT3.to_unittest_testcase(
+    DRAFT3.tests(),
+    DRAFT3.optional_tests_of(name="bignum"),
+    DRAFT3.optional_tests_of(name="format"),
+    DRAFT3.optional_tests_of(name="zeroTerminatedFloats"),
+    Validator=Draft3Validator,
+    format_checker=draft3_format_checker,
+    skip=lambda test: (
+        narrow_unicode_build(test)
+        or missing_format(draft3_format_checker)(test)
+        or skip(
+            message="Upstream bug in strict_rfc3339",
+            subject="format",
+            description="case-insensitive T and Z",
+        )(test)
+    ),
+)
+
+
+TestDraft4 = DRAFT4.to_unittest_testcase(
+    DRAFT4.tests(),
+    DRAFT4.optional_tests_of(name="bignum"),
+    DRAFT4.optional_tests_of(name="format"),
+    DRAFT4.optional_tests_of(name="zeroTerminatedFloats"),
+    Validator=Draft4Validator,
+    format_checker=draft4_format_checker,
+    skip=lambda test: (
+        narrow_unicode_build(test)
+        or missing_format(draft4_format_checker)(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description="Recursive references between schemas",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(371),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description="Location-independent identifier",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(371),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description=(
+                "Location-independent identifier with absolute URI"
+            ),
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(371),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description=(
+                "Location-independent identifier with base URI change in subschema"
+            ),
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(),
+            subject="refRemote",
+            case_description="base URI change - change folder in subschema",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message="Upstream bug in strict_rfc3339",
+            subject="format",
+            description="case-insensitive T and Z",
+        )(test)
+    ),
+)
+
+
+TestDraft6 = DRAFT6.to_unittest_testcase(
+    DRAFT6.tests(),
+    DRAFT6.optional_tests_of(name="bignum"),
+    DRAFT6.optional_tests_of(name="format"),
+    DRAFT6.optional_tests_of(name="zeroTerminatedFloats"),
+    Validator=Draft6Validator,
+    format_checker=draft6_format_checker,
+    skip=lambda test: (
+        narrow_unicode_build(test)
+        or missing_format(draft6_format_checker)(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description="Recursive references between schemas",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(371),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description="Location-independent identifier",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(371),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description=(
+                "Location-independent identifier with absolute URI"
+            ),
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(371),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description=(
+                "Location-independent identifier with base URI change in subschema"
+            ),
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(),
+            subject="refRemote",
+            case_description="base URI change - change folder in subschema",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message="Upstream bug in strict_rfc3339",
+            subject="format",
+            description="case-insensitive T and Z",
+        )(test)
+    ),
+)
+
+
+TestDraft7 = DRAFT7.to_unittest_testcase(
+    DRAFT7.tests(),
+    DRAFT7.format_tests(),
+    DRAFT7.optional_tests_of(name="bignum"),
+    DRAFT7.optional_tests_of(name="content"),
+    DRAFT7.optional_tests_of(name="zeroTerminatedFloats"),
+    Validator=Draft7Validator,
+    format_checker=draft7_format_checker,
+    skip=lambda test: (
+        narrow_unicode_build(test)
+        or missing_format(draft7_format_checker)(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description="Recursive references between schemas",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(371),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description="Location-independent identifier",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(371),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description=(
+                "Location-independent identifier with absolute URI"
+            ),
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(371),
+            subject="ref",
+            case_description=(
+                "Location-independent identifier with base URI change in subschema"
+            ),
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(),
+            subject="refRemote",
+            case_description="base URI change - change folder in subschema",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message="Upstream bug in strict_rfc3339",
+            subject="date-time",
+            description="case-insensitive T and Z",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(593),
+            subject="content",
+            case_description=(
+                "validation of string-encoded content based on media type"
+            ),
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(593),
+            subject="content",
+            case_description="validation of binary string-encoding",
+        )(test)
+        or skip(
+            message=bug(593),
+            subject="content",
+            case_description=(
+                "validation of binary-encoded media type documents"
+            ),
+        )(test)
+    ),
+)
+
+
+with warnings.catch_warnings():
+    warnings.simplefilter("ignore", DeprecationWarning)
+
+    TestDraft3LegacyTypeCheck = DRAFT3.to_unittest_testcase(
+        # Interestingly the any part couldn't really be done w/the old API.
+        (
+            (test for test in each if test.schema != {"type": "any"})
+            for each in DRAFT3.tests_of(name="type")
+        ),
+        name="TestDraft3LegacyTypeCheck",
+        Validator=create(
+            meta_schema=Draft3Validator.META_SCHEMA,
+            validators=Draft3Validator.VALIDATORS,
+            default_types=_DEPRECATED_DEFAULT_TYPES,
+        ),
+    )
+
+    TestDraft4LegacyTypeCheck = DRAFT4.to_unittest_testcase(
+        DRAFT4.tests_of(name="type"),
+        name="TestDraft4LegacyTypeCheck",
+        Validator=create(
+            meta_schema=Draft4Validator.META_SCHEMA,
+            validators=Draft4Validator.VALIDATORS,
+            default_types=_DEPRECATED_DEFAULT_TYPES,
+        ),
+    )

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_types.py

@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+"""
+Tests on the new type interface. The actual correctness of the type checking
+is handled in test_jsonschema_test_suite; these tests check that TypeChecker
+functions correctly and can facilitate extensions to type checking
+"""
+from collections import namedtuple
+from unittest import TestCase
+
+from jsonschema import ValidationError, _validators
+from jsonschema._types import TypeChecker
+from jsonschema.exceptions import UndefinedTypeCheck
+from jsonschema.validators import Draft4Validator, extend
+
+
+def equals_2(checker, instance):
+    return instance == 2
+
+
+def is_namedtuple(instance):
+    return isinstance(instance, tuple) and getattr(instance, "_fields", None)
+
+
+def is_object_or_named_tuple(checker, instance):
+    if Draft4Validator.TYPE_CHECKER.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return True
+    return is_namedtuple(instance)
+
+
+def coerce_named_tuple(fn):
+    def coerced(validator, value, instance, schema):
+        if is_namedtuple(instance):
+            instance = instance._asdict()
+        return fn(validator, value, instance, schema)
+    return coerced
+
+
+required = coerce_named_tuple(_validators.required)
+properties = coerce_named_tuple(_validators.properties)
+
+
+class TestTypeChecker(TestCase):
+    def test_is_type(self):
+        checker = TypeChecker({"two": equals_2})
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (
+                checker.is_type(instance=2, type="two"),
+                checker.is_type(instance="bar", type="two"),
+            ),
+            (True, False),
+        )
+
+    def test_is_unknown_type(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(UndefinedTypeCheck) as context:
+            TypeChecker().is_type(4, "foobar")
+        self.assertIn("foobar", str(context.exception))
+
+    def test_checks_can_be_added_at_init(self):
+        checker = TypeChecker({"two": equals_2})
+        self.assertEqual(checker, TypeChecker().redefine("two", equals_2))
+
+    def test_redefine_existing_type(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            TypeChecker().redefine("two", object()).redefine("two", equals_2),
+            TypeChecker().redefine("two", equals_2),
+        )
+
+    def test_remove(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            TypeChecker({"two": equals_2}).remove("two"),
+            TypeChecker(),
+        )
+
+    def test_remove_unknown_type(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(UndefinedTypeCheck) as context:
+            TypeChecker().remove("foobar")
+        self.assertIn("foobar", str(context.exception))
+
+    def test_redefine_many(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            TypeChecker().redefine_many({"foo": int, "bar": str}),
+            TypeChecker().redefine("foo", int).redefine("bar", str),
+        )
+
+    def test_remove_multiple(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            TypeChecker({"foo": int, "bar": str}).remove("foo", "bar"),
+            TypeChecker(),
+        )
+
+    def test_type_check_can_raise_key_error(self):
+        """
+        Make sure no one writes:
+
+            try:
+                self._type_checkers[type](...)
+            except KeyError:
+
+        ignoring the fact that the function itself can raise that.
+        """
+
+        error = KeyError("Stuff")
+
+        def raises_keyerror(checker, instance):
+            raise error
+
+        with self.assertRaises(KeyError) as context:
+            TypeChecker({"foo": raises_keyerror}).is_type(4, "foo")
+
+        self.assertIs(context.exception, error)
+
+
+class TestCustomTypes(TestCase):
+    def test_simple_type_can_be_extended(self):
+        def int_or_str_int(checker, instance):
+            if not isinstance(instance, (int, str)):
+                return False
+            try:
+                int(instance)
+            except ValueError:
+                return False
+            return True
+
+        CustomValidator = extend(
+            Draft4Validator,
+            type_checker=Draft4Validator.TYPE_CHECKER.redefine(
+                "integer", int_or_str_int,
+            ),
+        )
+        validator = CustomValidator({"type": "integer"})
+
+        validator.validate(4)
+        validator.validate("4")
+
+        with self.assertRaises(ValidationError):
+            validator.validate(4.4)
+
+    def test_object_can_be_extended(self):
+        schema = {"type": "object"}
+
+        Point = namedtuple("Point", ["x", "y"])
+
+        type_checker = Draft4Validator.TYPE_CHECKER.redefine(
+            u"object", is_object_or_named_tuple,
+        )
+
+        CustomValidator = extend(Draft4Validator, type_checker=type_checker)
+        validator = CustomValidator(schema)
+
+        validator.validate(Point(x=4, y=5))
+
+    def test_object_extensions_require_custom_validators(self):
+        schema = {"type": "object", "required": ["x"]}
+
+        type_checker = Draft4Validator.TYPE_CHECKER.redefine(
+            u"object", is_object_or_named_tuple,
+        )
+
+        CustomValidator = extend(Draft4Validator, type_checker=type_checker)
+        validator = CustomValidator(schema)
+
+        Point = namedtuple("Point", ["x", "y"])
+        # Cannot handle required
+        with self.assertRaises(ValidationError):
+            validator.validate(Point(x=4, y=5))
+
+    def test_object_extensions_can_handle_custom_validators(self):
+        schema = {
+            "type": "object",
+            "required": ["x"],
+            "properties": {"x": {"type": "integer"}},
+        }
+
+        type_checker = Draft4Validator.TYPE_CHECKER.redefine(
+            u"object", is_object_or_named_tuple,
+        )
+
+        CustomValidator = extend(
+            Draft4Validator,
+            type_checker=type_checker,
+            validators={"required": required, "properties": properties},
+        )
+
+        validator = CustomValidator(schema)
+
+        Point = namedtuple("Point", ["x", "y"])
+        # Can now process required and properties
+        validator.validate(Point(x=4, y=5))
+
+        with self.assertRaises(ValidationError):
+            validator.validate(Point(x="not an integer", y=5))

venv/Lib/site-packages/jsonschema/validators.py

@@ -0,0 +1,970 @@
+"""
+Creation and extension of validators, with implementations for existing drafts.
+"""
+from __future__ import division
+
+from warnings import warn
+import contextlib
+import json
+import numbers
+
+from six import add_metaclass
+
+from jsonschema import (
+    _legacy_validators,
+    _types,
+    _utils,
+    _validators,
+    exceptions,
+)
+from jsonschema.compat import (
+    Sequence,
+    int_types,
+    iteritems,
+    lru_cache,
+    str_types,
+    unquote,
+    urldefrag,
+    urljoin,
+    urlopen,
+    urlsplit,
+)
+
+# Sigh. https://gitlab.com/pycqa/flake8/issues/280
+#       https://github.com/pyga/ebb-lint/issues/7
+# Imported for backwards compatibility.
+from jsonschema.exceptions import ErrorTree
+ErrorTree
+
+
+class _DontDoThat(Exception):
+    """
+    Raised when a Validators with non-default type checker is misused.
+
+    Asking one for DEFAULT_TYPES doesn't make sense, since type checkers
+    exist for the unrepresentable cases where DEFAULT_TYPES can't
+    represent the type relationship.
+    """
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "DEFAULT_TYPES cannot be used on Validators using TypeCheckers"
+
+
+validators = {}
+meta_schemas = _utils.URIDict()
+
+
+def _generate_legacy_type_checks(types=()):
+    """
+    Generate newer-style type checks out of JSON-type-name-to-type mappings.
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        types (dict):
+
+            A mapping of type names to their Python types
+
+    Returns:
+
+        A dictionary of definitions to pass to `TypeChecker`
+    """
+    types = dict(types)
+
+    def gen_type_check(pytypes):
+        pytypes = _utils.flatten(pytypes)
+
+        def type_check(checker, instance):
+            if isinstance(instance, bool):
+                if bool not in pytypes:
+                    return False
+            return isinstance(instance, pytypes)
+
+        return type_check
+
+    definitions = {}
+    for typename, pytypes in iteritems(types):
+        definitions[typename] = gen_type_check(pytypes)
+
+    return definitions
+
+
+_DEPRECATED_DEFAULT_TYPES = {
+    u"array": list,
+    u"boolean": bool,
+    u"integer": int_types,
+    u"null": type(None),
+    u"number": numbers.Number,
+    u"object": dict,
+    u"string": str_types,
+}
+_TYPE_CHECKER_FOR_DEPRECATED_DEFAULT_TYPES = _types.TypeChecker(
+    type_checkers=_generate_legacy_type_checks(_DEPRECATED_DEFAULT_TYPES),
+)
+
+
+def validates(version):
+    """
+    Register the decorated validator for a ``version`` of the specification.
+
+    Registered validators and their meta schemas will be considered when
+    parsing ``$schema`` properties' URIs.
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        version (str):
+
+            An identifier to use as the version's name
+
+    Returns:
+
+        collections.Callable:
+
+            a class decorator to decorate the validator with the version
+    """
+
+    def _validates(cls):
+        validators[version] = cls
+        meta_schema_id = cls.ID_OF(cls.META_SCHEMA)
+        if meta_schema_id:
+            meta_schemas[meta_schema_id] = cls
+        return cls
+    return _validates
+
+
+def _DEFAULT_TYPES(self):
+    if self._CREATED_WITH_DEFAULT_TYPES is None:
+        raise _DontDoThat()
+
+    warn(
+        (
+            "The DEFAULT_TYPES attribute is deprecated. "
+            "See the type checker attached to this validator instead."
+        ),
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    return self._DEFAULT_TYPES
+
+
+class _DefaultTypesDeprecatingMetaClass(type):
+    DEFAULT_TYPES = property(_DEFAULT_TYPES)
+
+
+def _id_of(schema):
+    if schema is True or schema is False:
+        return u""
+    return schema.get(u"$id", u"")
+
+
+def create(
+    meta_schema,
+    validators=(),
+    version=None,
+    default_types=None,
+    type_checker=None,
+    id_of=_id_of,
+):
+    """
+    Create a new validator class.
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        meta_schema (collections.Mapping):
+
+            the meta schema for the new validator class
+
+        validators (collections.Mapping):
+
+            a mapping from names to callables, where each callable will
+            validate the schema property with the given name.
+
+            Each callable should take 4 arguments:
+
+                1. a validator instance,
+                2. the value of the property being validated within the
+                   instance
+                3. the instance
+                4. the schema
+
+        version (str):
+
+            an identifier for the version that this validator class will
+            validate. If provided, the returned validator class will
+            have its ``__name__`` set to include the version, and also
+            will have `jsonschema.validators.validates` automatically
+            called for the given version.
+
+        type_checker (jsonschema.TypeChecker):
+
+            a type checker, used when applying the :validator:`type` validator.
+
+            If unprovided, a `jsonschema.TypeChecker` will be created
+            with a set of default types typical of JSON Schema drafts.
+
+        default_types (collections.Mapping):
+
+            .. deprecated:: 3.0.0
+
+                Please use the type_checker argument instead.
+
+            If set, it provides mappings of JSON types to Python types
+            that will be converted to functions and redefined in this
+            object's `jsonschema.TypeChecker`.
+
+        id_of (collections.Callable):
+
+            A function that given a schema, returns its ID.
+
+    Returns:
+
+        a new `jsonschema.IValidator` class
+    """
+
+    if default_types is not None:
+        if type_checker is not None:
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Do not specify default_types when providing a type checker.",
+            )
+        _created_with_default_types = True
+        warn(
+            (
+                "The default_types argument is deprecated. "
+                "Use the type_checker argument instead."
+            ),
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        type_checker = _types.TypeChecker(
+            type_checkers=_generate_legacy_type_checks(default_types),
+        )
+    else:
+        default_types = _DEPRECATED_DEFAULT_TYPES
+        if type_checker is None:
+            _created_with_default_types = False
+            type_checker = _TYPE_CHECKER_FOR_DEPRECATED_DEFAULT_TYPES
+        elif type_checker is _TYPE_CHECKER_FOR_DEPRECATED_DEFAULT_TYPES:
+            _created_with_default_types = False
+        else:
+            _created_with_default_types = None
+
+    @add_metaclass(_DefaultTypesDeprecatingMetaClass)
+    class Validator(object):
+
+        VALIDATORS = dict(validators)
+        META_SCHEMA = dict(meta_schema)
+        TYPE_CHECKER = type_checker
+        ID_OF = staticmethod(id_of)
+
+        DEFAULT_TYPES = property(_DEFAULT_TYPES)
+        _DEFAULT_TYPES = dict(default_types)
+        _CREATED_WITH_DEFAULT_TYPES = _created_with_default_types
+
+        def __init__(
+            self,
+            schema,
+            types=(),
+            resolver=None,
+            format_checker=None,
+        ):
+            if types:
+                warn(
+                    (
+                        "The types argument is deprecated. Provide "
+                        "a type_checker to jsonschema.validators.extend "
+                        "instead."
+                    ),
+                    DeprecationWarning,
+                    stacklevel=2,
+                )
+
+                self.TYPE_CHECKER = self.TYPE_CHECKER.redefine_many(
+                    _generate_legacy_type_checks(types),
+                )
+
+            if resolver is None:
+                resolver = RefResolver.from_schema(schema, id_of=id_of)
+
+            self.resolver = resolver
+            self.format_checker = format_checker
+            self.schema = schema
+
+        @classmethod
+        def check_schema(cls, schema):
+            for error in cls(cls.META_SCHEMA).iter_errors(schema):
+                raise exceptions.SchemaError.create_from(error)
+
+        def iter_errors(self, instance, _schema=None):
+            if _schema is None:
+                _schema = self.schema
+
+            if _schema is True:
+                return
+            elif _schema is False:
+                yield exceptions.ValidationError(
+                    "False schema does not allow %r" % (instance,),
+                    validator=None,
+                    validator_value=None,
+                    instance=instance,
+                    schema=_schema,
+                )
+                return
+
+            scope = id_of(_schema)
+            if scope:
+                self.resolver.push_scope(scope)
+            try:
+                ref = _schema.get(u"$ref")
+                if ref is not None:
+                    validators = [(u"$ref", ref)]
+                else:
+                    validators = iteritems(_schema)
+
+                for k, v in validators:
+                    validator = self.VALIDATORS.get(k)
+                    if validator is None:
+                        continue
+
+                    errors = validator(self, v, instance, _schema) or ()
+                    for error in errors:
+                        # set details if not already set by the called fn
+                        error._set(
+                            validator=k,
+                            validator_value=v,
+                            instance=instance,
+                            schema=_schema,
+                        )
+                        if k != u"$ref":
+                            error.schema_path.appendleft(k)
+                        yield error
+            finally:
+                if scope:
+                    self.resolver.pop_scope()
+
+        def descend(self, instance, schema, path=None, schema_path=None):
+            for error in self.iter_errors(instance, schema):
+                if path is not None:
+                    error.path.appendleft(path)
+                if schema_path is not None:
+                    error.schema_path.appendleft(schema_path)
+                yield error
+
+        def validate(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            for error in self.iter_errors(*args, **kwargs):
+                raise error
+
+        def is_type(self, instance, type):
+            try:
+                return self.TYPE_CHECKER.is_type(instance, type)
+            except exceptions.UndefinedTypeCheck:
+                raise exceptions.UnknownType(type, instance, self.schema)
+
+        def is_valid(self, instance, _schema=None):
+            error = next(self.iter_errors(instance, _schema), None)
+            return error is None
+
+    if version is not None:
+        Validator = validates(version)(Validator)
+        Validator.__name__ = version.title().replace(" ", "") + "Validator"
+
+    return Validator
+
+
+def extend(validator, validators=(), version=None, type_checker=None):
+    """
+    Create a new validator class by extending an existing one.
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        validator (jsonschema.IValidator):
+
+            an existing validator class
+
+        validators (collections.Mapping):
+
+            a mapping of new validator callables to extend with, whose
+            structure is as in `create`.
+
+            .. note::
+
+                Any validator callables with the same name as an
+                existing one will (silently) replace the old validator
+                callable entirely, effectively overriding any validation
+                done in the "parent" validator class.
+
+                If you wish to instead extend the behavior of a parent's
+                validator callable, delegate and call it directly in
+                the new validator function by retrieving it using
+                ``OldValidator.VALIDATORS["validator_name"]``.
+
+        version (str):
+
+            a version for the new validator class
+
+        type_checker (jsonschema.TypeChecker):
+
+            a type checker, used when applying the :validator:`type` validator.
+
+            If unprovided, the type checker of the extended
+            `jsonschema.IValidator` will be carried along.`
+
+    Returns:
+
+        a new `jsonschema.IValidator` class extending the one provided
+
+    .. note:: Meta Schemas
+
+        The new validator class will have its parent's meta schema.
+
+        If you wish to change or extend the meta schema in the new
+        validator class, modify ``META_SCHEMA`` directly on the returned
+        class. Note that no implicit copying is done, so a copy should
+        likely be made before modifying it, in order to not affect the
+        old validator.
+    """
+
+    all_validators = dict(validator.VALIDATORS)
+    all_validators.update(validators)
+
+    if type_checker is None:
+        type_checker = validator.TYPE_CHECKER
+    elif validator._CREATED_WITH_DEFAULT_TYPES:
+        raise TypeError(
+            "Cannot extend a validator created with default_types "
+            "with a type_checker. Update the validator to use a "
+            "type_checker when created."
+        )
+    return create(
+        meta_schema=validator.META_SCHEMA,
+        validators=all_validators,
+        version=version,
+        type_checker=type_checker,
+        id_of=validator.ID_OF,
+    )
+
+
+Draft3Validator = create(
+    meta_schema=_utils.load_schema("draft3"),
+    validators={
+        u"$ref": _validators.ref,
+        u"additionalItems": _validators.additionalItems,
+        u"additionalProperties": _validators.additionalProperties,
+        u"dependencies": _legacy_validators.dependencies_draft3,
+        u"disallow": _legacy_validators.disallow_draft3,
+        u"divisibleBy": _validators.multipleOf,
+        u"enum": _validators.enum,
+        u"extends": _legacy_validators.extends_draft3,
+        u"format": _validators.format,
+        u"items": _legacy_validators.items_draft3_draft4,
+        u"maxItems": _validators.maxItems,
+        u"maxLength": _validators.maxLength,
+        u"maximum": _legacy_validators.maximum_draft3_draft4,
+        u"minItems": _validators.minItems,
+        u"minLength": _validators.minLength,
+        u"minimum": _legacy_validators.minimum_draft3_draft4,
+        u"pattern": _validators.pattern,
+        u"patternProperties": _validators.patternProperties,
+        u"properties": _legacy_validators.properties_draft3,
+        u"type": _legacy_validators.type_draft3,
+        u"uniqueItems": _validators.uniqueItems,
+    },
+    type_checker=_types.draft3_type_checker,
+    version="draft3",
+    id_of=lambda schema: schema.get(u"id", ""),
+)
+
+Draft4Validator = create(
+    meta_schema=_utils.load_schema("draft4"),
+    validators={
+        u"$ref": _validators.ref,
+        u"additionalItems": _validators.additionalItems,
+        u"additionalProperties": _validators.additionalProperties,
+        u"allOf": _validators.allOf,
+        u"anyOf": _validators.anyOf,
+        u"dependencies": _validators.dependencies,
+        u"enum": _validators.enum,
+        u"format": _validators.format,
+        u"items": _legacy_validators.items_draft3_draft4,
+        u"maxItems": _validators.maxItems,
+        u"maxLength": _validators.maxLength,
+        u"maxProperties": _validators.maxProperties,
+        u"maximum": _legacy_validators.maximum_draft3_draft4,
+        u"minItems": _validators.minItems,
+        u"minLength": _validators.minLength,
+        u"minProperties": _validators.minProperties,
+        u"minimum": _legacy_validators.minimum_draft3_draft4,
+        u"multipleOf": _validators.multipleOf,
+        u"not": _validators.not_,
+        u"oneOf": _validators.oneOf,
+        u"pattern": _validators.pattern,
+        u"patternProperties": _validators.patternProperties,
+        u"properties": _validators.properties,
+        u"required": _validators.required,
+        u"type": _validators.type,
+        u"uniqueItems": _validators.uniqueItems,
+    },
+    type_checker=_types.draft4_type_checker,
+    version="draft4",
+    id_of=lambda schema: schema.get(u"id", ""),
+)
+
+Draft6Validator = create(
+    meta_schema=_utils.load_schema("draft6"),
+    validators={
+        u"$ref": _validators.ref,
+        u"additionalItems": _validators.additionalItems,
+        u"additionalProperties": _validators.additionalProperties,
+        u"allOf": _validators.allOf,
+        u"anyOf": _validators.anyOf,
+        u"const": _validators.const,
+        u"contains": _validators.contains,
+        u"dependencies": _validators.dependencies,
+        u"enum": _validators.enum,
+        u"exclusiveMaximum": _validators.exclusiveMaximum,
+        u"exclusiveMinimum": _validators.exclusiveMinimum,
+        u"format": _validators.format,
+        u"items": _validators.items,
+        u"maxItems": _validators.maxItems,
+        u"maxLength": _validators.maxLength,
+        u"maxProperties": _validators.maxProperties,
+        u"maximum": _validators.maximum,
+        u"minItems": _validators.minItems,
+        u"minLength": _validators.minLength,
+        u"minProperties": _validators.minProperties,
+        u"minimum": _validators.minimum,
+        u"multipleOf": _validators.multipleOf,
+        u"not": _validators.not_,
+        u"oneOf": _validators.oneOf,
+        u"pattern": _validators.pattern,
+        u"patternProperties": _validators.patternProperties,
+        u"properties": _validators.properties,
+        u"propertyNames": _validators.propertyNames,
+        u"required": _validators.required,
+        u"type": _validators.type,
+        u"uniqueItems": _validators.uniqueItems,
+    },
+    type_checker=_types.draft6_type_checker,
+    version="draft6",
+)
+
+Draft7Validator = create(
+    meta_schema=_utils.load_schema("draft7"),
+    validators={
+        u"$ref": _validators.ref,
+        u"additionalItems": _validators.additionalItems,
+        u"additionalProperties": _validators.additionalProperties,
+        u"allOf": _validators.allOf,
+        u"anyOf": _validators.anyOf,
+        u"const": _validators.const,
+        u"contains": _validators.contains,
+        u"dependencies": _validators.dependencies,
+        u"enum": _validators.enum,
+        u"exclusiveMaximum": _validators.exclusiveMaximum,
+        u"exclusiveMinimum": _validators.exclusiveMinimum,
+        u"format": _validators.format,
+        u"if": _validators.if_,
+        u"items": _validators.items,
+        u"maxItems": _validators.maxItems,
+        u"maxLength": _validators.maxLength,
+        u"maxProperties": _validators.maxProperties,
+        u"maximum": _validators.maximum,
+        u"minItems": _validators.minItems,
+        u"minLength": _validators.minLength,
+        u"minProperties": _validators.minProperties,
+        u"minimum": _validators.minimum,
+        u"multipleOf": _validators.multipleOf,
+        u"oneOf": _validators.oneOf,
+        u"not": _validators.not_,
+        u"pattern": _validators.pattern,
+        u"patternProperties": _validators.patternProperties,
+        u"properties": _validators.properties,
+        u"propertyNames": _validators.propertyNames,
+        u"required": _validators.required,
+        u"type": _validators.type,
+        u"uniqueItems": _validators.uniqueItems,
+    },
+    type_checker=_types.draft7_type_checker,
+    version="draft7",
+)
+
+_LATEST_VERSION = Draft7Validator
+
+
+class RefResolver(object):
+    """
+    Resolve JSON References.
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        base_uri (str):
+
+            The URI of the referring document
+
+        referrer:
+
+            The actual referring document
+
+        store (dict):
+
+            A mapping from URIs to documents to cache
+
+        cache_remote (bool):
+
+            Whether remote refs should be cached after first resolution
+
+        handlers (dict):
+
+            A mapping from URI schemes to functions that should be used
+            to retrieve them
+
+        urljoin_cache (:func:`functools.lru_cache`):
+
+            A cache that will be used for caching the results of joining
+            the resolution scope to subscopes.
+
+        remote_cache (:func:`functools.lru_cache`):
+
+            A cache that will be used for caching the results of
+            resolved remote URLs.
+
+    Attributes:
+
+        cache_remote (bool):
+
+            Whether remote refs should be cached after first resolution
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        base_uri,
+        referrer,
+        store=(),
+        cache_remote=True,
+        handlers=(),
+        urljoin_cache=None,
+        remote_cache=None,
+    ):
+        if urljoin_cache is None:
+            urljoin_cache = lru_cache(1024)(urljoin)
+        if remote_cache is None:
+            remote_cache = lru_cache(1024)(self.resolve_from_url)
+
+        self.referrer = referrer
+        self.cache_remote = cache_remote
+        self.handlers = dict(handlers)
+
+        self._scopes_stack = [base_uri]
+        self.store = _utils.URIDict(
+            (id, validator.META_SCHEMA)
+            for id, validator in iteritems(meta_schemas)
+        )
+        self.store.update(store)
+        self.store[base_uri] = referrer
+
+        self._urljoin_cache = urljoin_cache
+        self._remote_cache = remote_cache
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_schema(cls, schema, id_of=_id_of, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Construct a resolver from a JSON schema object.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            schema:
+
+                the referring schema
+
+        Returns:
+
+            `RefResolver`
+        """
+
+        return cls(base_uri=id_of(schema), referrer=schema, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def push_scope(self, scope):
+        """
+        Enter a given sub-scope.
+
+        Treats further dereferences as being performed underneath the
+        given scope.
+        """
+        self._scopes_stack.append(
+            self._urljoin_cache(self.resolution_scope, scope),
+        )
+
+    def pop_scope(self):
+        """
+        Exit the most recent entered scope.
+
+        Treats further dereferences as being performed underneath the
+        original scope.
+
+        Don't call this method more times than `push_scope` has been
+        called.
+        """
+        try:
+            self._scopes_stack.pop()
+        except IndexError:
+            raise exceptions.RefResolutionError(
+                "Failed to pop the scope from an empty stack. "
+                "`pop_scope()` should only be called once for every "
+                "`push_scope()`"
+            )
+
+    @property
+    def resolution_scope(self):
+        """
+        Retrieve the current resolution scope.
+        """
+        return self._scopes_stack[-1]
+
+    @property
+    def base_uri(self):
+        """
+        Retrieve the current base URI, not including any fragment.
+        """
+        uri, _ = urldefrag(self.resolution_scope)
+        return uri
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def in_scope(self, scope):
+        """
+        Temporarily enter the given scope for the duration of the context.
+        """
+        self.push_scope(scope)
+        try:
+            yield
+        finally:
+            self.pop_scope()
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def resolving(self, ref):
+        """
+        Resolve the given ``ref`` and enter its resolution scope.
+
+        Exits the scope on exit of this context manager.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            ref (str):
+
+                The reference to resolve
+        """
+
+        url, resolved = self.resolve(ref)
+        self.push_scope(url)
+        try:
+            yield resolved
+        finally:
+            self.pop_scope()
+
+    def resolve(self, ref):
+        """
+        Resolve the given reference.
+        """
+        url = self._urljoin_cache(self.resolution_scope, ref)
+        return url, self._remote_cache(url)
+
+    def resolve_from_url(self, url):
+        """
+        Resolve the given remote URL.
+        """
+        url, fragment = urldefrag(url)
+        try:
+            document = self.store[url]
+        except KeyError:
+            try:
+                document = self.resolve_remote(url)
+            except Exception as exc:
+                raise exceptions.RefResolutionError(exc)
+
+        return self.resolve_fragment(document, fragment)
+
+    def resolve_fragment(self, document, fragment):
+        """
+        Resolve a ``fragment`` within the referenced ``document``.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            document:
+
+                The referent document
+
+            fragment (str):
+
+                a URI fragment to resolve within it
+        """
+
+        fragment = fragment.lstrip(u"/")
+        parts = unquote(fragment).split(u"/") if fragment else []
+
+        for part in parts:
+            part = part.replace(u"~1", u"/").replace(u"~0", u"~")
+
+            if isinstance(document, Sequence):
+                # Array indexes should be turned into integers
+                try:
+                    part = int(part)
+                except ValueError:
+                    pass
+            try:
+                document = document[part]
+            except (TypeError, LookupError):
+                raise exceptions.RefResolutionError(
+                    "Unresolvable JSON pointer: %r" % fragment
+                )
+
+        return document
+
+    def resolve_remote(self, uri):
+        """
+        Resolve a remote ``uri``.
+
+        If called directly, does not check the store first, but after
+        retrieving the document at the specified URI it will be saved in
+        the store if :attr:`cache_remote` is True.
+
+        .. note::
+
+            If the requests_ library is present, ``jsonschema`` will use it to
+            request the remote ``uri``, so that the correct encoding is
+            detected and used.
+
+            If it isn't, or if the scheme of the ``uri`` is not ``http`` or
+            ``https``, UTF-8 is assumed.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            uri (str):
+
+                The URI to resolve
+
+        Returns:
+
+            The retrieved document
+
+        .. _requests: https://pypi.org/project/requests/
+        """
+        try:
+            import requests
+        except ImportError:
+            requests = None
+
+        scheme = urlsplit(uri).scheme
+
+        if scheme in self.handlers:
+            result = self.handlers[scheme](uri)
+        elif scheme in [u"http", u"https"] and requests:
+            # Requests has support for detecting the correct encoding of
+            # json over http
+            result = requests.get(uri).json()
+        else:
+            # Otherwise, pass off to urllib and assume utf-8
+            with urlopen(uri) as url:
+                result = json.loads(url.read().decode("utf-8"))
+
+        if self.cache_remote:
+            self.store[uri] = result
+        return result
+
+
+def validate(instance, schema, cls=None, *args, **kwargs):
+    """
+    Validate an instance under the given schema.
+
+        >>> validate([2, 3, 4], {"maxItems": 2})
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+            ...
+        ValidationError: [2, 3, 4] is too long
+
+    :func:`validate` will first verify that the provided schema is
+    itself valid, since not doing so can lead to less obvious error
+    messages and fail in less obvious or consistent ways.
+
+    If you know you have a valid schema already, especially if you
+    intend to validate multiple instances with the same schema, you
+    likely would prefer using the `IValidator.validate` method directly
+    on a specific validator (e.g. ``Draft7Validator.validate``).
+
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        instance:
+
+            The instance to validate
+
+        schema:
+
+            The schema to validate with
+
+        cls (IValidator):
+
+            The class that will be used to validate the instance.
+
+    If the ``cls`` argument is not provided, two things will happen
+    in accordance with the specification. First, if the schema has a
+    :validator:`$schema` property containing a known meta-schema [#]_
+    then the proper validator will be used. The specification recommends
+    that all schemas contain :validator:`$schema` properties for this
+    reason. If no :validator:`$schema` property is found, the default
+    validator class is the latest released draft.
+
+    Any other provided positional and keyword arguments will be passed
+    on when instantiating the ``cls``.
+
+    Raises:
+
+        `jsonschema.exceptions.ValidationError` if the instance
+            is invalid
+
+        `jsonschema.exceptions.SchemaError` if the schema itself
+            is invalid
+
+    .. rubric:: Footnotes
+    .. [#] known by a validator registered with
+        `jsonschema.validators.validates`
+    """
+    if cls is None:
+        cls = validator_for(schema)
+
+    cls.check_schema(schema)
+    validator = cls(schema, *args, **kwargs)
+    error = exceptions.best_match(validator.iter_errors(instance))
+    if error is not None:
+        raise error
+
+
+def validator_for(schema, default=_LATEST_VERSION):
+    """
+    Retrieve the validator class appropriate for validating the given schema.
+
+    Uses the :validator:`$schema` property that should be present in the
+    given schema to look up the appropriate validator class.
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        schema (collections.Mapping or bool):
+
+            the schema to look at
+
+        default:
+
+            the default to return if the appropriate validator class
+            cannot be determined.
+
+            If unprovided, the default is to return the latest supported
+            draft.
+    """
+    if schema is True or schema is False or u"$schema" not in schema:
+        return default
+    if schema[u"$schema"] not in meta_schemas:
+        warn(
+            (
+                "The metaschema specified by $schema was not found. "
+                "Using the latest draft to validate, but this will raise "
+                "an error in the future."
+            ),
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+    return meta_schemas.get(schema[u"$schema"], _LATEST_VERSION)