1045 lines
38 KiB
Python
1045 lines
38 KiB
Python
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r"""
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A module for dealing with the polylines used throughout Matplotlib.
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The primary class for polyline handling in Matplotlib is `Path`. Almost all
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vector drawing makes use of `Path`\s somewhere in the drawing pipeline.
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Whilst a `Path` instance itself cannot be drawn, some `.Artist` subclasses,
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such as `.PathPatch` and `.PathCollection`, can be used for convenient `Path`
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visualisation.
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"""
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from functools import lru_cache
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from weakref import WeakValueDictionary
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import numpy as np
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import matplotlib as mpl
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from . import _path, cbook
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from .cbook import _to_unmasked_float_array, simple_linear_interpolation
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from .bezier import BezierSegment
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class Path:
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"""
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A series of possibly disconnected, possibly closed, line and curve
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segments.
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The underlying storage is made up of two parallel numpy arrays:
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- *vertices*: an Nx2 float array of vertices
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- *codes*: an N-length uint8 array of vertex types, or None
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These two arrays always have the same length in the first
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dimension. For example, to represent a cubic curve, you must
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provide three vertices as well as three codes ``CURVE3``.
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The code types are:
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- ``STOP`` : 1 vertex (ignored)
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A marker for the end of the entire path (currently not required and
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ignored)
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- ``MOVETO`` : 1 vertex
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Pick up the pen and move to the given vertex.
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- ``LINETO`` : 1 vertex
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Draw a line from the current position to the given vertex.
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- ``CURVE3`` : 1 control point, 1 endpoint
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Draw a quadratic Bezier curve from the current position, with the given
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control point, to the given end point.
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- ``CURVE4`` : 2 control points, 1 endpoint
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Draw a cubic Bezier curve from the current position, with the given
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control points, to the given end point.
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- ``CLOSEPOLY`` : 1 vertex (ignored)
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Draw a line segment to the start point of the current polyline.
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If *codes* is None, it is interpreted as a ``MOVETO`` followed by a series
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of ``LINETO``.
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Users of Path objects should not access the vertices and codes arrays
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directly. Instead, they should use `iter_segments` or `cleaned` to get the
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vertex/code pairs. This helps, in particular, to consistently handle the
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case of *codes* being None.
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Some behavior of Path objects can be controlled by rcParams. See the
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rcParams whose keys start with 'path.'.
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.. note::
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The vertices and codes arrays should be treated as
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immutable -- there are a number of optimizations and assumptions
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made up front in the constructor that will not change when the
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data changes.
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"""
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code_type = np.uint8
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# Path codes
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STOP = code_type(0) # 1 vertex
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MOVETO = code_type(1) # 1 vertex
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LINETO = code_type(2) # 1 vertex
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CURVE3 = code_type(3) # 2 vertices
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CURVE4 = code_type(4) # 3 vertices
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CLOSEPOLY = code_type(79) # 1 vertex
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#: A dictionary mapping Path codes to the number of vertices that the
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#: code expects.
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NUM_VERTICES_FOR_CODE = {STOP: 1,
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MOVETO: 1,
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LINETO: 1,
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CURVE3: 2,
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CURVE4: 3,
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CLOSEPOLY: 1}
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def __init__(self, vertices, codes=None, _interpolation_steps=1,
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closed=False, readonly=False):
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"""
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Create a new path with the given vertices and codes.
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Parameters
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----------
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vertices : array-like
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The ``(N, 2)`` float array, masked array or sequence of pairs
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representing the vertices of the path.
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If *vertices* contains masked values, they will be converted
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to NaNs which are then handled correctly by the Agg
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PathIterator and other consumers of path data, such as
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:meth:`iter_segments`.
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codes : array-like or None, optional
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n-length array integers representing the codes of the path.
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If not None, codes must be the same length as vertices.
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If None, *vertices* will be treated as a series of line segments.
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_interpolation_steps : int, optional
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Used as a hint to certain projections, such as Polar, that this
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path should be linearly interpolated immediately before drawing.
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This attribute is primarily an implementation detail and is not
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intended for public use.
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closed : bool, optional
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If *codes* is None and closed is True, vertices will be treated as
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line segments of a closed polygon. Note that the last vertex will
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then be ignored (as the corresponding code will be set to
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CLOSEPOLY).
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readonly : bool, optional
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Makes the path behave in an immutable way and sets the vertices
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and codes as read-only arrays.
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"""
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vertices = _to_unmasked_float_array(vertices)
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cbook._check_shape((None, 2), vertices=vertices)
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if codes is not None:
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codes = np.asarray(codes, self.code_type)
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if codes.ndim != 1 or len(codes) != len(vertices):
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raise ValueError("'codes' must be a 1D list or array with the "
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"same length of 'vertices'. "
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f"Your vertices have shape {vertices.shape} "
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f"but your codes have shape {codes.shape}")
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if len(codes) and codes[0] != self.MOVETO:
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raise ValueError("The first element of 'code' must be equal "
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f"to 'MOVETO' ({self.MOVETO}). "
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f"Your first code is {codes[0]}")
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elif closed and len(vertices):
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codes = np.empty(len(vertices), dtype=self.code_type)
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codes[0] = self.MOVETO
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codes[1:-1] = self.LINETO
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codes[-1] = self.CLOSEPOLY
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self._vertices = vertices
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self._codes = codes
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self._interpolation_steps = _interpolation_steps
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self._update_values()
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if readonly:
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self._vertices.flags.writeable = False
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if self._codes is not None:
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self._codes.flags.writeable = False
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self._readonly = True
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else:
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self._readonly = False
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@classmethod
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def _fast_from_codes_and_verts(cls, verts, codes, internals_from=None):
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"""
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Creates a Path instance without the expense of calling the constructor.
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Parameters
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----------
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verts : numpy array
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codes : numpy array
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internals_from : Path or None
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If not None, another `Path` from which the attributes
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``should_simplify``, ``simplify_threshold``, and
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``interpolation_steps`` will be copied. Note that ``readonly`` is
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never copied, and always set to ``False`` by this constructor.
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"""
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pth = cls.__new__(cls)
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pth._vertices = _to_unmasked_float_array(verts)
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pth._codes = codes
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pth._readonly = False
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if internals_from is not None:
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pth._should_simplify = internals_from._should_simplify
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pth._simplify_threshold = internals_from._simplify_threshold
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pth._interpolation_steps = internals_from._interpolation_steps
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else:
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pth._should_simplify = True
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pth._simplify_threshold = mpl.rcParams['path.simplify_threshold']
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pth._interpolation_steps = 1
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return pth
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def _update_values(self):
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self._simplify_threshold = mpl.rcParams['path.simplify_threshold']
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self._should_simplify = (
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self._simplify_threshold > 0 and
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mpl.rcParams['path.simplify'] and
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len(self._vertices) >= 128 and
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(self._codes is None or np.all(self._codes <= Path.LINETO))
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)
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@property
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def vertices(self):
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"""
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The list of vertices in the `Path` as an Nx2 numpy array.
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"""
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return self._vertices
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@vertices.setter
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def vertices(self, vertices):
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if self._readonly:
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raise AttributeError("Can't set vertices on a readonly Path")
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self._vertices = vertices
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self._update_values()
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@property
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def codes(self):
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"""
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The list of codes in the `Path` as a 1-D numpy array. Each
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code is one of `STOP`, `MOVETO`, `LINETO`, `CURVE3`, `CURVE4`
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or `CLOSEPOLY`. For codes that correspond to more than one
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vertex (`CURVE3` and `CURVE4`), that code will be repeated so
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that the length of `self.vertices` and `self.codes` is always
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the same.
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"""
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return self._codes
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@codes.setter
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def codes(self, codes):
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if self._readonly:
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raise AttributeError("Can't set codes on a readonly Path")
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self._codes = codes
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self._update_values()
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@property
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def simplify_threshold(self):
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"""
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The fraction of a pixel difference below which vertices will
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be simplified out.
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"""
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return self._simplify_threshold
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@simplify_threshold.setter
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def simplify_threshold(self, threshold):
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self._simplify_threshold = threshold
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@property
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def should_simplify(self):
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"""
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`True` if the vertices array should be simplified.
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"""
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return self._should_simplify
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@should_simplify.setter
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def should_simplify(self, should_simplify):
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self._should_simplify = should_simplify
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@property
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def readonly(self):
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"""
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`True` if the `Path` is read-only.
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"""
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return self._readonly
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def __copy__(self):
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"""
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Return a shallow copy of the `Path`, which will share the
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vertices and codes with the source `Path`.
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"""
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import copy
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return copy.copy(self)
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copy = __copy__
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def __deepcopy__(self, memo=None):
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"""
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Return a deepcopy of the `Path`. The `Path` will not be
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readonly, even if the source `Path` is.
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"""
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try:
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codes = self.codes.copy()
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except AttributeError:
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codes = None
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return self.__class__(
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self.vertices.copy(), codes,
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_interpolation_steps=self._interpolation_steps)
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deepcopy = __deepcopy__
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@classmethod
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def make_compound_path_from_polys(cls, XY):
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"""
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Make a compound path object to draw a number
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of polygons with equal numbers of sides XY is a (numpolys x
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numsides x 2) numpy array of vertices. Return object is a
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:class:`Path`
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.. plot:: gallery/misc/histogram_path.py
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"""
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# for each poly: 1 for the MOVETO, (numsides-1) for the LINETO, 1 for
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# the CLOSEPOLY; the vert for the closepoly is ignored but we still
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# need it to keep the codes aligned with the vertices
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numpolys, numsides, two = XY.shape
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if two != 2:
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raise ValueError("The third dimension of 'XY' must be 2")
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stride = numsides + 1
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nverts = numpolys * stride
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verts = np.zeros((nverts, 2))
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codes = np.full(nverts, cls.LINETO, dtype=cls.code_type)
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codes[0::stride] = cls.MOVETO
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codes[numsides::stride] = cls.CLOSEPOLY
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for i in range(numsides):
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verts[i::stride] = XY[:, i]
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return cls(verts, codes)
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@classmethod
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def make_compound_path(cls, *args):
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"""
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Make a compound path from a list of Path objects. Blindly removes all
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Path.STOP control points.
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"""
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# Handle an empty list in args (i.e. no args).
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if not args:
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return Path(np.empty([0, 2], dtype=np.float32))
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vertices = np.concatenate([x.vertices for x in args])
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codes = np.empty(len(vertices), dtype=cls.code_type)
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i = 0
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for path in args:
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if path.codes is None:
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codes[i] = cls.MOVETO
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codes[i + 1:i + len(path.vertices)] = cls.LINETO
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else:
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codes[i:i + len(path.codes)] = path.codes
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i += len(path.vertices)
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# remove STOP's, since internal STOPs are a bug
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not_stop_mask = codes != cls.STOP
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vertices = vertices[not_stop_mask, :]
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codes = codes[not_stop_mask]
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return cls(vertices, codes)
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def __repr__(self):
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return "Path(%r, %r)" % (self.vertices, self.codes)
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def __len__(self):
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return len(self.vertices)
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def iter_segments(self, transform=None, remove_nans=True, clip=None,
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snap=False, stroke_width=1.0, simplify=None,
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curves=True, sketch=None):
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"""
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Iterate over all curve segments in the path.
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Each iteration returns a pair ``(vertices, code)``, where ``vertices``
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is a sequence of 1-3 coordinate pairs, and ``code`` is a `Path` code.
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Additionally, this method can provide a number of standard cleanups and
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conversions to the path.
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Parameters
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----------
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transform : None or :class:`~matplotlib.transforms.Transform`
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If not None, the given affine transformation will be applied to the
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path.
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remove_nans : bool, optional
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Whether to remove all NaNs from the path and skip over them using
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MOVETO commands.
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clip : None or (float, float, float, float), optional
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If not None, must be a four-tuple (x1, y1, x2, y2)
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defining a rectangle in which to clip the path.
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snap : None or bool, optional
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If True, snap all nodes to pixels; if False, don't snap them.
|
||
|
|
If None, snap if the path contains only segments
|
||
|
|
parallel to the x or y axes, and no more than 1024 of them.
|
||
|
|
stroke_width : float, optional
|
||
|
|
The width of the stroke being drawn (used for path snapping).
|
||
|
|
simplify : None or bool, optional
|
||
|
|
Whether to simplify the path by removing vertices
|
||
|
|
that do not affect its appearance. If None, use the
|
||
|
|
:attr:`should_simplify` attribute. See also :rc:`path.simplify`
|
||
|
|
and :rc:`path.simplify_threshold`.
|
||
|
|
curves : bool, optional
|
||
|
|
If True, curve segments will be returned as curve segments.
|
||
|
|
If False, all curves will be converted to line segments.
|
||
|
|
sketch : None or sequence, optional
|
||
|
|
If not None, must be a 3-tuple of the form
|
||
|
|
(scale, length, randomness), representing the sketch parameters.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if not len(self):
|
||
|
|
return
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
cleaned = self.cleaned(transform=transform,
|
||
|
|
remove_nans=remove_nans, clip=clip,
|
||
|
|
snap=snap, stroke_width=stroke_width,
|
||
|
|
simplify=simplify, curves=curves,
|
||
|
|
sketch=sketch)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Cache these object lookups for performance in the loop.
|
||
|
|
NUM_VERTICES_FOR_CODE = self.NUM_VERTICES_FOR_CODE
|
||
|
|
STOP = self.STOP
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
vertices = iter(cleaned.vertices)
|
||
|
|
codes = iter(cleaned.codes)
|
||
|
|
for curr_vertices, code in zip(vertices, codes):
|
||
|
|
if code == STOP:
|
||
|
|
break
|
||
|
|
extra_vertices = NUM_VERTICES_FOR_CODE[code] - 1
|
||
|
|
if extra_vertices:
|
||
|
|
for i in range(extra_vertices):
|
||
|
|
next(codes)
|
||
|
|
curr_vertices = np.append(curr_vertices, next(vertices))
|
||
|
|
yield curr_vertices, code
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def iter_bezier(self, **kwargs):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Iterate over each bezier curve (lines included) in a Path.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
**kwargs
|
||
|
|
Forwarded to `.iter_segments`.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Yields
|
||
|
|
------
|
||
|
|
B : matplotlib.bezier.BezierSegment
|
||
|
|
The bezier curves that make up the current path. Note in particular
|
||
|
|
that freestanding points are bezier curves of order 0, and lines
|
||
|
|
are bezier curves of order 1 (with two control points).
|
||
|
|
code : Path.code_type
|
||
|
|
The code describing what kind of curve is being returned.
|
||
|
|
Path.MOVETO, Path.LINETO, Path.CURVE3, Path.CURVE4 correspond to
|
||
|
|
bezier curves with 1, 2, 3, and 4 control points (respectively).
|
||
|
|
Path.CLOSEPOLY is a Path.LINETO with the control points correctly
|
||
|
|
chosen based on the start/end points of the current stroke.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
first_vert = None
|
||
|
|
prev_vert = None
|
||
|
|
for verts, code in self.iter_segments(**kwargs):
|
||
|
|
if first_vert is None:
|
||
|
|
if code != Path.MOVETO:
|
||
|
|
raise ValueError("Malformed path, must start with MOVETO.")
|
||
|
|
if code == Path.MOVETO: # a point is like "CURVE1"
|
||
|
|
first_vert = verts
|
||
|
|
yield BezierSegment(np.array([first_vert])), code
|
||
|
|
elif code == Path.LINETO: # "CURVE2"
|
||
|
|
yield BezierSegment(np.array([prev_vert, verts])), code
|
||
|
|
elif code == Path.CURVE3:
|
||
|
|
yield BezierSegment(np.array([prev_vert, verts[:2],
|
||
|
|
verts[2:]])), code
|
||
|
|
elif code == Path.CURVE4:
|
||
|
|
yield BezierSegment(np.array([prev_vert, verts[:2],
|
||
|
|
verts[2:4], verts[4:]])), code
|
||
|
|
elif code == Path.CLOSEPOLY:
|
||
|
|
yield BezierSegment(np.array([prev_vert, first_vert])), code
|
||
|
|
elif code == Path.STOP:
|
||
|
|
return
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
raise ValueError("Invalid Path.code_type: " + str(code))
|
||
|
|
prev_vert = verts[-2:]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@cbook._delete_parameter("3.3", "quantize")
|
||
|
|
def cleaned(self, transform=None, remove_nans=False, clip=None,
|
||
|
|
quantize=False, simplify=False, curves=False,
|
||
|
|
stroke_width=1.0, snap=False, sketch=None):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return a new Path with vertices and codes cleaned according to the
|
||
|
|
parameters.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
See Also
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
Path.iter_segments : for details of the keyword arguments.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
vertices, codes = _path.cleanup_path(
|
||
|
|
self, transform, remove_nans, clip, snap, stroke_width, simplify,
|
||
|
|
curves, sketch)
|
||
|
|
pth = Path._fast_from_codes_and_verts(vertices, codes, self)
|
||
|
|
if not simplify:
|
||
|
|
pth._should_simplify = False
|
||
|
|
return pth
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def transformed(self, transform):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return a transformed copy of the path.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
See Also
|
||
|
|
--------
|
||
|
|
matplotlib.transforms.TransformedPath
|
||
|
|
A specialized path class that will cache the transformed result and
|
||
|
|
automatically update when the transform changes.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
return Path(transform.transform(self.vertices), self.codes,
|
||
|
|
self._interpolation_steps)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def contains_point(self, point, transform=None, radius=0.0):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return whether the (closed) path contains the given point.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
point : (float, float)
|
||
|
|
The point (x, y) to check.
|
||
|
|
transform : `matplotlib.transforms.Transform`, optional
|
||
|
|
If not ``None``, *point* will be compared to ``self`` transformed
|
||
|
|
by *transform*; i.e. for a correct check, *transform* should
|
||
|
|
transform the path into the coordinate system of *point*.
|
||
|
|
radius : float, default: 0
|
||
|
|
Add an additional margin on the path in coordinates of *point*.
|
||
|
|
The path is extended tangentially by *radius/2*; i.e. if you would
|
||
|
|
draw the path with a linewidth of *radius*, all points on the line
|
||
|
|
would still be considered to be contained in the area. Conversely,
|
||
|
|
negative values shrink the area: Points on the imaginary line
|
||
|
|
will be considered outside the area.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Returns
|
||
|
|
-------
|
||
|
|
bool
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if transform is not None:
|
||
|
|
transform = transform.frozen()
|
||
|
|
# `point_in_path` does not handle nonlinear transforms, so we
|
||
|
|
# transform the path ourselves. If *transform* is affine, letting
|
||
|
|
# `point_in_path` handle the transform avoids allocating an extra
|
||
|
|
# buffer.
|
||
|
|
if transform and not transform.is_affine:
|
||
|
|
self = transform.transform_path(self)
|
||
|
|
transform = None
|
||
|
|
return _path.point_in_path(point[0], point[1], radius, self, transform)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def contains_points(self, points, transform=None, radius=0.0):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return whether the (closed) path contains the given point.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
points : (N, 2) array
|
||
|
|
The points to check. Columns contain x and y values.
|
||
|
|
transform : `matplotlib.transforms.Transform`, optional
|
||
|
|
If not ``None``, *points* will be compared to ``self`` transformed
|
||
|
|
by *transform*; i.e. for a correct check, *transform* should
|
||
|
|
transform the path into the coordinate system of *points*.
|
||
|
|
radius : float, default: 0.
|
||
|
|
Add an additional margin on the path in coordinates of *points*.
|
||
|
|
The path is extended tangentially by *radius/2*; i.e. if you would
|
||
|
|
draw the path with a linewidth of *radius*, all points on the line
|
||
|
|
would still be considered to be contained in the area. Conversely,
|
||
|
|
negative values shrink the area: Points on the imaginary line
|
||
|
|
will be considered outside the area.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Returns
|
||
|
|
-------
|
||
|
|
length-N bool array
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if transform is not None:
|
||
|
|
transform = transform.frozen()
|
||
|
|
result = _path.points_in_path(points, radius, self, transform)
|
||
|
|
return result.astype('bool')
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def contains_path(self, path, transform=None):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return whether this (closed) path completely contains the given path.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
If *transform* is not ``None``, the path will be transformed before
|
||
|
|
checking for containment.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if transform is not None:
|
||
|
|
transform = transform.frozen()
|
||
|
|
return _path.path_in_path(self, None, path, transform)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_extents(self, transform=None, **kwargs):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Get Bbox of the path.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
transform : matplotlib.transforms.Transform, optional
|
||
|
|
Transform to apply to path before computing extents, if any.
|
||
|
|
**kwargs
|
||
|
|
Forwarded to `.iter_bezier`.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Returns
|
||
|
|
-------
|
||
|
|
matplotlib.transforms.Bbox
|
||
|
|
The extents of the path Bbox([[xmin, ymin], [xmax, ymax]])
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
from .transforms import Bbox
|
||
|
|
if transform is not None:
|
||
|
|
self = transform.transform_path(self)
|
||
|
|
if self.codes is None:
|
||
|
|
xys = self.vertices
|
||
|
|
elif len(np.intersect1d(self.codes, [Path.CURVE3, Path.CURVE4])) == 0:
|
||
|
|
xys = self.vertices[self.codes != Path.CLOSEPOLY]
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
xys = []
|
||
|
|
for curve, code in self.iter_bezier(**kwargs):
|
||
|
|
# places where the derivative is zero can be extrema
|
||
|
|
_, dzeros = curve.axis_aligned_extrema()
|
||
|
|
# as can the ends of the curve
|
||
|
|
xys.append(curve([0, *dzeros, 1]))
|
||
|
|
xys = np.concatenate(xys)
|
||
|
|
if len(xys):
|
||
|
|
return Bbox([xys.min(axis=0), xys.max(axis=0)])
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
return Bbox.null()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def intersects_path(self, other, filled=True):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return whether if this path intersects another given path.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
If *filled* is True, then this also returns True if one path completely
|
||
|
|
encloses the other (i.e., the paths are treated as filled).
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
return _path.path_intersects_path(self, other, filled)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def intersects_bbox(self, bbox, filled=True):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return whether this path intersects a given `~.transforms.Bbox`.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
If *filled* is True, then this also returns True if the path completely
|
||
|
|
encloses the `.Bbox` (i.e., the path is treated as filled).
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The bounding box is always considered filled.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
return _path.path_intersects_rectangle(
|
||
|
|
self, bbox.x0, bbox.y0, bbox.x1, bbox.y1, filled)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def interpolated(self, steps):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return a new path resampled to length N x steps.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Codes other than LINETO are not handled correctly.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if steps == 1:
|
||
|
|
return self
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
vertices = simple_linear_interpolation(self.vertices, steps)
|
||
|
|
codes = self.codes
|
||
|
|
if codes is not None:
|
||
|
|
new_codes = np.full((len(codes) - 1) * steps + 1, Path.LINETO,
|
||
|
|
dtype=self.code_type)
|
||
|
|
new_codes[0::steps] = codes
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
new_codes = None
|
||
|
|
return Path(vertices, new_codes)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def to_polygons(self, transform=None, width=0, height=0, closed_only=True):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Convert this path to a list of polygons or polylines. Each
|
||
|
|
polygon/polyline is an Nx2 array of vertices. In other words,
|
||
|
|
each polygon has no ``MOVETO`` instructions or curves. This
|
||
|
|
is useful for displaying in backends that do not support
|
||
|
|
compound paths or Bezier curves.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
If *width* and *height* are both non-zero then the lines will
|
||
|
|
be simplified so that vertices outside of (0, 0), (width,
|
||
|
|
height) will be clipped.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
If *closed_only* is `True` (default), only closed polygons,
|
||
|
|
with the last point being the same as the first point, will be
|
||
|
|
returned. Any unclosed polylines in the path will be
|
||
|
|
explicitly closed. If *closed_only* is `False`, any unclosed
|
||
|
|
polygons in the path will be returned as unclosed polygons,
|
||
|
|
and the closed polygons will be returned explicitly closed by
|
||
|
|
setting the last point to the same as the first point.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if len(self.vertices) == 0:
|
||
|
|
return []
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if transform is not None:
|
||
|
|
transform = transform.frozen()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if self.codes is None and (width == 0 or height == 0):
|
||
|
|
vertices = self.vertices
|
||
|
|
if closed_only:
|
||
|
|
if len(vertices) < 3:
|
||
|
|
return []
|
||
|
|
elif np.any(vertices[0] != vertices[-1]):
|
||
|
|
vertices = [*vertices, vertices[0]]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if transform is None:
|
||
|
|
return [vertices]
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
return [transform.transform(vertices)]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Deal with the case where there are curves and/or multiple
|
||
|
|
# subpaths (using extension code)
|
||
|
|
return _path.convert_path_to_polygons(
|
||
|
|
self, transform, width, height, closed_only)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
_unit_rectangle = None
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@classmethod
|
||
|
|
def unit_rectangle(cls):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return a `Path` instance of the unit rectangle from (0, 0) to (1, 1).
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if cls._unit_rectangle is None:
|
||
|
|
cls._unit_rectangle = cls([[0, 0], [1, 0], [1, 1], [0, 1], [0, 0]],
|
||
|
|
closed=True, readonly=True)
|
||
|
|
return cls._unit_rectangle
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
_unit_regular_polygons = WeakValueDictionary()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@classmethod
|
||
|
|
def unit_regular_polygon(cls, numVertices):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return a :class:`Path` instance for a unit regular polygon with the
|
||
|
|
given *numVertices* such that the circumscribing circle has radius 1.0,
|
||
|
|
centered at (0, 0).
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if numVertices <= 16:
|
||
|
|
path = cls._unit_regular_polygons.get(numVertices)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
path = None
|
||
|
|
if path is None:
|
||
|
|
theta = ((2 * np.pi / numVertices) * np.arange(numVertices + 1)
|
||
|
|
# This initial rotation is to make sure the polygon always
|
||
|
|
# "points-up".
|
||
|
|
+ np.pi / 2)
|
||
|
|
verts = np.column_stack((np.cos(theta), np.sin(theta)))
|
||
|
|
path = cls(verts, closed=True, readonly=True)
|
||
|
|
if numVertices <= 16:
|
||
|
|
cls._unit_regular_polygons[numVertices] = path
|
||
|
|
return path
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
_unit_regular_stars = WeakValueDictionary()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@classmethod
|
||
|
|
def unit_regular_star(cls, numVertices, innerCircle=0.5):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return a :class:`Path` for a unit regular star with the given
|
||
|
|
numVertices and radius of 1.0, centered at (0, 0).
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if numVertices <= 16:
|
||
|
|
path = cls._unit_regular_stars.get((numVertices, innerCircle))
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
path = None
|
||
|
|
if path is None:
|
||
|
|
ns2 = numVertices * 2
|
||
|
|
theta = (2*np.pi/ns2 * np.arange(ns2 + 1))
|
||
|
|
# This initial rotation is to make sure the polygon always
|
||
|
|
# "points-up"
|
||
|
|
theta += np.pi / 2.0
|
||
|
|
r = np.ones(ns2 + 1)
|
||
|
|
r[1::2] = innerCircle
|
||
|
|
verts = (r * np.vstack((np.cos(theta), np.sin(theta)))).T
|
||
|
|
path = cls(verts, closed=True, readonly=True)
|
||
|
|
if numVertices <= 16:
|
||
|
|
cls._unit_regular_stars[(numVertices, innerCircle)] = path
|
||
|
|
return path
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@classmethod
|
||
|
|
def unit_regular_asterisk(cls, numVertices):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return a :class:`Path` for a unit regular asterisk with the given
|
||
|
|
numVertices and radius of 1.0, centered at (0, 0).
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
return cls.unit_regular_star(numVertices, 0.0)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
_unit_circle = None
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@classmethod
|
||
|
|
def unit_circle(cls):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return the readonly :class:`Path` of the unit circle.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
For most cases, :func:`Path.circle` will be what you want.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if cls._unit_circle is None:
|
||
|
|
cls._unit_circle = cls.circle(center=(0, 0), radius=1,
|
||
|
|
readonly=True)
|
||
|
|
return cls._unit_circle
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@classmethod
|
||
|
|
def circle(cls, center=(0., 0.), radius=1., readonly=False):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return a `Path` representing a circle of a given radius and center.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
center : (float, float), default: (0, 0)
|
||
|
|
The center of the circle.
|
||
|
|
radius : float, default: 1
|
||
|
|
The radius of the circle.
|
||
|
|
readonly : bool
|
||
|
|
Whether the created path should have the "readonly" argument
|
||
|
|
set when creating the Path instance.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Notes
|
||
|
|
-----
|
||
|
|
The circle is approximated using 8 cubic Bezier curves, as described in
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Lancaster, Don. `Approximating a Circle or an Ellipse Using Four
|
||
|
|
Bezier Cubic Splines <https://www.tinaja.com/glib/ellipse4.pdf>`_.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
MAGIC = 0.2652031
|
||
|
|
SQRTHALF = np.sqrt(0.5)
|
||
|
|
MAGIC45 = SQRTHALF * MAGIC
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
vertices = np.array([[0.0, -1.0],
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[MAGIC, -1.0],
|
||
|
|
[SQRTHALF-MAGIC45, -SQRTHALF-MAGIC45],
|
||
|
|
[SQRTHALF, -SQRTHALF],
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[SQRTHALF+MAGIC45, -SQRTHALF+MAGIC45],
|
||
|
|
[1.0, -MAGIC],
|
||
|
|
[1.0, 0.0],
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[1.0, MAGIC],
|
||
|
|
[SQRTHALF+MAGIC45, SQRTHALF-MAGIC45],
|
||
|
|
[SQRTHALF, SQRTHALF],
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[SQRTHALF-MAGIC45, SQRTHALF+MAGIC45],
|
||
|
|
[MAGIC, 1.0],
|
||
|
|
[0.0, 1.0],
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[-MAGIC, 1.0],
|
||
|
|
[-SQRTHALF+MAGIC45, SQRTHALF+MAGIC45],
|
||
|
|
[-SQRTHALF, SQRTHALF],
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[-SQRTHALF-MAGIC45, SQRTHALF-MAGIC45],
|
||
|
|
[-1.0, MAGIC],
|
||
|
|
[-1.0, 0.0],
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[-1.0, -MAGIC],
|
||
|
|
[-SQRTHALF-MAGIC45, -SQRTHALF+MAGIC45],
|
||
|
|
[-SQRTHALF, -SQRTHALF],
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[-SQRTHALF+MAGIC45, -SQRTHALF-MAGIC45],
|
||
|
|
[-MAGIC, -1.0],
|
||
|
|
[0.0, -1.0],
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[0.0, -1.0]],
|
||
|
|
dtype=float)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
codes = [cls.CURVE4] * 26
|
||
|
|
codes[0] = cls.MOVETO
|
||
|
|
codes[-1] = cls.CLOSEPOLY
|
||
|
|
return Path(vertices * radius + center, codes, readonly=readonly)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
_unit_circle_righthalf = None
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@classmethod
|
||
|
|
def unit_circle_righthalf(cls):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return a `Path` of the right half of a unit circle.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
See `Path.circle` for the reference on the approximation used.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if cls._unit_circle_righthalf is None:
|
||
|
|
MAGIC = 0.2652031
|
||
|
|
SQRTHALF = np.sqrt(0.5)
|
||
|
|
MAGIC45 = SQRTHALF * MAGIC
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
vertices = np.array(
|
||
|
|
[[0.0, -1.0],
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[MAGIC, -1.0],
|
||
|
|
[SQRTHALF-MAGIC45, -SQRTHALF-MAGIC45],
|
||
|
|
[SQRTHALF, -SQRTHALF],
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[SQRTHALF+MAGIC45, -SQRTHALF+MAGIC45],
|
||
|
|
[1.0, -MAGIC],
|
||
|
|
[1.0, 0.0],
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[1.0, MAGIC],
|
||
|
|
[SQRTHALF+MAGIC45, SQRTHALF-MAGIC45],
|
||
|
|
[SQRTHALF, SQRTHALF],
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[SQRTHALF-MAGIC45, SQRTHALF+MAGIC45],
|
||
|
|
[MAGIC, 1.0],
|
||
|
|
[0.0, 1.0],
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
[0.0, -1.0]],
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
float)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
codes = np.full(14, cls.CURVE4, dtype=cls.code_type)
|
||
|
|
codes[0] = cls.MOVETO
|
||
|
|
codes[-1] = cls.CLOSEPOLY
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
cls._unit_circle_righthalf = cls(vertices, codes, readonly=True)
|
||
|
|
return cls._unit_circle_righthalf
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@classmethod
|
||
|
|
def arc(cls, theta1, theta2, n=None, is_wedge=False):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return the unit circle arc from angles *theta1* to *theta2* (in
|
||
|
|
degrees).
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
*theta2* is unwrapped to produce the shortest arc within 360 degrees.
|
||
|
|
That is, if *theta2* > *theta1* + 360, the arc will be from *theta1* to
|
||
|
|
*theta2* - 360 and not a full circle plus some extra overlap.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
If *n* is provided, it is the number of spline segments to make.
|
||
|
|
If *n* is not provided, the number of spline segments is
|
||
|
|
determined based on the delta between *theta1* and *theta2*.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Masionobe, L. 2003. `Drawing an elliptical arc using
|
||
|
|
polylines, quadratic or cubic Bezier curves
|
||
|
|
<http://www.spaceroots.org/documents/ellipse/index.html>`_.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
halfpi = np.pi * 0.5
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
eta1 = theta1
|
||
|
|
eta2 = theta2 - 360 * np.floor((theta2 - theta1) / 360)
|
||
|
|
# Ensure 2pi range is not flattened to 0 due to floating-point errors,
|
||
|
|
# but don't try to expand existing 0 range.
|
||
|
|
if theta2 != theta1 and eta2 <= eta1:
|
||
|
|
eta2 += 360
|
||
|
|
eta1, eta2 = np.deg2rad([eta1, eta2])
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# number of curve segments to make
|
||
|
|
if n is None:
|
||
|
|
n = int(2 ** np.ceil((eta2 - eta1) / halfpi))
|
||
|
|
if n < 1:
|
||
|
|
raise ValueError("n must be >= 1 or None")
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
deta = (eta2 - eta1) / n
|
||
|
|
t = np.tan(0.5 * deta)
|
||
|
|
alpha = np.sin(deta) * (np.sqrt(4.0 + 3.0 * t * t) - 1) / 3.0
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
steps = np.linspace(eta1, eta2, n + 1, True)
|
||
|
|
cos_eta = np.cos(steps)
|
||
|
|
sin_eta = np.sin(steps)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
xA = cos_eta[:-1]
|
||
|
|
yA = sin_eta[:-1]
|
||
|
|
xA_dot = -yA
|
||
|
|
yA_dot = xA
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
xB = cos_eta[1:]
|
||
|
|
yB = sin_eta[1:]
|
||
|
|
xB_dot = -yB
|
||
|
|
yB_dot = xB
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if is_wedge:
|
||
|
|
length = n * 3 + 4
|
||
|
|
vertices = np.zeros((length, 2), float)
|
||
|
|
codes = np.full(length, cls.CURVE4, dtype=cls.code_type)
|
||
|
|
vertices[1] = [xA[0], yA[0]]
|
||
|
|
codes[0:2] = [cls.MOVETO, cls.LINETO]
|
||
|
|
codes[-2:] = [cls.LINETO, cls.CLOSEPOLY]
|
||
|
|
vertex_offset = 2
|
||
|
|
end = length - 2
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
length = n * 3 + 1
|
||
|
|
vertices = np.empty((length, 2), float)
|
||
|
|
codes = np.full(length, cls.CURVE4, dtype=cls.code_type)
|
||
|
|
vertices[0] = [xA[0], yA[0]]
|
||
|
|
codes[0] = cls.MOVETO
|
||
|
|
vertex_offset = 1
|
||
|
|
end = length
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
vertices[vertex_offset:end:3, 0] = xA + alpha * xA_dot
|
||
|
|
vertices[vertex_offset:end:3, 1] = yA + alpha * yA_dot
|
||
|
|
vertices[vertex_offset+1:end:3, 0] = xB - alpha * xB_dot
|
||
|
|
vertices[vertex_offset+1:end:3, 1] = yB - alpha * yB_dot
|
||
|
|
vertices[vertex_offset+2:end:3, 0] = xB
|
||
|
|
vertices[vertex_offset+2:end:3, 1] = yB
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return cls(vertices, codes, readonly=True)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@classmethod
|
||
|
|
def wedge(cls, theta1, theta2, n=None):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Return the unit circle wedge from angles *theta1* to *theta2* (in
|
||
|
|
degrees).
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
*theta2* is unwrapped to produce the shortest wedge within 360 degrees.
|
||
|
|
That is, if *theta2* > *theta1* + 360, the wedge will be from *theta1*
|
||
|
|
to *theta2* - 360 and not a full circle plus some extra overlap.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
If *n* is provided, it is the number of spline segments to make.
|
||
|
|
If *n* is not provided, the number of spline segments is
|
||
|
|
determined based on the delta between *theta1* and *theta2*.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
See `Path.arc` for the reference on the approximation used.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
return cls.arc(theta1, theta2, n, True)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
@staticmethod
|
||
|
|
@lru_cache(8)
|
||
|
|
def hatch(hatchpattern, density=6):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Given a hatch specifier, *hatchpattern*, generates a Path that
|
||
|
|
can be used in a repeated hatching pattern. *density* is the
|
||
|
|
number of lines per unit square.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
from matplotlib.hatch import get_path
|
||
|
|
return (get_path(hatchpattern, density)
|
||
|
|
if hatchpattern is not None else None)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def clip_to_bbox(self, bbox, inside=True):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Clip the path to the given bounding box.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The path must be made up of one or more closed polygons. This
|
||
|
|
algorithm will not behave correctly for unclosed paths.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
If *inside* is `True`, clip to the inside of the box, otherwise
|
||
|
|
to the outside of the box.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
# Use make_compound_path_from_polys
|
||
|
|
verts = _path.clip_path_to_rect(self, bbox, inside)
|
||
|
|
paths = [Path(poly) for poly in verts]
|
||
|
|
return self.make_compound_path(*paths)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def get_path_collection_extents(
|
||
|
|
master_transform, paths, transforms, offsets, offset_transform):
|
||
|
|
r"""
|
||
|
|
Given a sequence of `Path`\s, `~.Transform`\s objects, and offsets, as
|
||
|
|
found in a `~.PathCollection`, returns the bounding box that encapsulates
|
||
|
|
all of them.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parameters
|
||
|
|
----------
|
||
|
|
master_transform : `~.Transform`
|
||
|
|
Global transformation applied to all paths.
|
||
|
|
paths : list of `Path`
|
||
|
|
transforms : list of `~.Affine2D`
|
||
|
|
offsets : (N, 2) array-like
|
||
|
|
offset_transform : `~.Affine2D`
|
||
|
|
Transform applied to the offsets before offsetting the path.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Notes
|
||
|
|
-----
|
||
|
|
The way that *paths*, *transforms* and *offsets* are combined
|
||
|
|
follows the same method as for collections: Each is iterated over
|
||
|
|
independently, so if you have 3 paths, 2 transforms and 1 offset,
|
||
|
|
their combinations are as follows:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(A, A, A), (B, B, A), (C, A, A)
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
from .transforms import Bbox
|
||
|
|
if len(paths) == 0:
|
||
|
|
raise ValueError("No paths provided")
|
||
|
|
return Bbox.from_extents(*_path.get_path_collection_extents(
|
||
|
|
master_transform, paths, np.atleast_3d(transforms),
|
||
|
|
offsets, offset_transform))
|