460 lines
14 KiB
Python
460 lines
14 KiB
Python
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from collections.abc import Mapping, Hashable
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from itertools import chain
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from pyrsistent._pvector import pvector
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from pyrsistent._transformations import transform
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class PMap(object):
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"""
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Persistent map/dict. Tries to follow the same naming conventions as the built in dict where feasible.
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Do not instantiate directly, instead use the factory functions :py:func:`m` or :py:func:`pmap` to
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create an instance.
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Was originally written as a very close copy of the Clojure equivalent but was later rewritten to closer
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re-assemble the python dict. This means that a sparse vector (a PVector) of buckets is used. The keys are
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hashed and the elements inserted at position hash % len(bucket_vector). Whenever the map size exceeds 2/3 of
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the containing vectors size the map is reallocated to a vector of double the size. This is done to avoid
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excessive hash collisions.
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This structure corresponds most closely to the built in dict type and is intended as a replacement. Where the
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semantics are the same (more or less) the same function names have been used but for some cases it is not possible,
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for example assignments and deletion of values.
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PMap implements the Mapping protocol and is Hashable. It also supports dot-notation for
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element access.
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Random access and insert is log32(n) where n is the size of the map.
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The following are examples of some common operations on persistent maps
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>>> m1 = m(a=1, b=3)
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>>> m2 = m1.set('c', 3)
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>>> m3 = m2.remove('a')
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>>> m1
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pmap({'b': 3, 'a': 1})
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>>> m2
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pmap({'c': 3, 'b': 3, 'a': 1})
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>>> m3
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pmap({'c': 3, 'b': 3})
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>>> m3['c']
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3
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>>> m3.c
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3
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"""
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__slots__ = ('_size', '_buckets', '__weakref__', '_cached_hash')
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def __new__(cls, size, buckets):
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self = super(PMap, cls).__new__(cls)
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self._size = size
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self._buckets = buckets
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return self
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@staticmethod
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def _get_bucket(buckets, key):
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index = hash(key) % len(buckets)
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bucket = buckets[index]
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return index, bucket
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@staticmethod
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def _getitem(buckets, key):
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_, bucket = PMap._get_bucket(buckets, key)
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if bucket:
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for k, v in bucket:
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if k == key:
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return v
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raise KeyError(key)
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def __getitem__(self, key):
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return PMap._getitem(self._buckets, key)
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@staticmethod
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def _contains(buckets, key):
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_, bucket = PMap._get_bucket(buckets, key)
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if bucket:
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for k, _ in bucket:
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if k == key:
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return True
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return False
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return False
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def __contains__(self, key):
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return self._contains(self._buckets, key)
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get = Mapping.get
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def __iter__(self):
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return self.iterkeys()
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def __getattr__(self, key):
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try:
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return self[key]
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except KeyError as e:
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raise AttributeError(
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"{0} has no attribute '{1}'".format(type(self).__name__, key)
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) from e
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def iterkeys(self):
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for k, _ in self.iteritems():
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yield k
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# These are more efficient implementations compared to the original
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# methods that are based on the keys iterator and then calls the
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# accessor functions to access the value for the corresponding key
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def itervalues(self):
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for _, v in self.iteritems():
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yield v
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def iteritems(self):
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for bucket in self._buckets:
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if bucket:
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for k, v in bucket:
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yield k, v
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def values(self):
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return pvector(self.itervalues())
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def keys(self):
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return pvector(self.iterkeys())
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def items(self):
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return pvector(self.iteritems())
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def __len__(self):
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return self._size
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def __repr__(self):
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return 'pmap({0})'.format(str(dict(self)))
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def __eq__(self, other):
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if self is other:
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return True
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if not isinstance(other, Mapping):
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return NotImplemented
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if len(self) != len(other):
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return False
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if isinstance(other, PMap):
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if (hasattr(self, '_cached_hash') and hasattr(other, '_cached_hash')
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and self._cached_hash != other._cached_hash):
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return False
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if self._buckets == other._buckets:
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return True
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return dict(self.iteritems()) == dict(other.iteritems())
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elif isinstance(other, dict):
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return dict(self.iteritems()) == other
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return dict(self.iteritems()) == dict(other.items())
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__ne__ = Mapping.__ne__
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def __lt__(self, other):
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raise TypeError('PMaps are not orderable')
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__le__ = __lt__
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__gt__ = __lt__
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__ge__ = __lt__
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def __str__(self):
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return self.__repr__()
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def __hash__(self):
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if not hasattr(self, '_cached_hash'):
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self._cached_hash = hash(frozenset(self.iteritems()))
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return self._cached_hash
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def set(self, key, val):
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"""
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Return a new PMap with key and val inserted.
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>>> m1 = m(a=1, b=2)
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>>> m2 = m1.set('a', 3)
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>>> m3 = m1.set('c' ,4)
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>>> m1
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pmap({'b': 2, 'a': 1})
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>>> m2
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pmap({'b': 2, 'a': 3})
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>>> m3
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pmap({'c': 4, 'b': 2, 'a': 1})
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"""
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return self.evolver().set(key, val).persistent()
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def remove(self, key):
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"""
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Return a new PMap without the element specified by key. Raises KeyError if the element
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is not present.
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>>> m1 = m(a=1, b=2)
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>>> m1.remove('a')
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pmap({'b': 2})
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"""
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return self.evolver().remove(key).persistent()
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def discard(self, key):
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"""
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Return a new PMap without the element specified by key. Returns reference to itself
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if element is not present.
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>>> m1 = m(a=1, b=2)
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>>> m1.discard('a')
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pmap({'b': 2})
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>>> m1 is m1.discard('c')
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True
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"""
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try:
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return self.remove(key)
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except KeyError:
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return self
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def update(self, *maps):
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"""
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Return a new PMap with the items in Mappings inserted. If the same key is present in multiple
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maps the rightmost (last) value is inserted.
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>>> m1 = m(a=1, b=2)
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>>> m1.update(m(a=2, c=3), {'a': 17, 'd': 35})
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pmap({'c': 3, 'b': 2, 'a': 17, 'd': 35})
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"""
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return self.update_with(lambda l, r: r, *maps)
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def update_with(self, update_fn, *maps):
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"""
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Return a new PMap with the items in Mappings maps inserted. If the same key is present in multiple
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maps the values will be merged using merge_fn going from left to right.
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>>> from operator import add
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>>> m1 = m(a=1, b=2)
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>>> m1.update_with(add, m(a=2))
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pmap({'b': 2, 'a': 3})
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The reverse behaviour of the regular merge. Keep the leftmost element instead of the rightmost.
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>>> m1 = m(a=1)
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>>> m1.update_with(lambda l, r: l, m(a=2), {'a':3})
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pmap({'a': 1})
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"""
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evolver = self.evolver()
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for map in maps:
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for key, value in map.items():
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evolver.set(key, update_fn(evolver[key], value) if key in evolver else value)
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return evolver.persistent()
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def __add__(self, other):
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return self.update(other)
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def __reduce__(self):
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# Pickling support
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return pmap, (dict(self),)
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def transform(self, *transformations):
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"""
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Transform arbitrarily complex combinations of PVectors and PMaps. A transformation
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consists of two parts. One match expression that specifies which elements to transform
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and one transformation function that performs the actual transformation.
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>>> from pyrsistent import freeze, ny
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>>> news_paper = freeze({'articles': [{'author': 'Sara', 'content': 'A short article'},
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... {'author': 'Steve', 'content': 'A slightly longer article'}],
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... 'weather': {'temperature': '11C', 'wind': '5m/s'}})
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>>> short_news = news_paper.transform(['articles', ny, 'content'], lambda c: c[:25] + '...' if len(c) > 25 else c)
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>>> very_short_news = news_paper.transform(['articles', ny, 'content'], lambda c: c[:15] + '...' if len(c) > 15 else c)
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>>> very_short_news.articles[0].content
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'A short article'
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>>> very_short_news.articles[1].content
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'A slightly long...'
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When nothing has been transformed the original data structure is kept
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>>> short_news is news_paper
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True
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>>> very_short_news is news_paper
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False
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>>> very_short_news.articles[0] is news_paper.articles[0]
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True
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"""
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return transform(self, transformations)
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def copy(self):
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return self
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class _Evolver(object):
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__slots__ = ('_buckets_evolver', '_size', '_original_pmap')
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def __init__(self, original_pmap):
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self._original_pmap = original_pmap
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self._buckets_evolver = original_pmap._buckets.evolver()
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self._size = original_pmap._size
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def __getitem__(self, key):
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return PMap._getitem(self._buckets_evolver, key)
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def __setitem__(self, key, val):
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self.set(key, val)
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def set(self, key, val):
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if len(self._buckets_evolver) < 0.67 * self._size:
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self._reallocate(2 * len(self._buckets_evolver))
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kv = (key, val)
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index, bucket = PMap._get_bucket(self._buckets_evolver, key)
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if bucket:
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for k, v in bucket:
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if k == key:
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if v is not val:
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new_bucket = [(k2, v2) if k2 != k else (k2, val) for k2, v2 in bucket]
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self._buckets_evolver[index] = new_bucket
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return self
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new_bucket = [kv]
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new_bucket.extend(bucket)
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self._buckets_evolver[index] = new_bucket
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self._size += 1
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else:
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self._buckets_evolver[index] = [kv]
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self._size += 1
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return self
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def _reallocate(self, new_size):
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new_list = new_size * [None]
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buckets = self._buckets_evolver.persistent()
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for k, v in chain.from_iterable(x for x in buckets if x):
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index = hash(k) % new_size
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if new_list[index]:
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new_list[index].append((k, v))
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else:
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new_list[index] = [(k, v)]
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# A reallocation should always result in a dirty buckets evolver to avoid
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# possible loss of elements when doing the reallocation.
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self._buckets_evolver = pvector().evolver()
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self._buckets_evolver.extend(new_list)
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def is_dirty(self):
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return self._buckets_evolver.is_dirty()
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def persistent(self):
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if self.is_dirty():
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self._original_pmap = PMap(self._size, self._buckets_evolver.persistent())
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return self._original_pmap
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def __len__(self):
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return self._size
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def __contains__(self, key):
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return PMap._contains(self._buckets_evolver, key)
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def __delitem__(self, key):
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self.remove(key)
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def remove(self, key):
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index, bucket = PMap._get_bucket(self._buckets_evolver, key)
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if bucket:
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new_bucket = [(k, v) for (k, v) in bucket if k != key]
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if len(bucket) > len(new_bucket):
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self._buckets_evolver[index] = new_bucket if new_bucket else None
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self._size -= 1
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return self
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raise KeyError('{0}'.format(key))
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def evolver(self):
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"""
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Create a new evolver for this pmap. For a discussion on evolvers in general see the
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documentation for the pvector evolver.
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Create the evolver and perform various mutating updates to it:
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>>> m1 = m(a=1, b=2)
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>>> e = m1.evolver()
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>>> e['c'] = 3
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>>> len(e)
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3
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>>> del e['a']
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The underlying pmap remains the same:
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>>> m1
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pmap({'b': 2, 'a': 1})
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The changes are kept in the evolver. An updated pmap can be created using the
|
||
|
|
persistent() function on the evolver.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
>>> m2 = e.persistent()
|
||
|
|
>>> m2
|
||
|
|
pmap({'c': 3, 'b': 2})
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The new pmap will share data with the original pmap in the same way that would have
|
||
|
|
been done if only using operations on the pmap.
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
return self._Evolver(self)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Mapping.register(PMap)
|
||
|
|
Hashable.register(PMap)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _turbo_mapping(initial, pre_size):
|
||
|
|
if pre_size:
|
||
|
|
size = pre_size
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
size = 2 * len(initial) or 8
|
||
|
|
except Exception:
|
||
|
|
# Guess we can't figure out the length. Give up on length hinting,
|
||
|
|
# we can always reallocate later.
|
||
|
|
size = 8
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
buckets = size * [None]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if not isinstance(initial, Mapping):
|
||
|
|
# Make a dictionary of the initial data if it isn't already,
|
||
|
|
# that will save us some job further down since we can assume no
|
||
|
|
# key collisions
|
||
|
|
initial = dict(initial)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
for k, v in initial.items():
|
||
|
|
h = hash(k)
|
||
|
|
index = h % size
|
||
|
|
bucket = buckets[index]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if bucket:
|
||
|
|
bucket.append((k, v))
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
buckets[index] = [(k, v)]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return PMap(len(initial), pvector().extend(buckets))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
_EMPTY_PMAP = _turbo_mapping({}, 0)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def pmap(initial={}, pre_size=0):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Create new persistent map, inserts all elements in initial into the newly created map.
|
||
|
|
The optional argument pre_size may be used to specify an initial size of the underlying bucket vector. This
|
||
|
|
may have a positive performance impact in the cases where you know beforehand that a large number of elements
|
||
|
|
will be inserted into the map eventually since it will reduce the number of reallocations required.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
>>> pmap({'a': 13, 'b': 14})
|
||
|
|
pmap({'b': 14, 'a': 13})
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
if not initial:
|
||
|
|
return _EMPTY_PMAP
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
return _turbo_mapping(initial, pre_size)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def m(**kwargs):
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
Creates a new persitent map. Inserts all key value arguments into the newly created map.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
>>> m(a=13, b=14)
|
||
|
|
pmap({'b': 14, 'a': 13})
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
return pmap(kwargs)
|